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11: 3.8 Nonlinear Equations

… ►for all $n$ sufficiently large, where $A$ and $p$ are independent of $n$, then the sequence is said to have convergence of the $p$th order. … … ►For moderate or large values of $n$ it is not uncommon for the magnitude of the right-hand side of (3.8.14) to be very large compared with unity, signifying that the computation of zeros of polynomials is often an ill-posed problem. … ►Consider $x=20$ and $j=19$. We have $p^{\prime }(20)=19!$ and $a_{19}=1+2+\mathrm{\cdots }+20=210$. …

12: 12.11 Zeros

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§12.11(ii) Asymptotic Expansions of Large Zeros

… ►When $a>-\frac{1}{2}$ the zeros are asymptotically given by $z_{a,s}$ and $\overline{z_{a,s}}$, where $s$ is a large positive integer and … ►

§12.11(iii) Asymptotic Expansions for Large Parameter

►For large negative values of $a$ the real zeros of $U(a,x)$, $U^{\prime }(a,x)$, $V(a,x)$, and $V^{\prime }(a,x)$ can be approximated by reversion of the Airy-type asymptotic expansions of §§12.10(vii) and 12.10(viii). For example, let the $s$th real zeros of $U(a,x)$ and $U^{\prime }(a,x)$, counted in descending order away from the point $z=2\sqrt{-a}$, be denoted by $u_{a,s}$ and $u_{a,s}^{\prime }$, respectively. …

13: Bibliography W

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Asymptotic expansions for second-order linear difference equations with a turning point. Numer. Math. 94 (1), pp. 147–194.

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External Links:

ISSN 0029-599X, Document, MathReview (Sergey M. Zagorodnyuk), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§2.9(iii).

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The Nahm equations, finite-gap potentials and Lamé functions. J. Phys. A 20 (10), pp. 2679–2683.

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ISSN 0305-4470, Document, MathReview (James M. D’Archangelo), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§29.19(ii).

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Hill’s equation with a large potential. SIAM J. Appl. Math. 45 (2), pp. 200–214.

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ISSN 0036-1399, Document, MathReview (H. Hochstadt), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§29.7(ii).

Encodings:

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Wave functions for large arguments by the amplitude-phase method. Phys. Rev. 52, pp. 1123–1127.

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External Links:

Document, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§33.5(ii).

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An asymptotic expansion of $W_{k,m}(z)$ with large variable and parameters. Math. Comp. 27 (122), pp. 429–436.

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External Links:

FullText, Document, MathReview (J. A. Donaldson), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§13.19.

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14: 19.36 Methods of Computation

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19.36.2 $$1-\frac{3}{14}{E}_2+\frac{1}{6}{E}_3+\frac{9}{88}{E}_2^2-\frac{3}{22}{E}_4-\frac{9}{52}{E}_2{E}_3+\frac{3}{26}{E}_5-\frac{1}{16}{E}_2^3+\frac{3}{40}{E}_3^2+\frac{3}{20}{E}_2{E}_4+\frac{45}{272}{E}_2^2{E}_3-\frac{9}{68}(E_3{E}_4+E_2{E}_5).$$

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Symbols:

$E_s(𝐳)$: symmetric function

Referenced by:

§19.19

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/19.36.E2

Encodings:

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Annotations for §19.36(i), §19.36 and Ch.19

… ►If the iteration of (19.36.6) and (19.36.12) is stopped when ($M$ and $T$ being approximated by $a_s$ and $t_s$, and the infinite series being truncated), then the relative error in $R_F$ and $R_G$ is less than $r$ if we neglect terms of order $r^2$. … ►Descending Gauss transformations of $\mathrm{\Pi }(\varphi ,{\alpha }^2,k)$ (see (19.8.20)) are used in Fettis (1965) to compute a large table (see §19.37(iii)). … ►For computation of Legendre’s integral of the third kind, see Abramowitz and Stegun (1964, §§17.7 and 17.8, Examples 15, 17, 19, and 20). …

15: Bibliography C

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Asymptotic behaviour of the zeros of the (generalized) Laguerre polynomial $L_n^{\alpha }(x)$ as the index $\alpha \to \mathrm{\infty }$ and limiting formula relating Laguerre polynomials of large index and large argument to Hermite polynomials. Lett. Nuovo Cimento (2) 23 (3), pp. 101–102.

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External Links:

ISSN 0024-1318, Document, MathReview (R. A. Askey)

Referenced by:

§18.7(iii).

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Asymptotic estimates for generalized Stirling numbers. Analysis (Munich) 20 (1), pp. 1–13.

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External Links:

ISSN 0174-4747, MathReview (F. T. Howard), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§26.8(vii).

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On the representation of a large even integer as the sum of a prime and the product of at most two primes. Kexue Tongbao (Foreign Lang. Ed.) 17, pp. 385–386.

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External Links:

MathReview (T. Hayashida)

Referenced by:

§27.13(ii).

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Validated computation of certain hypergeometric functions. ACM Trans. Math. Software 38 (2), pp. Art. 11, 20.

