expansion in inverse factorials

SearchAdvancedHelp

(0.004 seconds)

11—18 of 18 matching pages

11: 15.12 Asymptotic Approximations

… ►

$\mathrm{\Re }z>\frac{1}{2}$ and ${\alpha }_{-}-\frac{1}{2}\pi +\delta \le \mathrm{ph}c\le {\alpha }_{+}+\frac{1}{2}\pi -\delta$, where

15.12.1 $${\alpha }_{\pm }=\arctan \left(\frac{\mathrm{ph}z-\mathrm{ph}\left(1-z\right)\mp \pi }{\ln |1-z^{-1}|}\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\arctan z$: arctangent function, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable and ${\alpha }_{\pm }$

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.12.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §15.12(ii), §15.12 and Ch.15

with $z$ restricted so that $\pm {\alpha }_{\pm }\in [0,\frac{1}{2}\pi )$.

… ►For this result and an extension to an asymptotic expansion with error bounds see Jones (2001). … ►For $U(a,z)$ see §12.2, and for an extension to an asymptotic expansion see Olde Daalhuis (2003a). … ►For $\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$ see §9.2, and for further information and an extension to an asymptotic expansion see Olde Daalhuis (2003b). (Two errors in this reference are corrected in (15.12.9).) …

12: 31.16 Mathematical Applications

… ►

§31.16(i) Uniformization Problem for Heun’s Equation

… ► thesis “Inversion problem for a second-order linear differential equation with four singular points”. … ►Expansions of Heun polynomial products in terms of Jacobi polynomial (§18.3) products are derived in Kalnins and Miller (1991a, b, 1993) from the viewpoint of interrelation between two bases in a Hilbert space: … ►

31.16.3 $$A_0=\frac{n!}{{\left(\gamma +\delta \right)}_n}{\mathrm{𝐻𝑝}}_{n,m}\left(1\right),Q_0{A}_0+R_0{A}_1=0,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{𝐻𝑝}}_{n,m}(a,q_{n,m};-n,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)$: Heun polynomials, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\gamma$: real or complex parameter, $\delta$: real or complex parameter, $m$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $a$: complex parameter, $q$: real or complex parameter, $\beta$: real or complex parameter, $A_j$: coefficients, $Q_j$ and $R_j$

Referenced by:

§31.16(ii), Erratum (V1.0.21) for Equations (31.16.2) and (31.16.3), Erratum (V1.0.21) for Equations (31.16.2) and (31.16.3)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/31.16.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Correction (effective with 1.0.21):

The initial data $A_0$, previously missing, has now been included.

See also:

Annotations for §31.16(ii), §31.16 and Ch.31

… ►By specifying either $\theta$ or $\varphi$ in (31.16.1) and (31.16.2) we obtain expansions in terms of one variable. …

13: 12.10 Uniform Asymptotic Expansions for Large Parameter

… ►Lastly, the function $g(\mu )$ in (12.10.3) and (12.10.4) has the asymptotic expansion: … ►

§12.10(vi) Modifications of Expansions in Elementary Functions

►In Temme (2000) modifications are given of Olver’s expansions. … ►

Modified Expansions

… ►

14: Errata

… ►

The following additions were made in Chapter 18:

• In Subsection 18.2(i), Equation (18.2.1_5); the paragraph title “Orthogonality on Finite Point Sets” has been changed to “Orthogonality on Countable Sets”, and there are minor changes in the presentation of the final paragraph, including a new equation (18.2.4_5). The presentation of Subsection 18.2(iii) has changed, Equation (18.2.5_5) was added and an extra paragraph on standardizations has been included. The presentation of Subsection 18.2(iv) has changed and it has been expanded with two extra paragraphs and several new equations, (18.2.9_5), (18.2.11_1)–(18.2.11_9). Subsections 18.2(v) (with (18.2.12_5), (18.2.14)–(18.2.17)) and 18.2(vi) (with (18.2.17)–(18.2.20)) have been expanded. New subsections, 18.2(vii)–18.2(xii), with Equations (18.2.21)–(18.2.46),

• A new introduction, minor changes in the presentation, and three new paragraphs.

• Extra details for Chebyshev polynomials, and Equations (18.5.4_5), (18.5.11_1)–(18.5.11_4), (18.5.17_5).

• Line numbers and two extra rows were added to Table 18.8.1.

• Subsection 18.9(i) has been expanded, and 18.9(iii) has some additional explanation. Equations (18.9.2_1), (18.9.2_2), (18.9.18_5) and Table 18.9.2 were added.

• Three extra generating functions, (18.12.2_5), (18.12.3_5), (18.12.17).

• Equation (18.14.3_5). New subsection, 18.14(iv), with Equations (18.14.25)–(18.14.27).

• Equation (18.15.4_5).

