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1: 25.13 Periodic Zeta Function

… ►The notation $F(x,s)$ is used for the polylogarithm ${\mathrm{Li}}_s\left({\mathrm{e}}^{2\pi \mathrm{i}x}\right)$ with $x$ real: ►

25.13.1 $$F(x,s)\equiv \sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\mathrm{e}}^{2\pi \mathrm{i}nx}}{n^s},$$

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Defines:

$F(x,s)$: periodic zeta function

Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\equiv$: equals by definition, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

definition, infinite series, series representation

Source:

Apostol (1976, (9), p. 257)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.13.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.13 and Ch.25

… ►

25.13.2 $$F(x,s)=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(1-s\right)}{{(2\pi )}^{1-s}}\left({\mathrm{e}}^{\pi \mathrm{i}(1-s)/2}\zeta (1-s,x)+{\mathrm{e}}^{\pi \mathrm{i}(s-1)/2}\zeta (1-s,1-x)\right),$$ , $\mathrm{\Re }s>1$,

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $F(x,s)$: periodic zeta function, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

connection formula

Source:

Apostol (1976, Exercise 2, p. 273)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.13.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.13 and Ch.25

►

25.13.3 $$\zeta (1-s,x)=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(s\right)}{{(2\pi )}^s}\left({\mathrm{e}}^{-\pi \mathrm{i}s/2}F(x,s)+{\mathrm{e}}^{\pi \mathrm{i}s/2}F(-x,s)\right),$$ $\mathrm{\Re }s>0$ if ; $\mathrm{\Re }s>1$ if $x=1$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $F(x,s)$: periodic zeta function, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

connection formula

Source:

Apostol (1976, (10), p. 257)

Notes:

This formula is equivalent to (25.11.9).

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.1.4) for Equation (25.13.3)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.13.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.13 and Ch.25

2: 29.3 Definitions and Basic Properties

… ►For each pair of values of $\nu$ and $k$ there are four infinite unbounded sets of real eigenvalues $h$ for which equation (29.2.1) has even or odd solutions with periods $2K$ or $4K$. … ►They are called Lamé functions with real periods and of order $\nu$ , or more simply, Lamé functions. …

3: 29.12 Definitions

… ►

Table 29.12.1: Lamé polynomials.

► ►►

$\nu$	eigenvalue $h$	eigenfunction $w(z)$	polynomial form	real period	imag. period	parity of $w(z)$	parity of $w(z-K)$	parity of $w(z-K-\mathrm{i}{K}^{\prime })$
…

►

…

4: 25.2 Definition and Expansions

… ►

25.2.9 $$\zeta \left(s\right)=\sum _{k=1}^N\frac{1}{k^s}+\frac{N^{1-s}}{s-1}-\frac{1}{2}{N}^{-s}+\sum _{k=1}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2k-2}{2k-1}\right)\frac{B_{2k}}{2k}{N}^{1-s-2k}-\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2n}{2n+1}\right){\int }_N^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\tilde{B}}_{2n+1}\left(x\right)}{x^{s+2n+1}}dx,$$ $\mathrm{\Re }s>-2n$; $n,N=1,2,3,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $k$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

Euler–Maclaurin formula, improper integral

Proof sketch:

Derivable from (25.2.8) by repeated integration by parts.

Referenced by:

§25.18(i), (25.2.10)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.2.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.2(iii), §25.2 and Ch.25

►

25.2.10 $$\zeta \left(s\right)=\frac{1}{s-1}+\frac{1}{2}+\sum _{k=1}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2k-2}{2k-1}\right)\frac{B_{2k}}{2k}-\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2n}{2n+1}\right){\int }_1^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\tilde{B}}_{2n+1}\left(x\right)}{x^{s+2n+1}}dx,$$ $\mathrm{\Re }s>-2n$, $n=1,2,3,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $k$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

Euler–Maclaurin formula

Proof sketch:

Derivable from (25.2.9) with $N=1$.

