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1: 28.7 Analytic Continuation of Eigenvalues

§28.7 Analytic Continuation of Eigenvalues

… ►The branch points are called the exceptional values, and the other points normal values. The normal values are simple roots of the corresponding equations (28.2.21) and (28.2.22). All real values of $q$ are normal values. … ► …

2: 23.23 Tables

… ►2 in Abramowitz and Stegun (1964) gives values of $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$, ${\mathrm{\wp }}^{\prime }\left(z\right)$, and $\zeta \left(z\right)$ to 7 or 8D in the rectangular and rhombic cases, normalized so that ${\omega }_1=1$ and ${\omega }_3=\mathrm{i}a$ (rectangular case), or ${\omega }_1=1$ and ${\omega }_3=\frac{1}{2}+\mathrm{i}a$ (rhombic case), for $a$ = 1. …The values are tabulated on the real and imaginary $z$-axes, mostly ranging from 0 to 1 or $\mathrm{i}$ in steps of length 0. 05, and in the case of $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ the user may deduce values for complex $z$ by application of the addition theorem (23.10.1). …

3: William P. Reinhardt

… ►Reinhardt firmly believes that the Mandelbrot set is a special function, and notes with interest that the natural boundaries of analyticity of many “more normal” special functions are also fractals. … ►

20 Theta Functions

… ►In November 2015, Reinhardt was named Senior Associate Editor of the DLMF and Associate Editor for Chapters 20, 22, and 23.

4: 33.13 Complex Variable and Parameters

… ►The functions $F_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ,\rho )$, $G_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ,\rho )$, and $H_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{\pm }(\eta ,\rho )$ may be extended to noninteger values of $\mathrm{\ell }$ by generalizing $(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)!=\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(2\mathrm{\ell }+2\right)$, and supplementing (33.6.5) by a formula derived from (33.2.8) with $U(a,b,z)$ expanded via (13.2.42). ►These functions may also be continued analytically to complex values of $\rho$, $\eta$, and $\mathrm{\ell }$. … ►

33.13.1 $$C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)=2^{\mathrm{\ell }}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)-(\pi \eta /2)}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\mathrm{\ell }+1-\mathrm{i}\eta \right)/\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(2\mathrm{\ell }+2\right),$$

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Symbols:

$C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$: normalizing constant for Coulomb radial functions, ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$: Coulomb phase shift, $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer and $\eta$: real parameter

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.13.E1

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See also:

Annotations for §33.13 and Ch.33

… ►

33.13.2 $$R_{\mathrm{\ell }}=(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)/C_{\mathrm{\ell }-1}\left(\eta \right).$$

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Symbols:

$C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$: normalizing constant for Coulomb radial functions, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $\eta$: real parameter and $R_{\mathrm{\ell }}$: factor

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.13.E2

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §33.13 and Ch.33

…

5: 28.12 Definitions and Basic Properties

… ►

§28.12(i) Eigenvalues ${\lambda }_{\nu +2n}\left(q\right)$

… ► … ►As in §28.7 values of $q$ for which (28.2.16) has simple roots $\lambda$ are called normal values with respect to $\nu$. For real values of $\nu$ and $q$ all the ${\lambda }_{\nu }\left(q\right)$ are real, and $q$ is normal. … ►If $q$ is a normal value of the corresponding equation (28.2.16), then these functions are uniquely determined as analytic functions of $z$ and $q$ by the normalization …

6: 8.2 Definitions and Basic Properties

… ►The general values of the incomplete gamma functions $\gamma (a,z)$ and $\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,z)$ are defined by …Except where indicated otherwise in the DLMF these principal values are assumed. … ►Normalized functions are: … ►In this subsection the functions $\gamma$ and $\mathrm{\Gamma }$ have their general values. … ►(8.2.9) also holds when $a$ is zero or a negative integer, provided that the right-hand side is replaced by its limiting value. …

7: 3.6 Linear Difference Equations

… ►It therefore remains to apply a normalizing factor $\mathrm{\Lambda }$. The process is then repeated with a higher value of $N$, and the normalized solutions compared. … ►The normalizing factor $\mathrm{\Lambda }$ can be the true value of $w_0$ divided by its trial value, or $\mathrm{\Lambda }$ can be chosen to satisfy a known property of the wanted solution of the form … … ►For further information, including a more general form of normalizing condition, other examples, convergence proofs, and error analyses, see Olver (1967a), Olver and Sookne (1972), and Wimp (1984, Chapter 6). …

8: Bibliography

… ►

Exact linearization of a Painlevé transcendent. Phys. Rev. Lett. 38 (20), pp. 1103–1106.