• The title of Subsection 18.16(iii) was changed from “Ultraspherical and Legendre” to “Ultraspherical, Legendre and Chebyshev”. New subsection, 18.16(vii) Discriminants, with Equations (18.16.19)–(18.16.21).

• Extra explanatory text at many places and seven extra integrals (18.17.16_5), (18.17.21_1)–(18.17.21_3), (18.17.28_5), (18.17.34_5), (18.17.41_5).

• Extra explanatory text at several places and the title of Subsection 18.18(iv) was changed from “Connection Formulas” to “Connection and Inversion Formulas”.

• A new introduction.

• Equation (18.21.13).

• Extra explanatory text in Subsection 18.25(i) and the title of Subsection 18.25(ii) was changed from “Weights and Normalizations: Continuous Cases” to “Weights and Standardizations: Continuous Cases”.

• In Subsection 18.26(i) an extra paragraph on dualities has been included, with Equations (18.26.4_1), (18.26.4_2).

• Extra text at the start of this section and twenty seven extra formulas, (18.27.4_1), (18.27.4_2), (18.27.6_5), (18.27.9_5), (18.27.12_5), (18.27.14_1)–(18.27.14_6), (18.27.17_1)–(18.27.17_3), (18.27.20_5), (18.27.25), (18.27.26), (18.28.1_5).

• A big expansion. Six extra formulas in Subsection 18.28(ii) ((18.28.6_1)–(18.28.6_5)) and three extra formulas in Subsection 18.28(viii) ((18.28.21)–(18.28.23)). New subsections, 18.28(ix)–18.28(xi), with Equations (18.28.23)–(18.28.34).

• Originally this section did not have subsections. The original seven formulas have now more explanatory text and are split over two subsections. New subsections 18.30(iii)–18.30(viii), with Equations (18.30.8)–(18.30.31).

• This short section has been expanded, with Equation (18.32.2).

• Additional references and a new large subsection, 18.33(vi), including Equations (18.33.17)–(18.33.32).

• This section has been expanded, including an extra orthogonality relations (18.34.5_5), (18.34.7_1)–(18.34.7_3).

• This section on Pollaczek polynomials has been significantly updated with much more explanations and as well to include the Pollaczek polynomials of type 3 which are the most general with three free parameters. The Pollaczek polynomials which were previously treated, namely those of type 1 and type 2 are special cases of the type 3 Pollaczek polynomials. In the first paragraph of this section an extensive description of the relations between the three types of Pollaczek polynomials is given which was lacking previously. Equations (18.35.0_5), (18.35.2_1)–(18.35.2_5), (18.35.4_5), (18.35.6_1)–(18.35.6_6), (18.35.10).

• This section on miscellaneous polynomials has been expanded with new subsections, 18.36(v) on non-classical Laguerre polynomials and 18.36(vi) with examples of exceptional orthogonal polynomials, with Equations (18.36.1)–(18.36.10). In the titles of Subsections 18.36(ii) and 18.36(iii) we replaced “OP’s” by “Orthogonal Polynomials”.

• The paragraphs of Subsection 18.38(i) have been re-ordered and one paragraph was added. The title of Subsection 18.38(ii) was changed from “Classical OP’s: Other Applications” to “Classical OP’s: Mathematical Developments and Applications”. Subsection 18.38(iii) has been expanded with seven new paragraphs, and Equations (18.38.4)–(18.38.11).

• This section was completely rewritten. The previous 18.39(i) Quantum Mechanics has been replaced by Subsections 18.39(i) Quantum Mechanics and 18.39(ii) A 3D Separable Quantum System, the Hydrogen Atom, containing the same essential information; the original content of the subsection is reproduced below for reference. Subsection 18.39(ii) was moved to 18.39(v) Other Applications. New subsections, 18.39(iii) Non Classical Weight Functions of Utility in DVR Method in the Physical Sciences, 18.39(iv) Coulomb–Pollaczek Polynomials and J-Matrix Methods; Equations (18.39.7)–(18.39.48); and Figures 18.39.1, 18.39.2.

  The original text of 18.39(i) Quantum Mechanics was:

  “Classical OP’s appear when the time-dependent Schrödinger equation is solved by separation of variables. Consider, for example, the one-dimensional form of this equation for a particle of mass $m$ with potential energy $V(x)$:

  errata.1 $$\left(\frac{-{\mathrm{\hslash }}^2}{2m}\frac{{\partial }^2}{{\partial x}^2}+V(x)\right)\psi (x,t)=i\mathrm{\hslash }\frac{\partial }{\partial t}\psi (x,t),$$

  where $\mathrm{\hslash }$ is the reduced Planck’s constant. On substituting $\psi (x,t)=\eta (x)\zeta (t)$, we obtain two ordinary differential equations, each of which involve the same constant $E$. The equation for $\eta (x)$ is

  errata.2 $$\frac{d^2\eta }{{dx}^2}+\frac{2m}{{\mathrm{\hslash }}^2}\left(E-V(x)\right)\eta =0.$$

  For a harmonic oscillator, the potential energy is given by

  errata.3 $$V(x)=\frac{1}{2}m{\omega }^2{x}^2,$$

  where $\omega$ is the angular frequency. For (18.39.2) to have a nontrivial bounded solution in the interval , the constant $E$ (the total energy of the particle) must satisfy

  errata.4 $$E=E_n=\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)\mathrm{\hslash }\omega ,$$ $n=0,1,2,\mathrm{\dots }$.

