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31: 18.18 Sums

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18.18.1 $$a_n=\frac{n!(2n+\alpha +\beta +1)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(n+\alpha +\beta +1\right)}{2^{\alpha +\beta +1}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(n+\alpha +1\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(n+\beta +1\right)}{\int }_{-1}^{1}f(x)P_n^{(\alpha ,\beta )}\left(x\right){(1-x)}^{\alpha }{(1+x)}^{\beta }dx.$$

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Defines:

$a_n$ (locally)

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $P_n^{(\alpha ,\beta )}\left(x\right)$: Jacobi polynomial, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\int$: integral, $n$: nonnegative integer, $f(z)$: analytic function and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.18(i), §18.18(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.18.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.18(i), §18.18(i), §18.18 and Ch.18

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18.18.5 $$b_n=\frac{n!}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(n+\alpha +1\right)}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}f(x)L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right){\mathrm{e}}^{-x}{x}^{\alpha }dx.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\int$: integral, $n$: nonnegative integer, $f(z)$: analytic function and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.18(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.18.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.18(i), §18.18(i), §18.18 and Ch.18

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18.18.14 $$P_n^{(\gamma ,\beta )}\left(x\right)=\frac{{\left(\beta +1\right)}_n}{{\left(\alpha +\beta +2\right)}_n}\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^n\frac{\alpha +\beta +2\mathrm{\ell }+1}{\alpha +\beta +1}\frac{{\left(\alpha +\beta +1\right)}_{\mathrm{\ell }}{\left(n+\beta +\gamma +1\right)}_{\mathrm{\ell }}}{{\left(\beta +1\right)}_{\mathrm{\ell }}{\left(n+\alpha +\beta +2\right)}_{\mathrm{\ell }}}\frac{{\left(\gamma -\alpha \right)}_{n-\mathrm{\ell }}}{(n-\mathrm{\ell })!}{P}_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{(\alpha ,\beta )}\left(x\right),$$

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Symbols:

$P_n^{(\alpha ,\beta )}\left(x\right)$: Jacobi polynomial, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.17(vi), §18.18(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.18.E14

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.18(iv), §18.18(iv), §18.18 and Ch.18

… ►See Andrews et al. (1999, Lemma 7.1.1) for the more general expansion of $P_n^{(\gamma ,\delta )}\left(x\right)$ in terms of $P_n^{(\alpha ,\beta )}\left(x\right)$. … ►

18.18.27 $$\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{n!L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(y\right)}{{\left(\alpha +1\right)}_n}{z}^n=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\alpha +1\right){(xyz)}^{-\frac{1}{2}\alpha }}{1-z}\exp \left(\frac{-(x+y)z}{1-z}\right)I_{\alpha }\left(\frac{2{(xyz)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{1-z}\right),$$ .

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\exp z$: exponential function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $I_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: modified Bessel function of the first kind, $y$: real variable, $z$: complex variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.18(vii), §18.18(vii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.18.E27

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.18(vii), §18.18(vii), §18.18 and Ch.18

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32: 5.11 Asymptotic Expansions

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5.11.8 $$\mathrm{Ln}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z+h\right)\sim \left(z+h-\frac{1}{2}\right)\ln z-z+\frac{1}{2}\ln \left(2\pi \right)+\sum _{k=2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-1)}^k{B}_k\left(h\right)}{k(k-1)z^{k-1}},$$

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Symbols:

$B_n\left(x\right)$: Bernoulli polynomials, $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $[a,b]$: closed interval, $\mathrm{Ln}z$: general logarithm function, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, $k$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

Referenced by:

§12.10(ii), (5.11.8), §5.11(i), §5.11(ii), Erratum (V1.0.10) for Equations (5.9.10), (5.9.11), (5.10.1), (5.11.1), (5.11.8), Erratum (V1.0.11) for Equation (5.11.8)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.11.E8

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Generalization (effective with 1.0.11):

Originally $h$ in (5.11.8) was unnecessarily restricted to lie in the interval $[0,1]$. In fact, $h$ may lie anywhere in the complex plane.

Suggested 2015-02-28 by Nico Temme

Addition (effective with 1.0.10):

To increase the region of validity of this equation, the logarithm of the gamma function that appears on its left-hand side has been changed to $\mathrm{Ln}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z+h\right)$, where $\mathrm{Ln}$ is the general logarithm. Originally $\ln \mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z+h\right)$ was used, where $\ln$ is the principal branch of the logarithm.

