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11: 34.9 Graphical Method

§34.9 Graphical Method

… ►For specific examples of the graphical method of representing sums involving the $\mathit{3}j,\mathit{6}j$, and $\mathit{9}j$ symbols, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, Chapters 11, 12) and Lehman and O’Connell (1973, §3.3).

12: 34.10 Zeros

… ►Such zeros are called nontrivial zeros. ►For further information, including examples of nontrivial zeros and extensions to $\mathit{9}j$ symbols, see Srinivasa Rao and Rajeswari (1993, pp. 133–215, 294–295, 299–310).

13: 34.13 Methods of Computation

… ►Methods of computation for $\mathit{3}j$ and $\mathit{6}j$ symbols include recursion relations, see Schulten and Gordon (1975a), Luscombe and Luban (1998), and Edmonds (1974, pp. 42–45, 48–51, 97–99); summation of single-sum expressions for these symbols, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, §§8.2.6, 9.2.1) and Fang and Shriner (1992); evaluation of the generalized hypergeometric functions of unit argument that represent these symbols, see Srinivasa Rao and Venkatesh (1978) and Srinivasa Rao (1981). ►For $\mathit{9}j$ symbols, methods include evaluation of the single-sum series (34.6.2), see Fang and Shriner (1992); evaluation of triple-sum series, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, §10.2.1) and Srinivasa Rao et al. (1989). …

14: 34.7 Basic Properties: $\mathit{9}j$ Symbol

§34.7 Basic Properties: $\mathit{9}j$ Symbol

… ►

§34.7(ii) Symmetry

… ►

§34.7(iv) Orthogonality

… ►

§34.7(vi) Sums

… ►It constitutes an addition theorem for the $\mathit{9}j$ symbol. …

15: 16.24 Physical Applications

… ►

§16.24(iii) $\mathit{3}j$, $\mathit{6}j$, and $\mathit{9}j$ Symbols

… ►Lastly, special cases of the $\mathit{9}j$ symbols are ${}_5{}^{}F_4^{}$ functions with unit argument. …

16: 24.16 Generalizations

… ►For $\mathrm{\ell }=0,1,2,\mathrm{\dots }$, Bernoulli and Euler polynomials of order $\mathrm{\ell }$ are defined respectively by … ►

24.16.2 $${\left(\frac{2}{{\mathrm{e}}^t+1}\right)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}{\mathrm{e}}^{xt}=\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{E}_n^{(\mathrm{\ell })}\left(x\right)\frac{t^n}{n!},$$ .

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $E_n^{(\mathrm{\ell })}\left(x\right)$: generalized Euler polynomials, $\mathrm{\ell }$: integer, $n$: integer, $t$: real or complex and $x$: real or complex

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.16.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.16(i), §24.16(i), §24.16 and Ch.24

►When $x=0$ they reduce to the Bernoulli and Euler numbers of order $\mathrm{\ell }$ : … ►

$E_n^{(\mathrm{\ell })}=E_n^{(\mathrm{\ell })}\left(0\right).$

… ►

24.16.13 $$E_n\left(x\right)=-\frac{2^{1-n}}{n+1}{B}_{n+1,{\chi }_4}(2x-1).$$

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Symbols:

$E_n\left(x\right)$: Euler polynomials, $n$: integer, $x$: real or complex, $\chi (a)$: Dirichlet character and $B_{n,\chi }$: Generalized Bernoulli numbers

Referenced by:

§24.16(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.16.E13

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.16(ii), §24.16 and Ch.24

…

17: 34.1 Special Notation

… ► ►►

$2j_1,2j_2,2j_3,2l_1,2l_2,2l_3$	nonnegative integers.
…

►The main functions treated in this chapter are the Wigner $\mathit{3}j,\mathit{6}j,\mathit{9}j$ symbols, respectively, … ►For other notations for $\mathit{3}j$, $\mathit{6}j$, $\mathit{9}j$ symbols, see Edmonds (1974, pp. 52, 97, 104–105) and Varshalovich et al. (1988, §§8.11, 9.10, 10.10).

18: 9.4 Maclaurin Series

… ►

9.4.1 $$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)=\mathrm{Ai}\left(0\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{3!}{z}^3+\frac{1\cdot 4}{6!}{z}^6+\frac{1\cdot 4\cdot 7}{9!}{z}^9+\mathrm{\cdots }\right)+{\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(0\right)\left(z+\frac{2}{4!}{z}^4+\frac{2\cdot 5}{7!}{z}^7+\frac{2\cdot 5\cdot 8}{10!}{z}^{10}+\mathrm{\cdots }\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$) and $z$: complex variable

Source:

Olver (1997b, p. 54)

A&S Ref:

10.4.2 (with 10.4.4 and 10.4.5)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.4.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §9.4 and Ch.9

►

9.4.2 $${\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(z\right)={\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(0\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{3!}{z}^3+\frac{2\cdot 5}{6!}{z}^6+\frac{2\cdot 5\cdot 8}{9!}{z}^9+\mathrm{\cdots }\right)+\mathrm{Ai}\left(0\right)\left(\frac{1}{2!}{z}^2+\frac{1\cdot 4}{5!}{z}^5+\frac{1\cdot 4\cdot 7}{8!}{z}^8+\mathrm{\cdots }\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$) and $z$: complex variable

Proof sketch:

Use methods of Olver (1997b, p. 54).

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.4.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §9.4 and Ch.9

►

9.4.3 $$\mathrm{Bi}\left(z\right)=\mathrm{Bi}\left(0\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{3!}{z}^3+\frac{1\cdot 4}{6!}{z}^6+\frac{1\cdot 4\cdot 7}{9!}{z}^9+\mathrm{\cdots }\right)+{\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(0\right)\left(z+\frac{2}{4!}{z}^4+\frac{2\cdot 5}{7!}{z}^7+\frac{2\cdot 5\cdot 8}{10!}{z}^{10}+\mathrm{\cdots }\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Bi}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$) and $z$: complex variable

Proof sketch:

Use methods of Olver (1997b, p. 54).

A&S Ref:

10.4.3 (with 10.4.4 and 10.4.5)

Referenced by:

(9.12.15)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.4.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §9.4 and Ch.9

►

9.4.4 $${\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(z\right)={\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(0\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{3!}{z}^3+\frac{2\cdot 5}{6!}{z}^6+\frac{2\cdot 5\cdot 8}{9!}{z}^9+\mathrm{\cdots }\right)+\mathrm{Bi}\left(0\right)\left(\frac{1}{2!}{z}^2+\frac{1\cdot 4}{5!}{z}^5+\frac{1\cdot 4\cdot 7}{8!}{z}^8+\mathrm{\cdots }\right).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Bi}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$) and $z$: complex variable

Proof sketch:

Use methods of Olver (1997b, p. 54).

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.4.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §9.4 and Ch.9

19: 10 Bessel Functions

…

20: 23 Weierstrass Elliptic and Modular
Functions

…