expansion of arbitrary function

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11: 11.9 Lommel Functions

… ►where $A$, $B$ are arbitrary constants, $s_{\mu ,\nu }\left(z\right)$ is the Lommel function defined by … ►

11.9.9 $$S_{\mu ,\nu }\left(z\right)\sim z^{\mu -1}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k{a}_k(-\mu ,\nu )z^{-2k},$$ $z\to \mathrm{\infty }$, .

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Symbols:

$S_{\mu ,\nu }\left(z\right)$: Lommel function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: real or complex order, $k$: nonnegative integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant and $a_k(\mu ,\nu )$: expansion function

Referenced by:

§11.9(iii), §11.9(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/11.9.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §11.9(iii), §11.9 and Ch.11

…

12: 33.12 Asymptotic Expansions for Large $\eta$

… ►The first set is in terms of Airy functions and the expansions are uniform for fixed $\mathrm{\ell }$ and , where $\delta$ is an arbitrary small positive constant. …

13: 12.9 Asymptotic Expansions for Large Variable

… ►

12.9.1 $$U(a,z)\sim {\mathrm{e}}^{-\frac{1}{4}{z}^2}{z}^{-a-\frac{1}{2}}\sum _{s=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^s\frac{{\left(\frac{1}{2}+a\right)}_{2s}}{s!{(2z^2)}^s},$$ ,

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Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $U(a,z)$: parabolic cylinder function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $s$: nonnegative integer, $a$: real or complex parameter and $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant

A&S Ref:

19.8.1 (modification of)

Referenced by:

§12.9(i), §12.9(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/12.9.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §12.9(i), §12.9 and Ch.12

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12.9.2 $$V(a,z)\sim \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi }}{\mathrm{e}}^{\frac{1}{4}{z}^2}{z}^{a-\frac{1}{2}}\sum _{s=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(\frac{1}{2}-a\right)}_{2s}}{s!{(2z^2)}^s},$$ .

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Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $V(a,z)$: parabolic cylinder function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $s$: nonnegative integer, $a$: real or complex parameter and $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant

A&S Ref:

19.8.2 (modification of)

Referenced by:

§12.9(i), §12.9(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/12.9.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §12.9(i), §12.9 and Ch.12

►

12.9.3 $$U(a,z)\sim {\mathrm{e}}^{-\frac{1}{4}{z}^2}{z}^{-a-\frac{1}{2}}\sum _{s=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^s\frac{{\left(\frac{1}{2}+a\right)}_{2s}}{s!{(2z^2)}^s}\pm \mathrm{i}\frac{\sqrt{2\pi }}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{1}{2}+a\right)}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mp \mathrm{i}\pi a}{\mathrm{e}}^{\frac{1}{4}{z}^2}{z}^{a-\frac{1}{2}}\sum _{s=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(\frac{1}{2}-a\right)}_{2s}}{s!{(2z^2)}^s},$$ $\frac{1}{4}\pi +\delta \le \pm \mathrm{ph}z\le \frac{5}{4}\pi -\delta$ ,

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $U(a,z)$: parabolic cylinder function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $s$: nonnegative integer, $a$: real or complex parameter and $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/12.9.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §12.9(i), §12.9 and Ch.12

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12.9.4 $$V(a,z)\sim \sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi }}{\mathrm{e}}^{\frac{1}{4}{z}^2}{z}^{a-\frac{1}{2}}\sum _{s=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(\frac{1}{2}-a\right)}_{2s}}{s!{(2z^2)}^s}\pm \frac{\mathrm{i}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\frac{1}{2}-a\right)}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\frac{1}{4}{z}^2}{z}^{-a-\frac{1}{2}}\sum _{s=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^s\frac{{\left(\frac{1}{2}+a\right)}_{2s}}{s!{(2z^2)}^s},$$ $-\frac{1}{4}\pi +\delta \le \pm \mathrm{ph}z\le \frac{3}{4}\pi -\delta$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $V(a,z)$: parabolic cylinder function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $s$: nonnegative integer, $a$: real or complex parameter and $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant

Referenced by:

§12.9(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/12.9.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §12.9(i), §12.9 and Ch.12

…

14: 13.7 Asymptotic Expansions for Large Argument

§13.7 Asymptotic Expansions for Large Argument

… ►

§13.7(ii) Error Bounds

… ►

§13.7(iii) Exponentially-Improved Expansion

… ►where $m$ is an arbitrary nonnegative integer, and … ►For extensions to hyperasymptotic expansions see Olde Daalhuis and Olver (1995a).