Suggested 2015-02-13 by Philippe Spindel

See also:

Annotations for §5.11(i), §5.11(i), §5.11 and Ch.5

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33: 18.34 Bessel Polynomials

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18.34.5_5 $$\frac{2^{1-a}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(1-a\right)}{\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}{y}_n(x;a)y_m(x;a)x^{a-2}{\mathrm{e}}^{-2x^{-1}}dx=\frac{1-a}{1-a-2n}\frac{n!}{{\left(2-a-n\right)}_n}{\delta }_{n,m},$$ $m,n=0,1,\mathrm{\dots },N=\lceil -(1+a)/2\rceil$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$y_n(x;a)$: Bessel polynomial, $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\delta }_{j,k}$: Kronecker delta, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\lceil x\rceil$: ceiling of $x$ , $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\int$: integral, $N$: positive integer, $m$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Proved:

Lesky (1996, p.183, case a.3))(proved)

Sources:

Romanovski (1929, Type V); Koekoek et al. (2010, (9.13.2))

Referenced by:

(18.34.7_3), §18.34(ii), §18.34(iii), Erratum (V1.2.0) Section 18.34

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.34.E5_5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.2.0):

This equation was added.

See also:

Annotations for §18.34(ii), §18.34 and Ch.18

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34: 18.25 Wilson Class: Definitions

… ►Table 18.25.1 lists the transformations of variable, orthogonality ranges, and parameter constraints that are needed in §18.2(i) for the Wilson polynomials $W_n(x;a,b,c,d)$, continuous dual Hahn polynomials $S_n(x;a,b,c)$, Racah polynomials $R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )$, and dual Hahn polynomials $R_n(x;\gamma ,\delta ,N)$. ►

Table 18.25.1: Wilson class OP’s: transformations of variable, orthogonality ranges, and parameter constraints.

► ►►►

OP	$p_n(x)$	$x=\lambda (y)$	Orthogonality range for $y$	Constraints
…
Racah	$R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )$	$y(y+\gamma +\delta +1)$	$\{0,1,\mathrm{\dots },N\}$	$\alpha +1$ or $\beta +\delta +1$ or $\gamma +1=-N;$ for further constraints see (18.25.1)
…

►

… ►

18.25.10 $$p_n(x)=R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ),$$ $\alpha +1=-N$,

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Symbols:

$R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )$: Racah polynomial, $N$: positive integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant, $p_n(x)$: polynomial of degree $n$ , $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.25(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.25.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.25(iii), §18.25(iii), §18.25 and Ch.18

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18.25.13 $$p_n(x)=R_n(x;\gamma ,\delta ,N),$$

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Symbols:

$R_n(x;\gamma ,\delta ,N)$: dual Hahn polynomial, $N$: positive integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant, $p_n(x)$: polynomial of degree $n$ , $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.25(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.25.E13

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.25(iii), §18.25(iii), §18.25 and Ch.18

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18.25.15 $$h_n=\frac{n!(N-n)!{\left(\gamma +\delta +2\right)}_N}{N!{\left(\gamma +1\right)}_n{\left(\delta +1\right)}_{N-n}}.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $N$: positive integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant, $n$: nonnegative integer and $h_n$

Referenced by:

§18.25(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.25.E15

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.25(iii), §18.25(iii), §18.25 and Ch.18

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35: 31.5 Solutions Analytic at Three Singularities: Heun Polynomials

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31.5.2 $${\mathrm{𝐻𝑝}}_{n,m}(a,q_{n,m};-n,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)=H\mathrm{\ell }(a,q_{n,m};-n,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)$$

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Defines:

${\mathrm{𝐻𝑝}}_{n,m}(a,q_{n,m};-n,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)$: Heun polynomials

Symbols:

$H\mathrm{\ell }(a,q;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)$: Heun functions, $z$: complex variable, $\gamma$: real or complex parameter, $\delta$: real or complex parameter, $m$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $a$: complex parameter, $q$: real or complex parameter and $\beta$: real or complex parameter

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/31.5.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §31.5 and Ch.31

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36: 18.26 Wilson Class: Continued

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18.26.4_1 $$R_n(y(y+\gamma +\delta +1);\gamma ,\delta ,N)=Q_y(n;\gamma ,\delta ,N),$$

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Symbols:

$Q_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,N)$: Hahn polynomial, $R_n(x;\gamma ,\delta ,N)$: dual Hahn polynomial, $y$: real variable, $N$: positive integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant and $n$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§18.26(i), Erratum (V1.2.0) Section 18.26

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E4_1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.2.0):

This equation was added.

