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21: 25.17 Physical Applications
§25.17 Physical Applications
This relates to a suggestion of Hilbert and Pólya that the zeros are eigenvalues of some operator, and the Riemann hypothesis is true if that operator is Hermitian. … Quantum field theory often encounters formally divergent sums that need to be evaluated by a process of regularization: for example, the energy of the electromagnetic vacuum in a confined space (Casimir–Polder effect). It has been found possible to perform such regularizations by equating the divergent sums to zeta functions and associated functions (Elizalde (1995)).
22: 16.25 Methods of Computation
Methods for computing the functions of the present chapter include power series, asymptotic expansions, integral representations, differential equations, and recurrence relations. They are similar to those described for confluent hypergeometric functions, and hypergeometric functions in §§13.29 and 15.19. There is, however, an added feature in the numerical solution of differential equations and difference equations (recurrence relations). …Instead a boundary-value problem needs to be formulated and solved. …
23: 6.16 Mathematical Applications
Hence, if x is fixed and n , then S n ( x ) 1 4 π , 0 , or 1 4 π according as 0 < x < π , x = 0 , or π < x < 0 ; compare (6.2.14). … Hence if x = π / ( 2 n ) and n , then the limiting value of S n ( x ) overshoots 1 4 π by approximately 18%. … If we assume Riemann’s hypothesis that all nonreal zeros of ζ ( s ) have real part of 1 2 25.10(i)), then …where π ( x ) is the number of primes less than or equal to x . …
See accompanying text
Figure 6.16.2: The logarithmic integral li ( x ) , together with vertical bars indicating the value of π ( x ) for x = 10 , 20 , , 1000 . Magnify
24: 9 Airy and Related Functions
Chapter 9 Airy and Related Functions
25: 11 Struve and Related Functions
Chapter 11 Struve and Related Functions
26: Bibliography L
  • P. W. Lawrence, R. M. Corless, and D. J. Jeffrey (2012) Algorithm 917: complex double-precision evaluation of the Wright ω function. ACM Trans. Math. Software 38 (3), pp. Art. 20, 17.
  • D. J. Leeming (1977) An asymptotic estimate for the Bernoulli and Euler numbers. Canad. Math. Bull. 20 (1), pp. 109–111.
  • S. Lewanowicz (1985) Recurrence relations for hypergeometric functions of unit argument. Math. Comp. 45 (172), pp. 521–535.
  • L. Lorch and M. E. Muldoon (2008) Monotonic sequences related to zeros of Bessel functions. Numer. Algorithms 49 (1-4), pp. 221–233.
  • J. D. Louck (1958) New recursion relation for the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. Phys. Rev. (2) 110 (4), pp. 815–816.
  • 27: Bibliography I
  • K. Inkeri (1959) The real roots of Bernoulli polynomials. Ann. Univ. Turku. Ser. A I 37, pp. 1–20.
  • M. E. H. Ismail, D. R. Masson, and M. Rahman (Eds.) (1997) Special Functions, q -Series and Related Topics. Fields Institute Communications, Vol. 14, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI.
  • M. E. H. Ismail and D. R. Masson (1991) Two families of orthogonal polynomials related to Jacobi polynomials. Rocky Mountain J. Math. 21 (1), pp. 359–375.
  • M. E. H. Ismail and M. E. Muldoon (1995) Bounds for the small real and purely imaginary zeros of Bessel and related functions. Methods Appl. Anal. 2 (1), pp. 1–21.
  • A. R. Its and A. A. Kapaev (1987) The method of isomonodromic deformations and relation formulas for the second Painlevé transcendent. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 51 (4), pp. 878–892, 912 (Russian).
  • 28: 16.24 Physical Applications
    For an extension to two-loop integrals see Moch et al. (2002).
    §16.24(iii) 3 j , 6 j , and 9 j Symbols
    The coefficients of transformations between different coupling schemes of three angular momenta are related to the Wigner 6 j symbols. …
    29: Publications
    DLMF Related Publications
  • B. V. Saunders and Q. Wang (1999) Using Numerical Grid Generation to Facilitate 3D Visualization of Complicated Mathematical Functions, Technical Report NISTIR 6413 (November 1999), National Institute of Standards and Technology. PDF
  • B. V. Saunders and Q. Wang (2000) From 2D to 3D: Numerical Grid Generation and the Visualization of Complex Surfaces, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Numerical Grid Generation in Computational Field Simulations, Whistler, British Columbia, Canada, September 25-28, 2000. PDF
  • B. V. Saunders and Q. Wang (2006) From B-Spline Mesh Generation to Effective Visualizations for the NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions, in Curve and Surface Design, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Curves and Surfaces, Avignon, France June 29–July 5, 2006, pp. 235–243. PDF
  • B. I. Schneider, B. R. Miller and B. V. Saunders (2018) NIST’s Digital Library of Mathematial Functions, Physics Today 71, 2, 48 (2018), pp. 48–53. PDF
  • 30: 25.1 Special Notation
    k , m , n nonnegative integers.
    primes on function symbols: derivatives with respect to argument.
    The main related functions are the Hurwitz zeta function ζ ( s , a ) , the dilogarithm Li 2 ( z ) , the polylogarithm Li s ( z ) (also known as Jonquière’s function ϕ ( z , s ) ), Lerch’s transcendent Φ ( z , s , a ) , and the Dirichlet L -functions L ( s , χ ) .