15: 9.12 Scorer Functions

§9.12 Scorer Functions

… ►where $A$ and $B$ are arbitrary constants, $w_1(z)$ and $w_2(z)$ are any two linearly independent solutions of Airy’s equation (9.2.1), and $p(z)$ is any particular solution of (9.12.1). … ►

§9.12(viii) Asymptotic Expansions

… ►As $z\to \mathrm{\infty }$, and with $\delta$ denoting an arbitrary small positive constant, … ►

Integrals

…

16: 12.14 The Function $W(a,x)$

§12.14 The Function $W(a,x)$

… ►

§12.14(v) Power-Series Expansions

… ►

§12.14(viii) Asymptotic Expansions for Large Variable

… ►In the following expansions, obtained from Olver (1959), $\mu$ is large and positive, and $\delta$ is again an arbitrary small positive constant. … ► …

17: 14.20 Conical (or Mehler) Functions

… ► … ►

§14.20(v) Trigonometric Expansion

… ►uniformly for $\theta \in (0,\pi -\delta ]$, where $I$ and $K$ are the modified Bessel functions (§10.25(ii)) and $\delta$ is an arbitrary constant such that . For asymptotic expansions and explicit error bounds, see Olver (1997b, pp. 473–474). … ►In this subsection and §14.20(ix), $A$ and $\delta$ denote arbitrary constants such that $A>0$ and . …

18: 13.19 Asymptotic Expansions for Large Argument

§13.19 Asymptotic Expansions for Large Argument

… ►Again, $\delta$ denotes an arbitrary small positive constant. … ►Error bounds and exponentially-improved expansions are derivable by combining §§13.7(ii) and 13.7(iii) with (13.14.2) and (13.14.3). … ►For an asymptotic expansion of $W_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(z\right)$ as $z\to \mathrm{\infty }$ that is valid in the sector $|\mathrm{ph}z|\le \pi -\delta$ and where the real parameters $\kappa$, $\mu$ are subject to the growth conditions $\kappa =o\left(z\right)$, $\mu =o\left(\sqrt{z}\right)$, see Wong (1973a).

19: 13.31 Approximations

§13.31 Approximations

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§13.31(i) Chebyshev-Series Expansions

►Luke (1969b, pp. 35 and 25) provides Chebyshev-series expansions of $M(a,b,x)$ and $U(a,b,x)$ that include the intervals $0\le x\le \alpha$ and , respectively, where $\alpha$ is an arbitrary positive constant. … ►

13.31.2 $$B_n(z)={}_2{}^{}F_2^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-n,n+1}{a+1,b+1};-z).$$

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Defines:

$B_n(z)$: expansion (locally)

Symbols:

${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q};z)$: alternatively ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(𝐚;𝐛;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{𝐚}{𝐛};z)$
generalized hypergeometric function, $n$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/13.31.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §13.31(iii), §13.31 and Ch.13

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13.31.3 $$z^{a}U(a,1+a-b,z)=\underset{n\to \mathrm{\infty }}{lim}\frac{A_n(z)}{B_n(z)}.$$

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Symbols:

$U(a,b,z)$: Kummer confluent hypergeometric function, $n$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable, $A_n(z)$: expansion and $B_n(z)$: expansion

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/13.31.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §13.31(iii), §13.31 and Ch.13

20: 16.5 Integral Representations and Integrals

… ►In this event, the formal power-series expansion of the left-hand side (obtained from (16.2.1)) is the asymptotic expansion of the right-hand side as $z\to 0$ in the sector $|\mathrm{ph}\left(-z\right)|\le (p+1-q-\delta )\pi /2$, where $\delta$ is an arbitrary small positive constant. …