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(i), §18.26(i), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.4_2 $$R_n(y(y+\gamma +\delta +1);\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )=R_y(n(n+\alpha +\beta +1);\gamma ,\delta ,\alpha ,\beta ).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )$: Racah polynomial, $y$: real variable, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant and $n$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§18.26(i), Erratum (V1.2.0) Section 18.26

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E4_2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.2.0):

This equation was added.

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(i), §18.26(i), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.9 $$\underset{\beta \to \mathrm{\infty }}{lim}{R}_n(x;-N-1,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )=R_n(x;\gamma ,\delta ,N).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )$: Racah polynomial, $R_n(x;\gamma ,\delta ,N)$: dual Hahn polynomial, $N$: positive integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.26(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(ii), §18.26(ii), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.10 $$\underset{\delta \to \mathrm{\infty }}{lim}{R}_n(x(x+\gamma +\delta +1);\alpha ,\beta ,-N-1,\delta )=Q_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,N).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$Q_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,N)$: Hahn polynomial, $R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )$: Racah polynomial, $N$: positive integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.26(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(ii), §18.26(ii), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.16 $$\frac{{\mathrm{\Delta }}_y\left(R_n(y(y+\gamma +\delta +1);\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )\right)}{{\mathrm{\Delta }}_y\left(y(y+\gamma +\delta +1)\right)}=\frac{n(n+\alpha +\beta +1)}{(\alpha +1)(\beta +\delta +1)(\gamma +1)}{R}_{n-1}(y(y+\gamma +\delta +2);\alpha +1,\beta +1,\gamma +1,\delta ).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )$: Racah polynomial, $\mathrm{\Delta }$: forward difference operator, $y$: real variable, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant and $n$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§16.4(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E16

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(iii), §18.26 and Ch.18

…

37: 3.11 Approximation Techniques

… ►For splines based on Bernoulli and Euler polynomials, see §24.17(ii). …

38: 18.17 Integrals

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18.17.9 $$\frac{{(1-x)}^{\alpha +\mu }{P}_n^{(\alpha +\mu ,\beta -\mu )}\left(x\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\alpha +\mu +n+1\right)}={\int }_x^1\frac{{(1-y)}^{\alpha }{P}_n^{(\alpha ,\beta )}\left(y\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\alpha +n+1\right)}\frac{{(y-x)}^{\mu -1}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\mu \right)}dy,$$ $\mu >0$, ,

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $P_n^{(\alpha ,\beta )}\left(x\right)$: Jacobi polynomial, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $y$: real variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§1.15(vi), §18.17(iv), §18.17(iv), §18.17(viii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.17.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.17(iv), §18.17(iv), §18.17 and Ch.18

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18.17.12 $$\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\lambda -\mu \right)C_n^{(\lambda -\mu )}\left(x^{-\frac{1}{2}}\right)}{x^{\lambda -\mu +\frac{1}{2}n}}={\int }_x^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\lambda \right)C_n^{(\lambda )}\left(y^{-\frac{1}{2}}\right)}{y^{\lambda +\frac{1}{2}n}}\frac{{(y-x)}^{\mu -1}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\mu \right)}dy,$$ $\lambda >\mu >0$, $x>0$,

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $C_n^{(\lambda )}\left(x\right)$: ultraspherical (or Gegenbauer) polynomial, $y$: real variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.17(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.17.E12

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.17(iv), §18.17(iv), §18.17 and Ch.18

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18.17.14 $$\frac{x^{\alpha +\mu }{L}_n^{(\alpha +\mu )}\left(x\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\alpha +\mu +n+1\right)}={\int }_0^x\frac{y^{\alpha }{L}_n^{(\alpha )}\left(y\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\alpha +n+1\right)}\frac{{(x-y)}^{\mu -1}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\mu \right)}dy,$$ $\mu >0$, $x>0$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $y$: real variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

A&S Ref:

22.13.13

Referenced by:

§18.17(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.17.E14

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.17(iv), §18.17(iv), §18.17 and Ch.18

