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11: 5.2 Definitions

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§5.2(i) Gamma and Psi Functions

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Euler’s Integral

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5.2.1 $$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)={\int }_0^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\mathrm{e}}^{-t}{t}^{z-1}dt,$$ $\mathrm{\Re }z>0$.

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Defines:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function

Symbols:

$dx$: differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\int$: integral, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

6.1.1

Referenced by:

§10.43(iii), (25.11.27), (25.11.28), (25.5.6), (25.5.7), §5.9(i), §5.9(ii), §8.21(ii), (9.12.17)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.2.E1

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Annotations for §5.2(i), §5.2(i), §5.2 and Ch.5

… ►It is a meromorphic function with no zeros, and with simple poles of residue ${(-1)}^n/n!$ at $z=-n$. … ►

5.2.2 $$\psi \left(z\right)={\mathrm{\Gamma }}^{\prime }\left(z\right)/\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right),$$ $z\ne 0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Defines:

$\psi \left(z\right)$: psi (or digamma) function

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

6.3.1

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.2.E2

Encodings:

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Annotations for §5.2(i), §5.2(i), §5.2 and Ch.5

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12: 20.2 Definitions and Periodic Properties

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§20.2(i) Fourier Series

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§20.2(ii) Periodicity and Quasi-Periodicity

… ►The theta functions are quasi-periodic on the lattice: … ►

§20.2(iii) Translation of the Argument by Half-Periods

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§20.2(iv) $z$-Zeros

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13: 16.13 Appell Functions

§16.13 Appell Functions

►The following four functions of two real or complex variables $x$ and $y$ cannot be expressed as a product of two ${}_2{}^{}F_1^{}$ functions, in general, but they satisfy partial differential equations that resemble the hypergeometric differential equation (15.10.1): ►

16.13.1 $$F_1(\alpha ;\beta ,{\beta }^{\prime };\gamma ;x,y)=\sum _{m,n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(\alpha \right)}_{m+n}{\left(\beta \right)}_m{\left({\beta }^{\prime }\right)}_n}{{\left(\gamma \right)}_{m+n}m!n!}{x}^m{y}^n,$$ ,

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Defines:

$F_1(\alpha ;\beta ,{\beta }^{\prime };\gamma ;x,y)$: first Appell function

Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial) and $!$: factorial (as in $n!$)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/16.13.E1

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Annotations for §16.13 and Ch.16

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16.13.4 $$F_4(\alpha ,\beta ;\gamma ,{\gamma }^{\prime };x,y)=\sum _{m,n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(\alpha \right)}_{m+n}{\left(\beta \right)}_{m+n}}{{\left(\gamma \right)}_m{\left({\gamma }^{\prime }\right)}_{n}m!n!}{x}^m{y}^n,$$ .

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Defines:

$F_4(\alpha ,\beta ;\gamma ,{\gamma }^{\prime };x,y)$: fourth Appell function

Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial) and $!$: factorial (as in $n!$)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/16.13.E4

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Annotations for §16.13 and Ch.16

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14: 15.2 Definitions and Analytical Properties

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§15.2(i) Gauss Series

►The hypergeometric function $F(a,b;c;z)$ is defined by the Gauss series … … ►On the circle of convergence, $|z|=1$, the Gauss series: … ►

§15.2(ii) Analytic Properties

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15: 8.17 Incomplete Beta Functions

§8.17 Incomplete Beta Functions

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§8.17(ii) Hypergeometric Representations

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§8.17(iii) Integral Representation

… ►Further integral representations can be obtained by combining the results given in §8.17(ii) with §15.6. … ►

§8.17(vi) Sums

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16: 25.11 Hurwitz Zeta Function

§25.11 Hurwitz Zeta Function

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§25.11(iii) Representations by the Euler–Maclaurin Formula

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§25.11(iv) Series Representations

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§25.11(vii) Integral Representations

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§25.11(x) Further Series Representations

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17: 17.17 Physical Applications

§17.17 Physical Applications

… ►They were given this name because they play a role in quantum physics analogous to the role of Lie groups and special functions in classical mechanics. See Kassel (1995). …

18: 17.15 Generalizations

§17.15 Generalizations

►For higher-dimensional basic hypergometric functions, see Milne (1985a, b, c, d, 1988, 1994, 1997) and Gustafson (1987).

19: 10.1 Special Notation

… ►(For other notation see Notation for the Special Functions.) … ►For the spherical Bessel functions and modified spherical Bessel functions the order $n$ is a nonnegative integer. For the other functions when the order $\nu$ is replaced by $n$, it can be any integer. For the Kelvin functions the order $\nu$ is always assumed to be real. … ►For older notations see British Association for the Advancement of Science (1937, pp. xix–xx) and Watson (1944, Chapters 1–3).

20: 4.2 Definitions

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§4.2(iii) The Exponential Function

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§4.2(iv) Powers

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Powers with General Bases

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