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11: 25.13 Periodic Zeta Function

… ►The notation $F(x,s)$ is used for the polylogarithm ${\mathrm{Li}}_s\left({\mathrm{e}}^{2\pi \mathrm{i}x}\right)$ with $x$ real: ►

25.13.1 $$F(x,s)\equiv \sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\mathrm{e}}^{2\pi \mathrm{i}nx}}{n^s},$$

ⓘ

Defines:

$F(x,s)$: periodic zeta function

Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\equiv$: equals by definition, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

definition, infinite series, series representation

Source:

Apostol (1976, (9), p. 257)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.13.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.13 and Ch.25

… ► $F(x,s)$ is periodic in $x$ with period 1, and equals $\zeta \left(s\right)$ when $x$ is an integer. … ►

25.13.2 $$F(x,s)=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(1-s\right)}{{(2\pi )}^{1-s}}\left({\mathrm{e}}^{\pi \mathrm{i}(1-s)/2}\zeta (1-s,x)+{\mathrm{e}}^{\pi \mathrm{i}(s-1)/2}\zeta (1-s,1-x)\right),$$ , $\mathrm{\Re }s>1$,

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $F(x,s)$: periodic zeta function, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

connection formula

Source:

Apostol (1976, Exercise 2, p. 273)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.13.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.13 and Ch.25

►

25.13.3 $$\zeta (1-s,x)=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(s\right)}{{(2\pi )}^s}\left({\mathrm{e}}^{-\pi \mathrm{i}s/2}F(x,s)+{\mathrm{e}}^{\pi \mathrm{i}s/2}F(-x,s)\right),$$ $\mathrm{\Re }s>0$ if ; $\mathrm{\Re }s>1$ if $x=1$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $F(x,s)$: periodic zeta function, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

connection formula

Source:

Apostol (1976, (10), p. 257)

Notes:

This formula is equivalent to (25.11.9).

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.1.4) for Equation (25.13.3)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.13.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.13 and Ch.25

12: 34.9 Graphical Method

§34.9 Graphical Method

… ►For specific examples of the graphical method of representing sums involving the $\mathit{3}j,\mathit{6}j$, and $\mathit{9}j$ symbols, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, Chapters 11, 12) and Lehman and O’Connell (1973, §3.3).

13: 34.10 Zeros

§34.10 Zeros

►In a $\mathit{3}j$ symbol, if the three angular momenta $j_1,j_2,j_3$ do not satisfy the triangle conditions (34.2.1), or if the projective quantum numbers do not satisfy (34.2.3), then the $\mathit{3}j$ symbol is zero. Similarly the $\mathit{6}j$ symbol (34.4.1) vanishes when the triangle conditions are not satisfied by any of the four $\mathit{3}j$ symbols in the summation. …Such zeros are called nontrivial zeros. ►For further information, including examples of nontrivial zeros and extensions to $\mathit{9}j$ symbols, see Srinivasa Rao and Rajeswari (1993, pp. 133–215, 294–295, 299–310).

14: 34.13 Methods of Computation

§34.13 Methods of Computation

►Methods of computation for $\mathit{3}j$ and $\mathit{6}j$ symbols include recursion relations, see Schulten and Gordon (1975a), Luscombe and Luban (1998), and Edmonds (1974, pp. 42–45, 48–51, 97–99); summation of single-sum expressions for these symbols, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, §§8.2.6, 9.2.1) and Fang and Shriner (1992); evaluation of the generalized hypergeometric functions of unit argument that represent these symbols, see Srinivasa Rao and Venkatesh (1978) and Srinivasa Rao (1981). ►For $\mathit{9}j$ symbols, methods include evaluation of the single-sum series (34.6.2), see Fang and Shriner (1992); evaluation of triple-sum series, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, §10.2.1) and Srinivasa Rao et al. (1989). …

15: 34.7 Basic Properties: $\mathit{9}j$ Symbol

§34.7 Basic Properties: $\mathit{9}j$ Symbol

… ►

§34.7(ii) Symmetry

… ►

§34.7(iv) Orthogonality

… ►

§34.7(vi) Sums

… ►It constitutes an addition theorem for the $\mathit{9}j$ symbol. …

16: 16.4 Argument Unity

… ►The function ${}_{q+1}{}^{}F_q^{}(𝐚;𝐛;z)$ is well-poised if … ►See Raynal (1979) for a statement in terms of $\mathit{3}j$ symbols (Chapter 34). … ► … ►Transformations for both balanced ${}_4{}^{}F_3^{}\left(1\right)$ and very well-poised ${}_7{}^{}F_6^{}\left(1\right)$ are included in Bailey (1964, pp. 56–63). A similar theory is available for very well-poised ${}_9{}^{}F_8^{}\left(1\right)$’s which are 2-balanced. …

17: 15.4 Special Cases

… ►

$$F(a,b;a;z)={(1-z)}^{-b},$$

… ►

15.4.31 $$F(a,\frac{1}{2}+a;\frac{3}{2}-2a;-\frac{1}{3})={\left(\frac{8}{9}\right)}^{-2a}\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{3}{2}-2a\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{4}{3}-2a\right)}.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $F(a,b;c;z)$ or $F(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a,b}{c};z)$: $={}_2{}^{}F_1^{}(a,b;c;z)$ Gauss’ hypergeometric function and $a$: real or complex parameter