►

18.17.15 $${\mathrm{e}}^{-x}{L}_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)={\int }_x^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\mathrm{e}}^{-y}{L}_n^{(\alpha +\mu )}\left(y\right)\frac{{(y-x)}^{\mu -1}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\mu \right)}dy,$$ $\mu >0$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\int$: integral, $y$: real variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.17(iv), §18.17(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.17.E15

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.17(iv), §18.17(iv), §18.17 and Ch.18

… ►

18.17.28_5 $${\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\mathrm{e}}^{-x}{x}^{\alpha }{L}_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right){\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}xy}dx=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\alpha +n+1\right){(-\mathrm{i}y)}^n}{n!{\left(1-\mathrm{i}y\right)}^{\alpha +n+1}},$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\int$: integral, $y$: real variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.17(v), Erratum (V1.2.0) Section 18.17

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.17.E28_5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.17(v), §18.17(v), §18.17 and Ch.18

…

39: 25.6 Integer Arguments

… ►

§25.6(i) Function Values

…

40: Errata

… ►

18.12.2 $${}_0{}^{}𝐅_1^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-}{\alpha +1};\frac{(x-1)z}{2}){}_0{}^{}𝐅_1^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-}{\beta +1};\frac{(x+1)z}{2})={\left(\frac{1}{2}(1-x)z\right)}^{-\frac{1}{2}\alpha }{J}_{\alpha }\left(\sqrt{2(1-x)z}\right){\left(\frac{1}{2}(1+x)z\right)}^{-\frac{1}{2}\beta }{I}_{\beta }\left(\sqrt{2(1+x)z}\right)=\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{P_n^{(\alpha ,\beta )}\left(x\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(n+\alpha +1\right)\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(n+\beta +1\right)}{z}^n$$

This equation was updated to include on the left-hand side, its definition in terms of a product of two ${}_0{}^{}𝐅_1^{}$ functions.

… ►

18.35.5 $${\int }_{-1}^1{P}_n^{(\lambda )}(x;a,b)P_m^{(\lambda )}(x;a,b)w^{(\lambda )}(x;a,b)dx=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(2\lambda +n\right)}{n!(\lambda +a+n)}{\delta }_{n,m},$$ $a\ge b\ge -a$, $\lambda >0$

This equation was updated to give the full normalization. Previously the constraints on $a$, $b$ and $\lambda$ were given in (18.35.6) and included $\lambda >-\frac{1}{2}$. The case is now discussed in (18.35.6_2)–(18.35.6_4).

… ►

8.7.6 $$\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,x)=x^a{\mathrm{e}}^{-x}\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{L_n^{(a)}\left(x\right)}{n+1},$$ $x>0$,

The constraint was updated to include “”.

Suggested by Walter Gautschi on 2022-10-14

… ►

31.16.2

$xy=a{\sin }^2\theta {\cos }^2\varphi ,$

$(x-1)(y-1)=(1-a){\sin }^2\theta {\sin }^2\varphi ,$

$(x-a)(y-a)=a(a-1){\cos }^2\theta$

31.16.3 $$A_0=\frac{n!}{{\left(\gamma +\delta \right)}_n}{\mathrm{𝐻𝑝}}_{n,m}\left(1\right),Q_0{A}_0+R_0{A}_1=0$$

Originally $x,y$ were incorrectly defined by the set of equations (31.16.2), given previously as “$x={\sin }^2\theta {\cos }^2\varphi ,$ $y={\sin }^2\theta {\sin }^2\varphi$”. In fact, $x,y$ are implicitly defined by the corrected set of equations. In (31.16.3), the initial data $A_0$, previously missing, has now been included.

… ►

The generalized hypergeometric function of matrix argument ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q;𝐓)$, was linked inadvertently as its single variable counterpart ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q;𝐓)$. Furthermore, the Jacobi function of matrix argument $P_{\nu }^{(\gamma ,\delta )}\left(𝐓\right)$, and the Laguerre function of matrix argument $L_{\nu }^{(\gamma )}\left(𝐓\right)$, were also linked inadvertently (and incorrectly) in terms of the single variable counterparts given by $P_{\nu }^{(\gamma ,\delta )}\left(𝐓\right)$, and $L_{\nu }^{(\gamma )}\left(𝐓\right)$. In order to resolve these inconsistencies, these functions now link correctly to their respective definitions.

…