►Applications of Struve functions occur in water-wave and surface-waveproblems (Hirata (1975) and Ahmadi and Widnall (1985)), unsteady aerodynamics (Shaw (1985) and Wehausen and Laitone (1960)), distribution of fluid pressure over a vibrating disk (McLachlan (1934)), resistive MHD instability theory (Paris and Sy (1983)), and optical diffraction (Levine and Schwinger (1948)).
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►Particularly important for the use of Riemann theta functions is the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation, which describes the propagation of two-dimensional, long-wave length surfacewaves in shallow water (Ablowitz and Segur (1981, Chapter 4)):
…Here and are spatial variables, is time, and is the elevation of the surfacewave.
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►►►Figure 21.9.2: Contour plot of a two-phase solution of Equation (21.9.3).
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Magnify►Furthermore, the solutions of the KP equation solve the Schottky
problem: this is the question concerning conditions that a Riemann matrix needs to satisfy in order to be associated with a Riemann surface (Schottky (1903)).
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J. H. Wilkinson (1988)The Algebraic Eigenvalue Problem.
Monographs on Numerical Analysis. Oxford Science Publications, The Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
ⓘ
Notes:
Paperback reprint of original edition, published in 1965 by Clarendon Press, Oxford.
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►Applications of toroidal functions include expansion of vacuum magnetic fields in stellarators and tokamaks (van Milligen and López Fraguas (1994)), analytic solutions of Poisson’s equation in channel-like geometries (Hoyles et al. (1998)), and Dirichlet problems with toroidal symmetry (Gil et al. (2000)).
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►The conical functions appear in boundary-value problems for the Laplace equation in toroidal coordinates (§14.19(i)) for regions bounded by cones, by two intersecting spheres, or by one or two confocal hyperboloids of revolution (Kölbig (1981)).
These functions are also used in the Mehler–Fock integral transform (§14.20(vi)) for problems in potential and heat theory, and in elementary particle physics (Sneddon (1972, Chapter 7) and Braaksma and Meulenbeld (1967)).
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►Physical problems involving Mathieu functions include vibrational problems in elliptical coordinates; see (28.32.1).
…The general solution of the problem is a superposition of the separated solutions.
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§28.33(iii) Stability and Initial-Value Problems
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►References for other initial-value problems include:
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►Applications of combinatorics, especially integer and plane partitions, to counting lattice structures and other problems of statistical mechanics, of which the Ising model is the principal example, can be found in Montroll (1964), Godsil et al. (1995), Baxter (1982), and Korepin et al. (1993).
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►Other applications to problems in engineering, crystallography, biology, and computer science can be found in Beckenbach (1981) and Graham et al. (1995).
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►Geller and Ng (1969) cites work with applications from diffusion theory, transport problems, the study of the radiative equilibrium of stellar atmospheres, and the evaluation of exchange integrals occurring in quantum mechanics.
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