hypergeometric differential equation

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31: 13.16 Integral Representations

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13.16.4 $$\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(1+2\mu \right)}{M}_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(z\right)=\frac{\sqrt{z}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\frac{1}{2}z}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{1}{2}+\mu -\kappa \right)}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\mathrm{e}}^{-t}{t}^{-\kappa -\frac{1}{2}}{I}_{2\mu }\left(2\sqrt{zt}\right)dt,$$ .

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $M_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(z\right)$: Whittaker confluent hypergeometric function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\int$: integral, $I_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: modified Bessel function of the first kind, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part and $z$: complex variable

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.0.5) for Equation (13.16.4)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/13.16.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Errata (effective with 1.0.5):

Originally the condition for the validity of this equation was stated incorrectly as $\mathrm{\Re }(\kappa -\mu )-\frac{1}{2}>0$. The correct condition is .

See also:

Annotations for §13.16(i), §13.16 and Ch.13

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32: 15.6 Integral Representations

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15.6.1 $$𝐅(a,b;c;z)=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(b\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(c-b\right)}{\int }_0^1\frac{t^{b-1}{(1-t)}^{c-b-1}}{{(1-zt)}^a}dt,$$ ; $\mathrm{\Re }c>\mathrm{\Re }b>0$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$ or $𝐅(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a,b}{c};z)$: $={}_2{}^{}𝐅_1^{}(a,b;c;z)$ Olver’s hypergeometric function, $z$: complex variable, $a$: real or complex parameter, $b$: real or complex parameter and $c$: real or complex parameter

Keywords:

Mellin transform

Referenced by:

§15.19(iii), (15.4.34), §15.6, §15.6, Erratum (V1.0.23) for Equations (15.6.1)–(15.6.9), Erratum (V1.0.23) for Equations (15.6.1)–(15.6.9)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.6.E1

Encodings:

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Addition (effective with 1.0.23):

The Olver hypergeometric function $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$, previously omitted from the left-hand side to make the formula more concise, has been added. The constraint , originally mentioned in the text, has been directly added to the formula.

See also:

Annotations for §15.6 and Ch.15

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15.6.6 $$𝐅(a,b;c;z)=\frac{1}{2\pi \mathrm{i}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(b\right)}{\int }_{-\mathrm{i}\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a+t\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(b+t\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(-t\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(c+t\right)}{(-z)}^{t}dt,$$ ; $a,b\ne 0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$ or $𝐅(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a,b}{c};z)$: $={}_2{}^{}𝐅_1^{}(a,b;c;z)$ Olver’s hypergeometric function, $z$: complex variable, $a$: real or complex parameter, $b$: real or complex parameter and $c$: real or complex parameter

A&S Ref:

15.3.2 (modified)

Referenced by:

§15.6, §15.6, Erratum (V1.0.23) for Equations (15.6.1)–(15.6.9)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.6.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.23):

The Olver hypergeometric function $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$, previously omitted from the left-hand side to make the formula more concise, has been added. The constraint , originally mentioned in the text, has been directly added to the formula.

See also:

Annotations for §15.6 and Ch.15

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15.6.7 $$𝐅(a,b;c;z)=\frac{1}{2\pi \mathrm{i}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(b\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(c-a\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(c-b\right)}{\int }_{-\mathrm{i}\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{\infty }}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a+t\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(b+t\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(c-a-b-t\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(-t\right){(1-z)}^{t}dt,$$ ; $a,b,c-a,c-b\ne 0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$ or $𝐅(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a,b}{c};z)$: $={}_2{}^{}𝐅_1^{}(a,b;c;z)$ Olver’s hypergeometric function, $z$: complex variable, $a$: real or complex parameter, $b$: real or complex parameter and $c$: real or complex parameter

Referenced by:

§15.6, Erratum (V1.0.23) for Equations (15.6.1)–(15.6.9)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.6.E7

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.23):

The Olver hypergeometric function $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$, previously omitted from the left-hand side to make the formula more concise, has been added. The constraint , originally mentioned in the text, has been directly added to the formula.

See also:

Annotations for §15.6 and Ch.15

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15.6.8 $$𝐅(a,b;c;z)=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(c-d\right)}{\int }_0^1𝐅(a,b;d;zt)t^{d-1}{(1-t)}^{c-d-1}dt,$$ ; $\mathrm{\Re }c>\mathrm{\Re }d>0$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$ or $𝐅(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a,b}{c};z)$: $={}_2{}^{}𝐅_1^{}(a,b;c;z)$ Olver’s hypergeometric function, $z$: complex variable, $a$: real or complex parameter, $b$: real or complex parameter and $c$: real or complex parameter

Keywords:

Mellin transform

Proof sketch:

Follows from (15.6.9) with $\lambda =a+b$.

Referenced by:

(15.6.9), §15.6, §15.6, §15.6, §18.17(iv), Erratum (V1.0.14) for Equation (15.6.8), Erratum (V1.0.14) for Equation (15.6.8)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.6.E8

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.23):

The Olver hypergeometric function $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$, previously omitted from the left-hand side to make the formula more concise, has been added. The constraint , originally mentioned in the text, has been directly added to the formula.