A&S Ref:

23.2.3

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.2.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.2(iii), §25.2 and Ch.25

…

5: 25.11 Hurwitz Zeta Function

… ►

25.11.6 $$\zeta (s,a)=\frac{1}{a^s}\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{a}{s-1}\right)-\frac{s(s+1)}{2}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2}{{(x+a)}^{s+2}}dx,$$ $s\ne 1$, $\mathrm{\Re }s>-1$, $a>0$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $x$: real variable, $a$: real or complex parameter and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

Euler–Maclaurin formula, improper integral

Source:

Apostol (1985a, (25), p. 231)

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.0.12) for Equations (25.11.6), (25.11.19), and (25.11.20)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.11.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Errata (effective with 1.0.12):

Originally the integrand was incorrect because its numerator contained the function ${\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)$. The correct function is $\frac{{\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2}{2}$.

Reported 2016-05-08 by Clemens Heuberger

See also:

Annotations for §25.11(iii), §25.11 and Ch.25

►

25.11.7 $$\zeta (s,a)=\frac{1}{a^s}+\frac{1}{{(1+a)}^s}\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1+a}{s-1}\right)+\sum _{k=1}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2k-2}{2k-1}\right)\frac{B_{2k}}{2k}\frac{1}{{(1+a)}^{s+2k-1}}-\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2n}{2n+1}\right){\int }_1^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\tilde{B}}_{2n+1}\left(x\right)}{{(x+a)}^{s+2n+1}}dx,$$ $s\ne 1$, $a>0$, $n=1,2,3,\mathrm{\dots }$, $\mathrm{\Re }s>-2n$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $k$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable, $a$: real or complex parameter and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

Euler–Maclaurin formula, improper integral

Proof sketch:

Derivable from (25.11.5) by setting $N=1$ and repeatedly integrating by parts using (1.2.6), (24.2.2), (24.2.4), (24.2.11), (24.2.12), (24.4.34).

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.11.E7

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.11(iii), §25.11 and Ch.25

… ►

25.11.19 $${\zeta }^{\prime }(s,a)=-\frac{\ln a}{a^s}\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{a}{s-1}\right)-\frac{a^{1-s}}{{(s-1)}^2}+\frac{s(s+1)}{2}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{({\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2)\ln \left(x+a\right)}{{(x+a)}^{s+2}}dx-\frac{(2s+1)}{2}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2}{{(x+a)}^{s+2}}dx,$$ $\mathrm{\Re }s>-1$, $s\ne 1$, $a>0$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $x$: real variable, $a$: real or complex parameter, $s$: complex variable and $k$: integer

Keywords:

derivative

Source:

Apostol (1985a, fourth equation, p. 231); with $k=1$, ${\phi }_2(x)=\frac{1}{2}({\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2)$

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.0.12) for Equations (25.11.6), (25.11.19), and (25.11.20)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.11.E19

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Errata (effective with 1.0.12):

Originally both integrands were incorrect because their numerators contained the function ${\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)$. The correct function is $\frac{{\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2}{2}$.

Reported 2016-06-27 by Gergő Nemes

See also:

Annotations for §25.11(vi), §25.11(vi), §25.11 and Ch.25

►

25.11.20 $${(-1)}^k{\zeta }^{(k)}(s,a)=\frac{{(\ln a)}^k}{a^s}\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{a}{s-1}\right)+k!a^{1-s}\sum _{r=0}^{k-1}\frac{{(\ln a)}^r}{r!{(s-1)}^{k-r+1}}-\frac{s(s+1)}{2}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{({\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2){(\ln \left(x+a\right))}^k}{{(x+a)}^{s+2}}dx+\frac{k(2s+1)}{2}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{({\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2){(\ln \left(x+a\right))}^{k-1}}{{(x+a)}^{s+2}}dx-\frac{k(k-1)}{2}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{({\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2){(\ln \left(x+a\right))}^{k-2}}{{(x+a)}^{s+2}}dx,$$ $\mathrm{\Re }s>-1$, $s\ne 1$, $a>0$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\int$: integral, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $x$: real variable, $a$: real or complex parameter, $s$: complex variable and $k$: integer

Keywords:

derivative

Source:

Apostol (1985a, fourth equation, p. 231); with ${\phi }_2(x)=\frac{1}{2}({\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2)$

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.0.12) for Equations (25.11.6), (25.11.19), and (25.11.20)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.11.E20

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Errata (effective with 1.0.12):

Originally all three integrands were incorrect because their numerators contained the function ${\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)$. The correct function is $\frac{{\tilde{B}}_2\left(x\right)-B_2}{2}$.

