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21: Bibliography L
  • R. E. Langer (1934) The solutions of the Mathieu equation with a complex variable and at least one parameter large. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 36 (3), pp. 637–695.
  • H. T. Lau (1995) A Numerical Library in C for Scientists and Engineers. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
  • H. T. Lau (2004) A Numerical Library in Java for Scientists & Engineers. Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, FL.
  • J. L. López and P. J. Pagola (2010) The confluent hypergeometric functions M ( a , b ; z ) and U ( a , b ; z ) for large b and z . J. Comput. Appl. Math. 233 (6), pp. 1570–1576.
  • J. L. López (1999) Asymptotic expansions of the Whittaker functions for large order parameter. Methods Appl. Anal. 6 (2), pp. 249–256.
  • 22: Bibliography I
  • IMSL (commercial C, Fortran, and Java libraries) IMSL Nuerical Libraries..
  • K. Inkeri (1959) The real roots of Bernoulli polynomials. Ann. Univ. Turku. Ser. A I 37, pp. 1–20.
  • A. R. Its, A. S. Fokas, and A. A. Kapaev (1994) On the asymptotic analysis of the Painlevé equations via the isomonodromy method. Nonlinearity 7 (5), pp. 1291–1325.
  • A. R. Its and A. A. Kapaev (1987) The method of isomonodromic deformations and relation formulas for the second Painlevé transcendent. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 51 (4), pp. 878–892, 912 (Russian).
  • A. R. Its and A. A. Kapaev (1998) Connection formulae for the fourth Painlevé transcendent; Clarkson-McLeod solution. J. Phys. A 31 (17), pp. 4073–4113.
  • 23: 19.36 Methods of Computation
    When the differences are moderately small, the iteration is stopped, the elementary symmetric functions of certain differences are calculated, and a polynomial consisting of a fixed number of terms of the sum in (19.19.7) is evaluated. … where, in the notation of (19.19.7) with a = 1 2 and n = 3 , … A summary for F ( ϕ , k ) is given in Gautschi (1975, §3). … Descending Gauss transformations of Π ( ϕ , α 2 , k ) (see (19.8.20)) are used in Fettis (1965) to compute a large table (see §19.37(iii)). … For computation of Legendre’s integral of the third kind, see Abramowitz and Stegun (1964, §§17.7 and 17.8, Examples 15, 17, 19, and 20). …
    24: 11.6 Asymptotic Expansions
    §11.6(i) Large | z | , Fixed ν
    §11.6(ii) Large | ν | , Fixed z
    §11.6(iii) Large | ν | , Fixed z / ν
    c 3 ( λ ) = 20 λ 6 4 λ 4 ,
    25: Bibliography K
  • R. B. Kearfott, M. Dawande, K. Du, and C. Hu (1994) Algorithm 737: INTLIB: A portable Fortran 77 interval standard-function library. ACM Trans. Math. Software 20 (4), pp. 447–459.
  • M. K. Kerimov (1980) Methods of computing the Riemann zeta-function and some generalizations of it. USSR Comput. Math. and Math. Phys. 20 (6), pp. 212–230.
  • A. V. Kitaev and A. H. Vartanian (2004) Connection formulae for asymptotics of solutions of the degenerate third Painlevé equation. I. Inverse Problems 20 (4), pp. 1165–1206.
  • U. J. Knottnerus (1960) Approximation Formulae for Generalized Hypergeometric Functions for Large Values of the Parameters. J. B. Wolters, Groningen.
  • T. H. Koornwinder (2009) The Askey scheme as a four-manifold with corners. Ramanujan J. 20 (3), pp. 409–439.
  • 26: 12.11 Zeros
    If a > 1 2 , then V ( a , x ) has no positive real zeros, and if a = 3 2 2 n , n , then V ( a , x ) has a zero at x = 0 .
    §12.11(ii) Asymptotic Expansions of Large Zeros
    When a > 1 2 the zeros are asymptotically given by z a , s and z a , s ¯ , where s is a large positive integer and …
    §12.11(iii) Asymptotic Expansions for Large Parameter
    For large negative values of a the real zeros of U ( a , x ) , U ( a , x ) , V ( a , x ) , and V ( a , x ) can be approximated by reversion of the Airy-type asymptotic expansions of §§12.10(vii) and 12.10(viii). …
    27: 9.18 Tables
  • Miller (1946) tabulates Ai ( x ) , Ai ( x ) for x = 20 ( .01 ) 2 ; log 10 Ai ( x ) , Ai ( x ) / Ai ( x ) for x = 0 ( .1 ) 25 ( 1 ) 75 ; Bi ( x ) , Bi ( x ) for x = 10 ( .1 ) 2.5 ; log 10 Bi ( x ) , Bi ( x ) / Bi ( x ) for x = 0 ( .1 ) 10 ; M ( x ) , N ( x ) , θ ( x ) , ϕ ( x ) (respectively F ( x ) , G ( x ) , χ ( x ) , ψ ( x ) ) for x = 80 ( 1 ) 30 ( .1 ) 0 . Precision is generally 8D; slightly less for some of the auxiliary functions. Extracts from these tables are included in Abramowitz and Stegun (1964, Chapter 10), together with some auxiliary functions for large arguments.