See also:

Annotations for §15.6 and Ch.15

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15.6.9 $$𝐅(a,b;c;z)={\int }_0^1\frac{t^{d-1}{(1-t)}^{c-d-1}}{{(1-zt)}^{a+b-\lambda }}𝐅(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{\lambda -a,\lambda -b}{d};zt)𝐅(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a+b-\lambda ,\lambda -d}{c-d};\frac{(1-t)z}{1-zt})dt,$$ ; $\lambda \in ℂ$, $\mathrm{\Re }c>\mathrm{\Re }d>0$.

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $ℂ$: complex plane, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\in$: element of, $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$ or $𝐅(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a,b}{c};z)$: $={}_2{}^{}𝐅_1^{}(a,b;c;z)$ Olver’s hypergeometric function, $z$: complex variable, $a$: real or complex parameter, $b$: real or complex parameter and $c$: real or complex parameter

Keywords:

Mellin transform

Notes:

With $\lambda =a+b$, this equation specializes to (15.6.8).

Referenced by:

(15.6.8), §15.6, §15.6, Erratum (V1.0.18) for Equation (15.6.9), Erratum (V1.0.23) for Equations (15.6.1)–(15.6.9), Erratum (V1.0.23) for Equations (15.6.1)–(15.6.9)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.6.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.23):

The Olver hypergeometric function $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$, previously omitted from the left-hand side to make the formula more concise, has been added. The constraint , originally mentioned in the text, has been directly added to the formula.

Addition (effective with 1.0.18):

The constraint $\lambda \in ℂ$ was added.

See also:

Annotations for §15.6 and Ch.15

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33: Bibliography H

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Solving Ordinary Differential Equations. I. Nonstiff Problems. 2nd edition, Springer Series in Computational Mathematics, Vol. 8, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

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Notes:

A reprinting with corrections appeared in 2000.

External Links:

ISBN 3-540-56670-8, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§3.7(v), §3.7(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Solving Ordinary Differential Equations. I. Nonstiff Problems. 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

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External Links:

ISBN 3-540-56670-8, Document, MathReview

Referenced by:

§32.17.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Solving Ordinary Differential Equations. II. Stiff and Differential-Algebraic Problems. 2nd edition, Springer Series in Computational Mathematics, Vol. 14, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

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External Links:

ISBN 3-540-60452-9, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§3.7(v).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Differential Equations: A Modern Approach. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York.

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Notes:

Reprinted by Dover in 1975.

External Links:

MathReview (Z. Opial), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§29.3(vi).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Two Parametric Eigenvalue Problems of Differential Equations. In Spectral Theory of Differential Operators (Birmingham, AL, 1981), North-Holland Math. Stud., Vol. 55, pp. 233–241.

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External Links:

MathReview (H. Hochstadt), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§28.7.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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34: Bibliography B

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Transcendental Functions Satisfying Nonhomogeneous Linear Differential Equations. The Macmillan Co., New York.

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External Links:

MathReview (H. Hochstadt), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§11.4(i), §11.4(v), §11.5(ii), §11.5(i), §11.5(ii), §11.5(iii), §11.7(ii), §11.7(iii), §11.7(v), §11.9(i), §11.9(iv), §11.9(iv), Ch.11, §14.29.

Encodings:

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Ordinary differential equations. Fourth edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.

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External Links:

ISBN 0-471-86003-4, MathReview (Michal Čverčko)

Referenced by:

§1.13(viii), §1.13(viii), §1.18(iv).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Bessel functions and modular relations of higher type and hyperbolic differential equations. Comm. Sém. Math. Univ. Lund [Medd. Lunds Univ. Mat. Sem.] 1952 (Tome Supplementaire), pp. 12–20.

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External Links:

MathReview (S. C. van Veen), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§35.5(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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The Numerical Analysis of Ordinary Differential Equations. Runge-Kutta and General Linear Methods. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester.

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External Links:

ISBN 0-471-91046-5, MathReview (Peter Alfeld), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§3.7(v).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Numerical Methods for Ordinary Differential Equations. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester.

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External Links:

ISBN 0-471-96758-0, MathReview (Ian Gladwell), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.17.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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35: Bibliography N

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Confluent hypergeometric equations and related solvable potentials in quantum mechanics. J. Math. Phys. 41 (12), pp. 7964–7996.

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External Links:

ISSN 0022-2488, Document, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§13.28(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Uniform Asymptotic Approximations of Solutions of Second-order Linear Differential Equations, with a Coalescing Simple Turning Point and Simple Pole. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

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Referenced by:

§2.8(vi).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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A separating surface for the Painlevé differential equation $x^{\prime \prime }=x^2-t$ . J. Math. Anal. Appl. 193 (3), pp. 817–831.

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External Links:

ISSN 0022-247X, Document, MathReview (W. S. Loud), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.17.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Hypergeometric functions. Acta Math. 94, pp. 289–349.