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External Links:

Document, MathReview (Mark Adler)

Referenced by:

§32.11(ii), §32.13(i), §32.13(ii), §32.13(iii), §32.5.

Encodings:

BibTeX

… ►

Algorithm 39: Areas under the normal curve. The Computer Journal 12 (2), pp. 197–198.

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Notes:

Includes Algol program, maximum accuracy 12D.

External Links:

Document

Referenced by:

§7.25(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

… ►

Normal forms of functions near degenerate critical points, the Weyl groups $A_k,D_k,E_k$ and Lagrangian singularities. Funkcional. Anal. i Priložen. 6 (4), pp. 3–25 (Russian).

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Notes:

In Russian. English translation: Functional Anal. Appl., 6(1973), pp. 254–272.

External Links:

MathReview (G. R. Belickii), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§36.2(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

►

Normal forms of functions in the neighborhood of degenerate critical points. Uspehi Mat. Nauk 29 (2(176)), pp. 11–49 (Russian).

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Notes:

Collection of articles dedicated to the memory of Ivan Georgievič Petrovskiĭ (1901–1973), I. In Russian. English translation: Russian Math. Surveys, 29(1974), no. 2, pp. 10–50.

External Links:

Document, MathReview (G. R. Belickii), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§36.2(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

►

Critical points of smooth functions, and their normal forms. Uspehi Mat. Nauk 30 (5(185)), pp. 3–65 (Russian).

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Notes:

In Russian. English translation: Russian Math. Surveys, 30(1975), no. 5, pp. 1–75.

External Links:

Document, MathReview (D. Siersma), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§36.2(i), Ch.36.

Encodings:

BibTeX

…

9: 28.14 Fourier Series

… ►and the normalization relation ►

28.14.5 $$\sum _{m=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\left(c_{2m}^{\nu }(q)\right)}^2=1;$$

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Symbols:

$m$: integer, $q=h^2$: parameter, $\nu$: complex parameter and $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients

Referenced by:

item (d)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.14.E5

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Annotations for §28.14 and Ch.28

… ►Ambiguities in sign are resolved by (28.14.9) when $q=0$, and by continuity for other values of $q$. …

10: 31.9 Orthogonality

… ►The branches of the many-valued functions are continuous on the path, and assume their principal values at the beginning. ►The normalization constant ${\theta }_m$ is given by ►

31.9.3 $${\theta }_m={(1-{\mathrm{e}}^{2\pi \mathrm{i}\gamma })(1-{\mathrm{e}}^{2\pi \mathrm{i}\delta }){\zeta }^{\gamma }{(1-\zeta )}^{\delta }{(\zeta -a)}^{ϵ}\frac{f_0(q,\zeta )}{f_1(q,\zeta )}\frac{\partial }{\partial q}𝒲\left\{f_0(q,\zeta ),f_1(q,\zeta )\right\}|}_{q=q_m},$$

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Defines:

${\theta }_m$: normalization constant (locally)

Symbols:

$𝒲$: Wronskian, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}$: partial derivative of $f$ with respect to $x$ , $\partial x$: partial differential of $x$ , $\gamma$: real or complex parameter, $\delta$: real or complex parameter, $ϵ$: real or complex parameter, $m$: nonnegative integer, $a$: complex parameter, $q$: real or complex parameter, $\zeta$: point and $f_0(q_m,z)$, $f_1(q_m,z)$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/31.9.E3

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §31.9(i), §31.9 and Ch.31

… ►The right-hand side may be evaluated at any convenient value, or limiting value, of $\zeta$ in $(0,1)$ since it is independent of $\zeta$. … ►For further information, including normalization constants, see Sleeman (1966a). …