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1: 1.5 Calculus of Two or More Variables

… ►and the second order term in (1.5.18) is positive definite (negative definite), that is, …

2: 18.34 Bessel Polynomials

… ►The full system satisfies orthogonality with respect to a (not positive definite) moment functional; see Evans et al. (1993, (2.7)) for the simple expression of the moments ${\mu }_n$. Explicit (but complicated) weight functions $w(x)$ taking both positive and negative values have been found such that (18.2.26) holds with $d\mu (x)=w(x)dx$; see Durán (1993), Evans et al. (1993), and Maroni (1995). …

3: 25.11 Hurwitz Zeta Function

… ►

25.11.30 $$\zeta (s,a)=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(1-s\right)}{2\pi \mathrm{i}}{\int }_{-\mathrm{\infty }}^{(0+)}\frac{{\mathrm{e}}^{az}{z}^{s-1}}{1-{\mathrm{e}}^z}dz,$$ $s\ne 1$, $\mathrm{\Re }a>0$,

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $a$: real or complex parameter, $s$: complex variable and $z$: complex variable

Keywords:

contour integral, integral representation

Source:

Erdélyi et al. (1953a, (1.10.5), p. 25); with $z=-t$

Proof sketch:

This contour integral uses Hankel’s contour Figure 5.9.1. Assume $\mathrm{\Re }s>1$, collapse the integration path onto the negative real axis, apply (25.11.25), followed by analytic continuation for all $s\ne 1$, $\mathrm{\Re }a>0$, since the integrand is analytic in $z$, the convergence at the ends of the path is exponential for all $s\ne -1$ and the Hankel contour can be kept well clear of the singularity at the origin in the $z$-plane.

Referenced by:

§25.11(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.11.E30

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.11(vii), §25.11 and Ch.25

►where the integration contour is a loop around the negative real axis as described for (25.5.20). … ►

25.11.32 $${\int }_0^a{x}^n\psi \left(x\right)dx={(-1)}^{n-1}{\zeta }^{\prime }\left(-n\right)+{(-1)}^n{H}_n\frac{B_{n+1}}{n+1}-\sum _{k=0}^n{(-1)}^k\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{n}{k}\right)H_k\frac{B_{k+1}(a)}{k+1}{a}^{n-k}+\sum _{k=0}^n{(-1)}^k\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{n}{k}\right){\zeta }^{\prime }(-k,a)a^{n-k},$$ $n=1,2,\mathrm{\dots }$, $\mathrm{\Re }a>0$,

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\psi \left(z\right)$: psi (or digamma) function, $H_n$: harmonic number, $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $k$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable, $a$: real or complex parameter and $h(n)$: harmonic number

Keywords:

definite integral, integral representation

Source:

Adamchik (1998, (17), p. 197)

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.1.4) for Notation

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.11.E32

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Notation (effective with 1.1.4):

The notation previously used for the harmonic number $h(n)$ (resp. $h(k)$) has been replaced to be $H_n$ (resp. $H_k$).

Suggested 2021-08-23 by Gergő Nemes

See also:

Annotations for §25.11(viii), §25.11 and Ch.25

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25.11.34 $$n{\int }_0^a{\zeta }^{\prime }(1-n,x)dx={\zeta }^{\prime }(-n,a)-{\zeta }^{\prime }\left(-n\right)+\frac{B_{n+1}-B_{n+1}\left(a\right)}{n(n+1)},$$ $n=1,2,\mathrm{\dots }$, $\mathrm{\Re }a>0$.

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $B_n\left(x\right)$: Bernoulli polynomials, $\zeta (s,a)$: Hurwitz zeta function, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable and $a$: real or complex parameter

Keywords:

definite integral, integral representation

Source:

Adamchik (1998, (15), p. 196)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.11.E34

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.11(viii), §25.11 and Ch.25

…

4: 33.14 Definitions and Basic Properties

… ►When and $\mathrm{\ell }>{(-ϵ)}^{-1/2}$ the quantity $A(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell })$ may be negative, causing $s(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ and $c(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ to become imaginary. … ►

33.14.15 $${\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\varphi }_{m,\mathrm{\ell }}(r){\varphi }_{n,\mathrm{\ell }}(r)dr={\delta }_{m,n}.$$

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Symbols:

${\delta }_{j,k}$: Kronecker delta, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $r$: real variable and ${\varphi }_{n,\mathrm{\ell }}(r)$: function

Proof sketch:

Derivable from (33.14.14) by combining it with Dunkl (2003, Theorem 2.2).

Referenced by:

§13.10(vi), §13.23(v), §33.14(iv), Erratum (V1.0.24) for Equation (33.14.15), Erratum (V1.0.24) for Subsection 33.14(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.14.E15

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Clarification (effective with 1.0.24):

This equation, originally written as a definite integral ${\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\varphi }_{n,\mathrm{\ell }}^2(r)dr=1$, was rewritten more generally as an orthonormality relation.

See also:

Annotations for §33.14(iv), §33.14 and Ch.33

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