multiplicative functions

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21: 1.10 Functions of a Complex Variable

… ►An analytic function $f(z)$ has a zero of order (or multiplicity) $m$ ($\ge 1$) at $z_0$ if the first nonzero coefficient in its Taylor series at $z_0$ is that of ${(z-z_0)}^m$. … … ►Lastly, if $a_n\ne 0$ for infinitely many negative $n$, then $z_0$ is an isolated essential singularity. …

22: 13.27 Mathematical Applications

… ►Vilenkin (1968, Chapter 8) constructs irreducible representations of this group, in which the diagonal matrices correspond to operators of multiplication by an exponential function. …

23: 27.13 Functions

… ►Whereas multiplicative number theory is concerned with functions arising from prime factorization, additive number theory treats functions related to addition of integers. …

24: 18.28 Askey–Wilson Class

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18.28.1_5 $$R_n(z)=R_n(z;a,b,c,d|q)=\frac{p_n(\frac{1}{2}(z+z^{-1});a,b,c,d|q)}{a^{-n}{(ab,ac,ad;q)}_n}={}_4{}^{}\varphi _3^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{q^{-n},abcd{q}^{n-1},az,a{z}^{-1}}{ab,ac,ad};q,q).$$

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Symbols:

$p_n(x;a,b,c,d|q)$: Askey–Wilson polynomial, ${}_{r+1}{}^{}\varphi _s^{}(a_0,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_s;q,z)$ or ${}_{r+1}{}^{}\varphi _s^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_0,\mathrm{\dots },a_r}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_s};q,z)$: basic hypergeometric (or $q$-hypergeometric) function, ${(a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;q)}_n$: multiple $q$-Pochhammer symbol, $z$: complex variable, $q$: real variable and $n$: nonnegative integer

Source:

Koornwinder and Mazzocco (2018, (1))

Referenced by:

(18.28.26), §18.28(ii), §18.28(ix), §18.28(x), §18.38(iii), Erratum (V1.2.0) Section 18.27

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.28.E1_5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.2.0):

This equation was added.

See also:

Annotations for §18.28(ii), §18.28 and Ch.18

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18.28.3 $$2\pi \sin \theta w(\cos \theta )={\left|\frac{{({\mathrm{e}}^{2i\theta };q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}{{(a{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\theta },b{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\theta },c{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\theta },d{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\theta };q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}\right|}^2,$$

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, ${(a;q)}_n$: $q$-Pochhammer symbol (or $q$-shifted factorial), ${(a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;q)}_n$: multiple $q$-Pochhammer symbol, $\sin z$: sine function, $w(x)$: weight function and $q$: real variable

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.28.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.28(ii), §18.28(ii), §18.28 and Ch.18

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18.28.8 $$\frac{1}{2\pi }{\int }_0^{\pi }{Q}_n(\cos \theta ;a,b|q)Q_m(\cos \theta ;a,b|q){\left|\frac{{({\mathrm{e}}^{2i\theta };q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}{{(a{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\theta },b{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\theta };q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}\right|}^{2}d\theta =\frac{{\delta }_{n,m}}{{(q^{n+1},ab{q}^n;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}},$$ $a,b\in ℝ$ or $a=\overline{b}$; $ab\ne 1$; $|a|,|b|\le 1$.

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Symbols:

$Q_n(x;a,b|q)$: Al-Salam–Chihara polynomial, ${\delta }_{j,k}$: Kronecker delta, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $\cos z$: cosine function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\in$: element of, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\int$: integral, ${(a;q)}_n$: $q$-Pochhammer symbol (or $q$-shifted factorial), ${(a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;q)}_n$: multiple $q$-Pochhammer symbol, $ℝ$: real line, $q$: real variable, $m$: nonnegative integer and $n$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§18.28(iii), Erratum (V1.2.0) for Equation (18.28.8)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.28.E8

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Modification (effective with 1.2.0):

The constraint which originally stated that “” has been updated to be “$ab\ne 1$”.

See also:

Annotations for §18.28(iii), §18.28 and Ch.18

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18.28.15 $$\frac{1}{2\pi }{\int }_0^{\pi }{C}_n(\cos \theta ;\beta |q)C_m(\cos \theta ;\beta |q){\left|\frac{{({\mathrm{e}}^{2\mathrm{i}\theta };q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}{{(\beta {\mathrm{e}}^{2\mathrm{i}\theta };q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}\right|}^{2}d\theta =\frac{{(\beta ,\beta q;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}{{({\beta }^2,q;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}\frac{(1-\beta ){({\beta }^2;q)}_n}{(1-\beta q^n){(q;q)}_n}{\delta }_{n,m},$$ .

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Symbols:

${\delta }_{j,k}$: Kronecker delta, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\cos z$: cosine function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\int$: integral, ${(a;q)}_n$: $q$-Pochhammer symbol (or $q$-shifted factorial), ${(a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;q)}_n$: multiple $q$-Pochhammer symbol, $C_n(x;\beta |q)$: continuous $q$-ultraspherical polynomial, $q$: real variable, $m$: nonnegative integer and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.28.E15

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.28(v), §18.28 and Ch.18

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18.28.19 $$R_n(x)=R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta |q)=\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^n\frac{q^{\mathrm{\ell }}{(q^{-n},\alpha \beta q^{n+1};q)}_{\mathrm{\ell }}}{{(\alpha q,\beta \delta q,\gamma q,q;q)}_{\mathrm{\ell }}}\prod _{j=0}^{\mathrm{\ell }-1}(1-q^{j}x+\gamma \delta q^{2j+1})={}_4{}^{}\varphi _3^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{q^{-n},\alpha \beta q^{n+1},q^{-y},\gamma \delta q^{y+1}}{\alpha q,\beta \delta q,\gamma q};q,q),$$ $\alpha q$, $\beta \delta q$, or $\gamma q=q^{-N}$; $n=0,1,\mathrm{\dots },N$.

