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11: 30.2 Differential Equations
This equation has regular singularities at z = ± 1 with exponents ± 1 2 μ and an irregular singularity of rank 1 at z = (if γ 0 ). … …
12: 33.8 Continued Fractions
33.8.1 F F = S + 1 R + 1 2 T + 1 R + 2 2 T + 2 .
If we denote u = F / F and p + i q = H + / H + , then
F = ± ( q 1 ( u p ) 2 + q ) 1 / 2 ,
F = u F ,
G = q 1 ( u p ) F ,
13: 2.7 Differential Equations
§2.7(i) Regular Singularities: Fuchs–Frobenius Theory
All solutions are analytic at an ordinary point, and their Taylor-series expansions are found by equating coefficients. … In a punctured neighborhood 𝐍 of a regular singularity z 0 Thus a regular singularity has rank 0. … The transformed differential equation either has a regular singularity at t = , or its characteristic equation has unequal roots. …
14: 15.11 Riemann’s Differential Equation
§15.11(i) Equations with Three Singularities
The importance of (15.10.1) is that any homogeneous linear differential equation of the second order with at most three distinct singularities, all regular, in the extended plane can be transformed into (15.10.1). … Cases in which there are fewer than three singularities are included automatically by allowing the choice { 0 , 1 } for exponent pairs. … The reduction of a general homogeneous linear differential equation of the second order with at most three regular singularities to the hypergeometric differential equation is given by …
15: Bibliography S
  • B. I. Schneider, J. Segura, A. Gil, X. Guan, and K. Bartschat (2010) A new Fortran 90 program to compute regular and irregular associated Legendre functions. Comput. Phys. Comm. 181 (12), pp. 2091–2097.
  • A. Sidi (2004) Euler-Maclaurin expansions for integrals with endpoint singularities: A new perspective. Numer. Math. 98 (2), pp. 371–387.
  • A. Sidi (2010) A simple approach to asymptotic expansions for Fourier integrals of singular functions. Appl. Math. Comput. 216 (11), pp. 3378–3385.
  • A. Sidi (2012a) Euler-Maclaurin expansions for integrals with arbitrary algebraic endpoint singularities. Math. Comp. 81 (280), pp. 2159–2173.
  • B. Simon (1995) Operators with Singular Continuous Spectrum: I. General Operators. Annals of Mathematics 141 (1), pp. 131–145.
  • 16: Bibliography L
  • P. W. Lawrence, R. M. Corless, and D. J. Jeffrey (2012) Algorithm 917: complex double-precision evaluation of the Wright ω function. ACM Trans. Math. Software 38 (3), pp. Art. 20, 17.
  • W. Lay and S. Yu. Slavyanov (1999) Heun’s equation with nearby singularities. Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 455, pp. 4347–4361.
  • D. J. Leeming (1977) An asymptotic estimate for the Bernoulli and Euler numbers. Canad. Math. Bull. 20 (1), pp. 109–111.
  • S. Lewanowicz (1991) Evaluation of Bessel function integrals with algebraic singularities. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 37 (1-3), pp. 101–112.
  • X. Li, X. Shi, and J. Zhang (1991) Generalized Riemann ζ -function regularization and Casimir energy for a piecewise uniform string. Phys. Rev. D 44 (2), pp. 560–562.
  • 17: 25.17 Physical Applications
    Quantum field theory often encounters formally divergent sums that need to be evaluated by a process of regularization: for example, the energy of the electromagnetic vacuum in a confined space (Casimir–Polder effect). It has been found possible to perform such regularizations by equating the divergent sums to zeta functions and associated functions (Elizalde (1995)).
    18: 33.23 Methods of Computation
    The power-series expansions of §§33.6 and 33.19 converge for all finite values of the radii ρ and r , respectively, and may be used to compute the regular and irregular solutions. … Thus the regular solutions can be computed from the power-series expansions (§§33.6, 33.19) for small values of the radii and then integrated in the direction of increasing values of the radii. … This implies decreasing for the regular solutions and increasing for the irregular solutions of §§33.2(iii) and 33.14(iii). … §33.8 supplies continued fractions for F / F and H ± / H ± . Combined with the Wronskians (33.2.12), the values of F , G , and their derivatives can be extracted. …
    19: 15.10 Hypergeometric Differential Equation
    It has regular singularities at z = 0 , 1 , , with corresponding exponent pairs { 0 , 1 c } , { 0 , c a b } , { a , b } , respectively. …They are also numerically satisfactory (§2.7(iv)) in the neighborhood of the corresponding singularity.
    Singularity z = 0
    Singularity z = 1
    Singularity z =
    20: 33.5 Limiting Forms for Small ρ , Small | η | , or Large
    F ( η , ρ ) C ( η ) ρ + 1 ,
    F ( η , ρ ) ( + 1 ) C ( η ) ρ .
    F ( 0 , ρ ) = ρ 𝗃 ( ρ ) ,
    F 0 ( 0 , ρ ) = sin ρ ,
    F ( η , ρ ) C ( η ) ρ + 1 ,