  • Zhang and Jin (1996, p. 337) tabulates Ai ( x ) , Ai ( x ) , Bi ( x ) , Bi ( x ) for x = 0 ( 1 ) 20 to 8S and for x = 20 ( 1 ) 0 to 9D.

  • Miller (1946) tabulates a k , Ai ( a k ) , a k , Ai ( a k ) , k = 1 ( 1 ) 50 ; b k , Bi ( b k ) , b k , Bi ( b k ) , k = 1 ( 1 ) 20 . Precision is 8D. Entries for k = 1 ( 1 ) 20 are reproduced in Abramowitz and Stegun (1964, Chapter 10).

  • Sherry (1959) tabulates a k , Ai ( a k ) , a k , Ai ( a k ) , k = 1 ( 1 ) 50 ; 20S.

  • Zhang and Jin (1996, p. 339) tabulates a k , Ai ( a k ) , a k , Ai ( a k ) , b k , Bi ( b k ) , b k , Bi ( b k ) , k = 1 ( 1 ) 20 ; 8D.

  • 28: 2.11 Remainder Terms; Stokes Phenomenon
    with m a large integer. … In order to guard against this kind of error remaining undetected, the wanted function may need to be computed by another method (preferably nonasymptotic) for the smallest value of the (large) asymptotic variable x that is intended to be used. … However, on combining (2.11.6) with the connection formula (8.19.18), with m = 1 , we derive … For large ρ the integrand has a saddle point at t = e i θ . … For example, using double precision d 20 is found to agree with (2.11.31) to 13D. …
    29: 30.9 Asymptotic Approximations and Expansions
    §30.9(i) Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions
    The asymptotic behavior of λ n m ( γ 2 ) and a n , k m ( γ 2 ) as n in descending powers of 2 n + 1 is derived in Meixner (1944). The cases of large m , and of large m and large | γ | , are studied in Abramowitz (1949). …The behavior of λ n m ( γ 2 ) for complex γ 2 and large | λ n m ( γ 2 ) | is investigated in Hunter and Guerrieri (1982).
    30: 3.4 Differentiation
    where A k n is as in (3.3.10). …
    B 2 5 = 1 120 ( 6 10 t 15 t 2 + 20 t 3 5 t 4 ) ,
    where C is a simple closed contour described in the positive rotational sense such that C and its interior lie in the domain of analyticity of f , and x 0 is interior to C . Taking C to be a circle of radius r centered at x 0 , we obtain … With the choice r = k (which is crucial when k is large because of numerical cancellation) the integrand equals e k at the dominant points θ = 0 , 2 π , and in combination with the factor k k in front of the integral sign this gives a rough approximation to 1 / k ! . …