  The corresponding eigenfunctions are

  errata.5 $${\eta }_n(x)={\pi }^{-\frac{1}{4}}{2}^{-\frac{1}{2}n}{(n!b)}^{-\frac{1}{2}}{H}_n\left(x/b\right){\mathrm{e}}^{-x^2/2b^2},$$

  where $b={(\mathrm{\hslash }/m\omega )}^{1/2}$, and $H_n$ is the Hermite polynomial. For further details, see Seaborn (1991, p. 224) or Nikiforov and Uvarov (1988, pp. 71-72).

  A second example is provided by the three-dimensional time-independent Schrödinger equation

  errata.6 $${\nabla }^2\psi +\frac{2m}{{\mathrm{\hslash }}^2}\left(E-V(𝐱)\right)\psi =0,$$

  when this is solved by separation of variables in spherical coordinates (§1.5(ii)). The eigenfunctions of one of the separated ordinary differential equations are Legendre polynomials. See Seaborn (1991, pp. 69-75).

  For a third example, one in which the eigenfunctions are Laguerre polynomials, see Seaborn (1991, pp. 87-93) and Nikiforov and Uvarov (1988, pp. 76-80 and 320-323).”

• The old section is now Subsection 18.40(i) and a large new subsection, 18.40(ii), on the classical moment problem has been added, with formulae (18.40.1)–(18.40.10) and Figures 18.40.1, 18.40.2.

…

15: Bibliography D

… ►

Computation of the incomplete gamma function ratios and their inverses. ACM Trans. Math. Software 12 (4), pp. 377–393.

ⓘ

External Links:

ISSN 0098-3500, Document, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§8.12, §8.25(iii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

►

Algorithm 654: Fortran subroutines for computing the incomplete gamma function ratios and their inverses. ACM Trans. Math. Software 13 (3), pp. 318–319.

ⓘ

Notes:

Single-precision Fortran, maximum accuracy 14D.

External Links:

ISSN 0098-3500, Document, GAMS (module 654; package TOMS), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

1st item.

Encodings:

BibTeX

… ►

Asymptotic Expansions: Their Derivation and Interpretation. Academic Press, London-New York.

ⓘ

External Links:

MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

(11.11.11), §11.6(i), §11.6(iii), §2.11(v), Ch.2, §8.1, Notations, Notations.

Encodings:

BibTeX

… ►

On the high-order coefficients in the uniform asymptotic expansion for the incomplete gamma function. Methods Appl. Anal. 5 (3), pp. 223–247.

ⓘ

External Links:

ISSN 1073-2772, Pdf, MathReview (John G. Stalker), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§8.12.

Encodings:

BibTeX

… ►

Error analysis in a uniform asymptotic expansion for the generalised exponential integral. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 80 (1), pp. 127–161.

ⓘ

External Links:

ISSN 0377-0427, Document, MathReview (Eberhard Wagner), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§2.11(iii), §8.20(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

…

16: 9.8 Modulus and Phase

… ►Graphs of $M\left(x\right)$ and $N\left(x\right)$ are included in §9.3(i). … ►

§9.8(iv) Asymptotic Expansions

… ►For higher terms in (9.8.22) and (9.8.23) see Fabijonas et al. (2004). Also, approximate values (25S) of the coefficients of the powers $x^{-15}$, $x^{-18}$, $\mathrm{\dots }$, $x^{-56}$ are available in Sherry (1959).

17: 1.9 Calculus of a Complex Variable

… ► … ► … ►provided that in both cases $C$ is described in the positive rotational (anticlockwise) sense. … ►Then the expansions (1.9.54), (1.9.57), and (1.9.60) hold for all sufficiently small $\left|z\right|$. … ►

§1.9(vii) Inversion of Limits

…

18: 19.20 Special Cases

… ►In this subsection, and also §§19.20(ii)–19.20(v), the variables of all $R$-functions satisfy the constraints specified in §19.16(i) unless other conditions are stated. … ►When the variables are real and distinct, the various cases of $R_J(x,y,z,p)$ are called circular (hyperbolic) cases if $(p-x)(p-y)(p-z)$ is positive (negative), because they typically occur in conjunction with inverse circular (hyperbolic) functions. Cases encountered in dynamical problems are usually circular; hyperbolic cases include Cauchy principal values. …Since , $p$ is in a hyperbolic region. In the complete case ($x=0$) (19.20.14) reduces to …