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Defines:

$R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta |q)$: $q$-Racah polynomial and $R_n(x)$ (locally)

Symbols:

${}_{r+1}{}^{}\varphi _s^{}(a_0,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_s;q,z)$ or ${}_{r+1}{}^{}\varphi _s^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_0,\mathrm{\dots },a_r}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_s};q,z)$: basic hypergeometric (or $q$-hypergeometric) function, ${(a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;q)}_n$: multiple $q$-Pochhammer symbol, $y$: real variable, $N$: positive integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant, $q$: real variable, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.28.E19

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.28(viii), §18.28 and Ch.18

…

25: 27.14 Unrestricted Partitions

… ►The tau function is multiplicative and satisfies the more general relation: …

26: 31.10 Integral Equations and Representations

… ►For suitable choices of the branches of the $P$-symbols in (31.10.9) and the contour $C$, we can obtain both integral equations satisfied by Heun functions, as well as the integral representations of a distinct solution of Heun’s equation in terms of a Heun function (polynomial, path-multiplicative solution). …

27: Bibliography S

… ►

Algorithm 786: Multiple-precision complex arithmetic and functions. ACM Trans. Math. Software 24 (4), pp. 359–367.

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External Links:

ISSN 0098-3500, Document, GAMS (module 786; package TOMS), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

4th item.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Algorithm 814: Fortran 90 software for floating-point multiple precision arithmetic, gamma and related functions. ACM Trans. Math. Software 27 (4), pp. 377–387.

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External Links:

ISSN 0098-3500, Document, GAMS (module 814; package TOMS), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

2nd item, 6th item, 3rd item, 1st item, 6th item, 5th item.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Efficient multiple-precision evaluation of elementary functions. Math. Comp. 52 (185), pp. 131–134.

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External Links:

ISSN 0025-5718, FullText, MathReview (Menachem Dishon), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§4.45(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Algorithm 911: multiple-precision exponential integral and related functions. ACM Trans. Math. Software 37 (4), pp. Art. 46, 16.

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External Links:

Document, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

5th item, §4.48(iii), 3rd item, §6.21(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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28: 27.1 Special Notation

… ► ►►

$d,k,m,n$	positive integers (unless otherwise indicated).
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29: Bibliography K

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Calculation of the multiple zeros of the derivatives of the cylindrical Bessel functions $J_{\nu }(z)$ and $Y_{\nu }(z)$ . Zh. Vychisl. Mat. i Mat. Fiz. 25 (12), pp. 1749–1760, 1918.

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Notes:

English translation in U.S.S.R. Computational Math. and Math. Phys. 25(6), pp. 101–107

External Links:

ISSN 0044-4669, Document, MathReview (E. Riekstiņš), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§10.74(vi), 10th item.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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On multiple zeros of derivatives of Bessel’s cylindrical functions. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 288 (2), pp. 285–288 (Russian).

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Notes:

In Russian. English translation: Soviet Math. Dokl. 33(3), 650–653, (1986).

External Links:

ISSN 0002-3264, MathReview (Boro Döring), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§10.21(i), §10.74(vi).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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On the calculation of the multiple complex roots of the derivatives of cylindrical Bessel functions. Zh. Vychisl. Mat. i Mat. Fiz. 27 (11), pp. 1628–1639, 1758.

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Notes:

English translation in U.S.S.R. Computational Math. and Math. Phys. 27(6), pp. 18–25

External Links:

ISSN 0044-4669, Document, MathReview (Hans-Jürgen Albrand), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§10.21(ix), §10.74(vi), 5th item.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Multiple complex zeros of derivatives of the cylindrical Bessel functions. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 299 (3), pp. 614–618 (Russian).

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Notes:

In Russian. English translation: Soviet Phys. Dokl. 33(3),196–198, (1988).

External Links:

ISSN 0002-3264, MathReview (Boro Döring), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§10.21(ix), §10.74(vi).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Algorithm 910: a portable C++ multiple-precision system for special-function calculations. ACM Trans. Math. Software 37 (4), pp. Art. 45, 27.

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Notes:

This system provides a uniform interface in C++, named e_float, to perform arithmetic operations and to calculate mathematical functions that are implemented in several different MP packages. It is a free, open-source, multiple precision package that allows the computation of many special functions. It supports calculations with 30….300 decimal digits and is interoperable with Microsoft’s CLR, Python and Mathematica.

External Links:

ISSN 0098-3500, Document, FullText, MathReview Entry, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.0.9) for References, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index, § ‣ Software Cross Index.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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30: 10.74 Methods of Computation

… ► ►Similar observations apply to the computation of modified Bessel functions, spherical Bessel functions, and Kelvin functions. … ► ►

§10.74(vi) Zeros and Associated Values

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Multiple Zeros

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