Laurent polynomial

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1: 18.38 Mathematical Applications

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Zhedanov Algebra

►A symmetric Laurent polynomial is a function of the form …Define operators $K_0$ and $K_1$ acting on symmetric Laurent polynomials by $K_0=L$ ($L$ given by (18.28.6_2)) and $(K_{1}f)(z)=(z+z^{-1})f(z)$. … ►The Dunkl type operator is a $q$-difference-reflection operator acting on Laurent polynomials and its eigenfunctions, the nonsymmetric Askey–Wilson polynomials, are linear combinations of the symmetric Laurent polynomial $R_n(z;a,b,c,d|q)$ and the ‘anti-symmetric’ Laurent polynomial $z^{-1}(1-az)(1-bz)R_{n-1}(z;qa,qb,c,d|q)$, where $R_n(z)$ is given in (18.28.1_5). …

2: Bibliography H

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Orthogonal Laurent polynomials. Nederl. Akad. Wetensch. Indag. Math. 48 (1), pp. 17–36.

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External Links:

ISSN 0019-3577, Document, MathReview (W. J. Thron), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§18.33(v).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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3: 18.33 Polynomials Orthogonal on the Unit Circle

… ►See Gasper (1981) and Hendriksen and van Rossum (1986) for relations with Laurent polynomials orthogonal on the unit circle. …

4: Bibliography C

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Basic hypergeometric functions and orthogonal Laurent polynomials. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 140 (6), pp. 2075–2089.

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External Links:

ISSN 0002-9939, Link, MathReview (Roelof Koekoek), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§18.33(iv).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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5: 25.2 Definition and Expansions

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25.2.4 $$\zeta \left(s\right)=\frac{1}{s-1}+\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-1)}^n}{n!}{\gamma }_n{(s-1)}^n,$$

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Symbols:

$\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, ${\gamma }_n$: Stieltjes constants, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $n$: nonnegative integer and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

infinite series, Laurent series

Sources:

Hardy (1912, p. 216); mistakenly missing factor of ${(-1)}^n/n!$; Ivić (1985, (1.11), p. 4)

A&S Ref:

23.2.5 (with unnecessary constraint removed)

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.0.17) for Equation (25.2.4), Erratum (V1.0.23) for Subsection 25.2(ii) Other Infinite Series

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.2.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Clarification (effective with 1.0.17):

Originally this equation had the constraint $\mathrm{\Re }s>0$. This constraint is unnecessary because, as stated after (25.2.1), $\zeta \left(s\right)$ is meromorphic with a simple pole at $s=1$.

Suggested 2017-12-05 by John Harper

See also:

Annotations for §25.2(ii), §25.2 and Ch.25

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25.2.9 $$\zeta \left(s\right)=\sum _{k=1}^N\frac{1}{k^s}+\frac{N^{1-s}}{s-1}-\frac{1}{2}{N}^{-s}+\sum _{k=1}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2k-2}{2k-1}\right)\frac{B_{2k}}{2k}{N}^{1-s-2k}-\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2n}{2n+1}\right){\int }_N^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\tilde{B}}_{2n+1}\left(x\right)}{x^{s+2n+1}}dx,$$ $\mathrm{\Re }s>-2n$; $n,N=1,2,3,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $k$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

Euler–Maclaurin formula, improper integral

Proof sketch:

Derivable from (25.2.8) by repeated integration by parts.

Referenced by:

§25.18(i), (25.2.10)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.2.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.2(iii), §25.2 and Ch.25

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25.2.10 $$\zeta \left(s\right)=\frac{1}{s-1}+\frac{1}{2}+\sum _{k=1}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2k-2}{2k-1}\right)\frac{B_{2k}}{2k}-\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{s+2n}{2n+1}\right){\int }_1^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\tilde{B}}_{2n+1}\left(x\right)}{x^{s+2n+1}}dx,$$ $\mathrm{\Re }s>-2n$, $n=1,2,3,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$: periodic Bernoulli functions, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $k$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $x$: real variable and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

Euler–Maclaurin formula

Proof sketch:

Derivable from (25.2.9) with $N=1$.

A&S Ref:

23.2.3

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.2.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.2(iii), §25.2 and Ch.25

►For $B_{2k}$ see §24.2(i), and for ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$ see §24.2(iii). …

6: 2.10 Sums and Sequences

… ►As in §24.2, let $B_n$ and $B_n\left(x\right)$ denote the $n$th Bernoulli number and polynomial, respectively, and ${\tilde{B}}_n\left(x\right)$ the $n$th Bernoulli periodic function $B_n\left(x-\lfloor x\rfloor \right)$. … ►

§2.10(iv) Taylor and Laurent Coefficients: Darboux’s Method

►Let $f(z)$ be analytic on the annulus , with Laurent expansion … ►

The coefficients in the Laurent expansion

2.10.27 $$g(z)=\sum _{n=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{g}_n{z}^n,$$ ,

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Symbols:

$r$: radious of annulus, $g(z)$: comparison function and $g_n$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/2.10.E27

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §2.10(iv), §2.10 and Ch.2

have known asymptotic behavior as $n\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$.

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Example

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