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External Links:

Document, MathReview (A. Erdélyi), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§16.10, §16.8(ii), §16.8(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Tables of Generalized Airy Functions for the Asymptotic Solution of the Differential Equations $ϵ{(p{y}^{\prime })}^{\prime }+(q+ϵr)y=f$ . Pergamon Press, Oxford.

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Notes:

D. E. Brown, translator.

External Links:

MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

4th item.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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36: Bibliography K

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On the evaluation of the Gauss hypergeometric function. C. R. Acad. Bulgare Sci. 45 (6), pp. 35–36.

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External Links:

ISSN 0861-1459, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§15.15, §15.19(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Asymptotic behavior of the solutions of the Painlevé equation of the first kind. Differ. Uravn. 24 (10), pp. 1684–1695 (Russian).

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Notes:

In Russian. English translation: Differential Equations 24(1988), no. 10, pp. 1107–1115 (1989)

External Links:

ISSN 0374-0641, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.11(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Rational solutions of the fifth Painlevé equation. Differential Integral Equations 7 (3-4), pp. 967–1000.

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External Links:

ISSN 0893-4983, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.8(v).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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On differential equations for Sobolev-type Laguerre polynomials. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 350 (1), pp. 347–393.

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External Links:

ISSN 0002-9947, FullText, MathReview (Hans W. Volkmer), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§18.36(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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An algorithm for solving second order linear homogeneous differential equations. J. Symbolic Comput. 2 (1), pp. 3–43.

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External Links:

ISSN 0747-7171, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§31.14(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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37: 32.10 Special Function Solutions

… ►For certain combinations of the parameters, ${\text{P}}_{\text{II}}$–${\text{P}}_{\text{VI}}$ have particular solutions expressible in terms of the solution of a Riccati differential equation, which can be solved in terms of special functions defined in other chapters. … ►

§32.10(iv) Fourth Painlevé Equation

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§32.10(vi) Sixth Painlevé Equation

… ►where the fundamental periods $2{\varphi }_1$ and $2{\varphi }_2$ are linearly independent functions satisfying the hypergeometric equation … ►

38: 14.32 Methods of Computation

… ►Essentially the same comments that are made in §15.19 concerning the computation of hypergeometric functions apply to the functions described in the present chapter. In particular, for small or moderate values of the parameters $\mu$ and $\nu$ the power-series expansions of the various hypergeometric function representations given in §§14.3(i)–14.3(iii), 14.19(ii), and 14.20(i) can be selected in such a way that convergence is stable, and reasonably rapid, especially when the argument of the functions is real. … ►

Numerical integration (§3.7) of the defining differential equations (14.2.2), (14.20.1), and (14.21.1).

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39: Bibliography V

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Modular hypergeometric residue sums of elliptic Selberg integrals. Lett. Math. Phys. 58 (3), pp. 223–238.

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External Links:

ISSN 0377-9017, Document, MathReview (Laurent Habsieger), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§19.35(i).

Encodings:

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Transformations of some Gauss hypergeometric functions. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 178 (1-2), pp. 473–487.

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External Links:

ISSN 0377-0427, Document, Link, MathReview (Wolfgang Bühring), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§15.8(v).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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A note on the asymptotic expansion of generalized hypergeometric functions. Anal. Appl. (Singap.) 12 (1), pp. 107–115.

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External Links:

ISSN 0219-5305, Document, MathReview (Roberto S. Costas-Santos), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§16.11(ii), §16.11(ii).

Encodings:

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Approximation of eigenvalues of some differential equations by zeros of orthogonal polynomials. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 213 (2), pp. 488–500.

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External Links:

ISSN 0377-0427, Document, FullText, MathReview (Javier Segura), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

item (f), §28.34(ii), §29.20(i).

Encodings:

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On the rational solutions of the second Painlevé equation. Differ. Uravn. 1 (1), pp. 79–81 (Russian).

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Notes:

In Russian. English translation: Differential Equations 1(1), pp. 58–59.

External Links:

MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.8(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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40: Bibliography C

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Elementary Differential Equations. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

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External Links:

ISBN 0-19-853139-7, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§16.12.

Encodings:

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Algorithm 352: Characteristic values and associated solutions of Mathieu’s differential equation. Comm. ACM 12 (7), pp. 399–407.

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Notes:

Includes double-precision Fortran program, maximum accuracy 13D.

External Links:

ISSN 0001-0782, Document

Referenced by:

§28.36(ii), §28.36(iii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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The numerical solution of linear differential equations in Chebyshev series. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 53 (1), pp. 134–149.

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External Links:

MathReview (L. Fox), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§18.38(i), §3.11(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Theory of ordinary differential equations. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York-Toronto-London.

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External Links:

MathReview (M. Zlámal)

Referenced by:

§1.18(ix), §1.18(x).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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The Numerical Treatment of Differential Equations. 3rd edition, Die Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, Vol. 60, Springer, Berlin.

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Notes:

Translated by P. G. Williams from a supplemented version of the 2d German edition

External Links:

MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§3.4(iii), §3.4(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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