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1: 9.9 Zeros
§9.9(ii) Relation to Modulus and Phase
2: 9.8 Modulus and Phase
(These definitions of θ ( x ) and ϕ ( x ) differ from Abramowitz and Stegun (1964, Chapter 10), and agree more closely with those used in Miller (1946) and Olver (1997b, Chapter 11).) …
3: 10.21 Zeros
ϕ ν ( y ν , m ) = m π , m = 1 , 2 , .
4: 8.27 Approximations
  • DiDonato (1978) gives a simple approximation for the function F ( p , x ) = x p e x 2 / 2 x e t 2 / 2 t p d t (which is related to the incomplete gamma function by a change of variables) for real p and large positive x . This takes the form F ( p , x ) = 4 x / h ( p , x ) , approximately, where h ( p , x ) = 3 ( x 2 p ) + ( x 2 p ) 2 + 8 ( x 2 + p ) and is shown to produce an absolute error O ( x 7 ) as x .

  • Luke (1969b, p. 186) gives hypergeometric polynomial representations that converge uniformly on compact subsets of the z -plane that exclude z = 0 and are valid for | ph z | < π .

  • Luke (1975, p. 103) gives Chebyshev-series expansions for E 1 ( x ) and related functions for x 5 .

  • Luke (1975, p. 106) gives rational and Padé approximations, with remainders, for E 1 ( z ) and z 1 0 z t 1 ( 1 e t ) d t for complex z with | ph z | π .

  • Verbeeck (1970) gives polynomial and rational approximations for E p ( x ) = ( e x / x ) P ( z ) , approximately, where P ( z ) denotes a quotient of polynomials of equal degree in z = x 1 .

  • 5: 10.68 Modulus and Phase Functions
    §10.68 Modulus and Phase Functions
    §10.68(i) Definitions
    where M ν ( x ) ( > 0 ) , N ν ( x ) ( > 0 ) , θ ν ( x ) , and ϕ ν ( x ) are continuous real functions of x and ν , with the branches of θ ν ( x ) and ϕ ν ( x ) chosen to satisfy (10.68.18) and (10.68.21) as x . …
    §10.68(ii) Basic Properties
    10)), and lim x ( ϕ 1 ( x ) + ( x / 2 ) ) = 5 8 π (Eqs. …
    6: 33.11 Asymptotic Expansions for Large ρ
    33.11.1 H ± ( η , ρ ) e ± i θ ( η , ρ ) k = 0 ( a ) k ( b ) k k ! ( ± 2 i ρ ) k ,
    where θ ( η , ρ ) is defined by (33.2.9), and a and b are defined by (33.8.3). …
    F ( η , ρ ) = g ( η , ρ ) cos θ + f ( η , ρ ) sin θ ,
    33.11.4 H ± ( η , ρ ) = e ± i θ ( f ( η , ρ ) ± i g ( η , ρ ) ) ,
    Here f 0 = 1 , g 0 = 0 , f ^ 0 = 0 , g ^ 0 = 1 ( η / ρ ) , and for k = 0 , 1 , 2 , , …
    7: 33.2 Definitions and Basic Properties
    The function F ( η , ρ ) is recessive (§2.7(iii)) at ρ = 0 , and is defined by … The functions H ± ( η , ρ ) are defined by …the branch of the phase in (33.2.10) being zero when η = 0 and continuous elsewhere. σ ( η ) is the Coulomb phase shift. …
    8: 9.7 Asymptotic Expansions
    Numerical values of χ ( n ) are given in Table 9.7.1 for n = 1 ( 1 ) 20 to 2D. … As z the following asymptotic expansions are valid uniformly in the stated sectors. … where ξ = 2 3 x 3 / 2 . … Corresponding bounds for the errors in (9.7.7) to (9.7.14) may be obtained by use of these results and those of §9.2(v) and their differentiated forms. … And as z with m fixed …
    9: 15.8 Transformations of Variable
    A quadratic transformation relates two hypergeometric functions, with the variable in one a quadratic function of the variable in the other, possibly combined with a fractional linear transformation. … The hypergeometric functions that correspond to Groups 1 and 2 have z as variable. The hypergeometric functions that correspond to Groups 3 and 4 have a nonlinear function of z as variable. … With ζ = e 2 π i / 3 ( 1 z ) / ( z e 4 π i / 3 ) provided that z lies in the intersection of the open disks | z 1 4 ± 1 4 3 i | < 1 2 3 , or equivalently, | ph ( ( 1 z ) / ( 1 + 2 z ) ) | < π / 3 . …
    10: 8.11 Asymptotic Approximations and Expansions
    This expansion is absolutely convergent for all finite z , and it can also be regarded as a generalized asymptotic expansion (§2.1(v)) of γ ( a , z ) as a in | ph a | π δ . …
    §8.11(iii) Large a , Fixed z / a
    §8.11(iv) Large a , Bounded ( x a ) / ( 2 a ) 1 2
    in both cases uniformly with respect to bounded real values of y . …For related expansions involving Hermite polynomials see Pagurova (1965). …