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External Links:

ISSN 0098-3500, Document, FullText, MathReview Entry, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§13.29(v), §15.19(v).

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Coulomb effects in the Klein-Gordon equation for pions. Phys. Rev. C 20 (2), pp. 696–704.

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External Links:

Document

Referenced by:

5th item.

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16: 3.4 Differentiation

… ►With the choice $r=k$ (which is crucial when $k$ is large because of numerical cancellation) the integrand equals ${\mathrm{e}}^k$ at the dominant points $\theta =0,2\pi$, and in combination with the factor $k^{-k}$ in front of the integral sign this gives a rough approximation to $1/k!$. … ►

First-Order

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Second-Order

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Fourth-Order

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3.4.33 $${\nabla }^4{u}_{0,0}=\frac{1}{h^4}(20u_{0,0}-8(u_{1,0}+u_{0,1}+u_{-1,0}+u_{0,-1})+2(u_{1,1}+u_{1,-1}+u_{-1,1}+u_{-1,-1})+(u_{0,2}+u_{2,0}+u_{-2,0}+u_{0,-2}))+O\left(h^2\right),$$

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Symbols:

$O\left(x\right)$: order not exceeding and $u$: function

A&S Ref:

25.3.32

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/3.4.E33

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §3.4(iii), §3.4(iii), §3.4 and Ch.3

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17: Bibliography K

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Algorithm 737: INTLIB: A portable Fortran 77 interval standard-function library. ACM Trans. Math. Software 20 (4), pp. 447–459.

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External Links:

ISSN 0098-3500, Document, GAMS (module 737; package TOMS), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

1st item.

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Methods of computing the Riemann zeta-function and some generalizations of it. USSR Comput. Math. and Math. Phys. 20 (6), pp. 212–230.

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External Links:

Document, MathReview (Matti Jutila), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§25.18(i).

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Connection formulae for asymptotics of solutions of the degenerate third Painlevé equation. I. Inverse Problems 20 (4), pp. 1165–1206.

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ISSN 0266-5611, Document, MathReview (Shun Shimomura), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.11(iv).

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Approximation Formulae for Generalized Hypergeometric Functions for Large Values of the Parameters. J. B. Wolters, Groningen.

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External Links:

MathReview (L. J. Slater), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§16.11(iii).

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The Askey scheme as a four-manifold with corners. Ramanujan J. 20 (3), pp. 409–439.

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External Links:

ISSN 1382-4090, Document, FullText, MathReview (José Luis López), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§18.26(v), §18.26(v).

Encodings:

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18: 9.9 Zeros

… ►They are denoted by $a_k$, $a_k^{\prime }$, $b_k$, $b_k^{\prime }$, respectively, arranged in ascending order of absolute value for $k=1,2,\mathrm{\dots }.$ … ►They lie in the sectors and , and are denoted by ${\beta }_k$, ${\beta }_k^{\prime }$, respectively, in the former sector, and by $\overline{{\beta }_k}$, $\overline{{\beta }_k^{\prime }}$, in the conjugate sector, again arranged in ascending order of absolute value (modulus) for $k=1,2,\mathrm{\dots }.$ See §9.3(ii) for visualizations. … ►For large $k$ ►

9.9.6 $$a_k=-T\left(\frac{3}{8}\pi (4k-1)\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $a_k$: $k$th zero of Airy $\mathrm{Ai}$ , $k$: nonnegative integer and $T$: expansion

Source:

Olver (1954, (A 20))

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.9.E6

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See also:

Annotations for §9.9(iv), §9.9 and Ch.9

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9.9.7 $${\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(a_k\right)={(-1)}^{k-1}V\left(\frac{3}{8}\pi (4k-1)\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $a_k$: $k$th zero of Airy $\mathrm{Ai}$ , $k$: nonnegative integer and $V$: expansion

Source:

Olver (1954, (A 20))

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/9.9.E7

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §9.9(iv), §9.9 and Ch.9

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19: Bibliography P

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Smoothing of the Stokes phenomenon for high-order differential equations. Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 436, pp. 165–186.

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External Links:

ISSN 0962-8444, FullText, MathReview (F. W. J. Olver), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§2.11(v).

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Exactification of the method of steepest descents: The Bessel functions of large order and argument. Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 460, pp. 2737–2759.

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ISSN 1364-5021, Document, MathReview (F. Ursell), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§10.20(ii).

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Zonal Polynomials of Order $1$ Through $12$ . In Selected Tables in Mathematical Statistics, H. L. Harter and D. B. Owen (Eds.), Vol. 2, pp. 199–388.

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External Links:

MathReview

Referenced by:

§35.11.

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Evaluation of the Fermi-Dirac integral of half-integer order. Zastos. Mat. 21 (2), pp. 289–301.

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External Links:

ISSN 0044-1899, MathReview (Alan M. Cohen), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§25.18(i).

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Automatic computation of Bessel function integrals. Comput. Phys. Comm. 25 (3), pp. 289–295.

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Notes:

Double-precision Fortran, maximum accuracy 20S.

External Links:

ISSN 0010-4655, Document, Code

Referenced by:

6th item.

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