Reported 2016-06-27 by Gergő Nemes

See also:

Annotations for §25.11(vi), §25.11(vi), §25.11 and Ch.25

…

6: 24.2 Definitions and Generating Functions

… ►

${\tilde{E}}_n\left(x+1\right)=-{\tilde{E}}_n\left(x\right)$ , $x\in ℝ$.

…

7: 3.5 Quadrature

… ►If in addition $f$ is periodic, $f\in C^k(ℝ)$, and the integral is taken over a period, then … ►The integrand can be extended as a periodic $C^{\mathrm{\infty }}$ function on $ℝ$ with period $2\pi$ and as noted in §3.5(i), the trapezoidal rule is exceptionally efficient in this case. …

8: 24.17 Mathematical Applications

… ►

24.17.2 $$R_m(n)=\frac{1}{2(m-1)!}{\int }_a^n{f}^{(m)}(x){\tilde{E}}_{m-1}\left(h-x\right)dx.$$

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Symbols:

$dx$: differential of $x$ , $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\int$: integral, ${\tilde{E}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Euler functions, $m$: integer, $x$: real or complex, $h$: parameter, $a$: integer, $n$: integer, $f^{(m)}(x)$: integrable function and $R_m(n)$: remainder

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.17.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.17(i), §24.17(i), §24.17 and Ch.24

… ►

24.17.3 $$S_n(x)=\frac{{\tilde{E}}_n\left(x+\frac{1}{2}n+\frac{1}{2}\right)}{{\tilde{E}}_n\left(\frac{1}{2}n+\frac{1}{2}\right)},$$ $n=0,1,\mathrm{\dots }$,

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Symbols:

${\tilde{E}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Euler functions, $n$: integer and $x$: real or complex

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.17.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.17(ii), §24.17(ii), §24.17 and Ch.24

… ►

24.17.5

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $n$: integer, $x$: real or complex and $M_n(x)$: function

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.17.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.17(ii), §24.17(ii), §24.17 and Ch.24

… ►

24.17.8 $$F(x)={\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)-2^{-n}{B}_n$$

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $n$: integer and $x$: real or complex

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.17.E8

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.17(ii), §24.17(ii), §24.17 and Ch.24

…

9: 22.2 Definitions

… ►As a function of $z$, with fixed $k$, each of the 12 Jacobian elliptic functions is doubly periodic, having two periods whose ratio is not real. …

10: 29.10 Lamé Functions with Imaginary Periods

§29.10 Lamé Functions with Imaginary Periods

… ►

29.10.1 $$h=\nu (\nu +1)-h^{\prime },$$

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Symbols:

$h$: real parameter and $\nu$: real parameter

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/29.10.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §29.10 and Ch.29

►

29.10.2 $$z^{\prime }=\mathrm{i}(z-K-\mathrm{i}{K}^{\prime }),$$

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Symbols:

$K^{\prime }\left(k\right)$: Legendre’s complementary complete elliptic integral of the first kind, $K\left(k\right)$: Legendre’s complete elliptic integral of the first kind, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $z$: complex variable and $k$: real parameter

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/29.10.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §29.10 and Ch.29

… ►

29.10.3 $$\frac{d^{2}w}{{d{z}^{\prime }}^2}+(h^{\prime }-\nu (\nu +1)k_{}^{\prime }{}_{}{}^2{\mathrm{sn}}^2(z^{\prime },k^{\prime }))w=0.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{sn}(z,k)$: Jacobian elliptic function, $\frac{df}{dx}$: derivative of $f$ with respect to $x$ , $z$: complex variable, $h$: real parameter, $k$: real parameter, $\nu$: real parameter and $w(z)$: solution

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/29.10.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §29.10 and Ch.29

… ►The first and the fourth functions have period $2\mathrm{i}{K}^{\prime }$; the second and the third have period $4\mathrm{i}{K}^{\prime }$. …