Referenced by:

§15.4(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.4.E31

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §15.4(iii), §15.4 and Ch.15

►

15.4.32 $$F(a,\frac{1}{2}+a;\frac{5}{6}+\frac{2}{3}a;\frac{1}{9})=\sqrt{\pi }{\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)}^a\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{5}{6}+\frac{2}{3}a\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}a\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{3}a\right)}.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $F(a,b;c;z)$ or $F(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a,b}{c};z)$: $={}_2{}^{}F_1^{}(a,b;c;z)$ Gauss’ hypergeometric function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter and $a$: real or complex parameter

Referenced by:

§15.4(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.4.E32

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §15.4(iii), §15.4 and Ch.15

… ►where the limit interpretation (15.2.6), rather than (15.2.5), has to be taken when in (15.4.33) $a=-\frac{1}{3},-\frac{4}{3},-\frac{7}{3},\mathrm{\dots }$, and in (15.4.34) $a=0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$. …

18: 34.1 Special Notation

… ► ►►

$2j_1,2j_2,2j_3,2l_1,2l_2,2l_3$	nonnegative integers.
…

►The main functions treated in this chapter are the Wigner $\mathit{3}j,\mathit{6}j,\mathit{9}j$ symbols, respectively, … ►An often used alternative to the $\mathit{3}j$ symbol is the Clebsch–Gordan coefficient …For other notations for $\mathit{3}j$, $\mathit{6}j$, $\mathit{9}j$ symbols, see Edmonds (1974, pp. 52, 97, 104–105) and Varshalovich et al. (1988, §§8.11, 9.10, 10.10).

19: 15.8 Transformations of Variable

… ►Alternatively, if $b-a$ is a negative integer, then we interchange $a$ and $b$ in $𝐅(a,b;c;z)$. … ►The hypergeometric functions that correspond to Groups 3 and 4 have a nonlinear function of $z$ as variable. The transformation formulas between two hypergeometric functions in Group 2, or two hypergeometric functions in Group 3, are the linear transformations (15.8.1). … ►

Group 1 $⟶$ Group 3

… ►

Group 2 $⟶$ Group 3

…

20: 9.4 Maclaurin Series

… ►

9.4.1 $$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)=\mathrm{Ai}\left(0\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{3!}{z}^3+\frac{1\cdot 4}{6!}{z}^6+\frac{1\cdot 4\cdot 7}{9!}{z}^9+\mathrm{\cdots }\right)+{\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(0\right)\left(z+\frac{2}{4!}{z}^4+\frac{2\cdot 5}{7!}{z}^7+\frac{2\cdot 5\cdot 8}{10!}{z}^{10}+\mathrm{\cdots }\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$) and $z$: complex variable

Source:

Olver (1997b, p. 54)

A&S Ref:

10.4.2 (with 10.4.4 and 10.4.5)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.4.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §9.4 and Ch.9

►

9.4.2 $${\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(z\right)={\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(0\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{3!}{z}^3+\frac{2\cdot 5}{6!}{z}^6+\frac{2\cdot 5\cdot 8}{9!}{z}^9+\mathrm{\cdots }\right)+\mathrm{Ai}\left(0\right)\left(\frac{1}{2!}{z}^2+\frac{1\cdot 4}{5!}{z}^5+\frac{1\cdot 4\cdot 7}{8!}{z}^8+\mathrm{\cdots }\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$) and $z$: complex variable

Proof sketch:

Use methods of Olver (1997b, p. 54).

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.4.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §9.4 and Ch.9

►

9.4.3 $$\mathrm{Bi}\left(z\right)=\mathrm{Bi}\left(0\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{3!}{z}^3+\frac{1\cdot 4}{6!}{z}^6+\frac{1\cdot 4\cdot 7}{9!}{z}^9+\mathrm{\cdots }\right)+{\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(0\right)\left(z+\frac{2}{4!}{z}^4+\frac{2\cdot 5}{7!}{z}^7+\frac{2\cdot 5\cdot 8}{10!}{z}^{10}+\mathrm{\cdots }\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Bi}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$) and $z$: complex variable

Proof sketch:

Use methods of Olver (1997b, p. 54).

A&S Ref:

10.4.3 (with 10.4.4 and 10.4.5)

Referenced by:

(9.12.15)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.4.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §9.4 and Ch.9

►

9.4.4 $${\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(z\right)={\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(0\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{3!}{z}^3+\frac{2\cdot 5}{6!}{z}^6+\frac{2\cdot 5\cdot 8}{9!}{z}^9+\mathrm{\cdots }\right)+\mathrm{Bi}\left(0\right)\left(\frac{1}{2!}{z}^2+\frac{1\cdot 4}{5!}{z}^5+\frac{1\cdot 4\cdot 7}{8!}{z}^8+\mathrm{\cdots }\right).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Bi}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$) and $z$: complex variable

Proof sketch:

Use methods of Olver (1997b, p. 54).

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.4.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §9.4 and Ch.9