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21: 22.17 Moduli Outside the Interval [0,1]

… ►Jacobian elliptic functions with real moduli in the intervals $(-\mathrm{\infty },0)$ and $(1,\mathrm{\infty })$, or with purely imaginary moduli are related to functions with moduli in the interval $[0,1]$ by the following formulas. … ►In terms of the coefficients of the power series of §22.10(i), the above equations are polynomial identities in $k$. In (22.17.5) either value of the square root can be chosen. … ►In consequence, the formulas in this chapter remain valid when $k$ is complex. In particular, the Landen transformations in §§22.7(i) and 22.7(ii) are valid for all complex values of $k$, irrespective of which values of $\sqrt{k}$ and $k^{\prime }=\sqrt{1-k^2}$ are chosen—as long as they are used consistently. …

22: 27.13 Functions

… ►Every even integer $n>4$ is the sum of two odd primes. In this case, $S(n)$ is the number of solutions of the equation $n=p+q$, where $p$ and $q$ are odd primes. … ►This problem is named after Edward Waring who, in 1770, stated without proof and with limited numerical evidence, that every positive integer $n$ is the sum of four squares, of nine cubes, of nineteen fourth powers, and so on. … ►If $3^k=q{2}^k+r$ with , then equality holds in (27.13.2) provided $r+q\le 2^k$, a condition that is satisfied with at most a finite number of exceptions. … ►Hardy and Littlewood (1925) conjectures that when $k$ is not a power of 2, and that $G\left(k\right)\le 4k$ when $k$ is a power of 2, but the most that is known (in 2009) is for some constant $c$. … ►Mordell (1917) notes that $r_k\left(n\right)$ is the coefficient of $x^n$ in the power-series expansion of the $k$th power of the series for $\vartheta \left(x\right)$. …

23: Bibliography S

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Cardinal Spline Interpolation. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, PA.

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Notes:

Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics, No. 12

External Links:

MathReview (H. L. Loeb), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§24.17(ii).

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Number Theory in Science and Communication: With Applications in Cryptography, Physics, Digital Information, Computing, and Self-Similarity. 4th edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

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Notes:

Volume 7 in Springer Series in Information Sciences.

External Links:

ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§27.16, §27.17.

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On the expansion of the parabolic cylinder function in a series of the product of two parabolic cylinder functions. J. Indian Math. Soc. (N. S.) 3, pp. 226–230.

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External Links:

ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§12.13(i).

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Multiplicative processes and power laws. Phys. Rev. E 57 (4), pp. 4811–4813.

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External Links:

Document

Referenced by:

§8.24(i).

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An Introduction to Basic Fourier Series. Developments in Mathematics, Vol. 9, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.

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External Links:

ISBN 1-4020-1221-7, MathReview (P. D. F. Ion), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§17.3(i).

Encodings:

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24: Bibliography K

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Asymptotic expansions of certain $q$-series and a formula of Ramanujan for specific values of the Riemann zeta function. Acta Arith. 107 (3), pp. 269–298.

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External Links:

ISSN 0065-1036, Document, Link, MathReview (Bruce C. Berndt), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§17.2(i).

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Theorie und Anwendung der unendlichen Reihen. 4th edition, Die Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften, Band 2, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg (German).

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Notes:

A translation by R. C. Young appeared in 1928, Theory and Application of Infinite Series, Blackie, 571pp.

External Links:

MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§3.9(ii).

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Electromagnetic Fields and Relativistic Particles. International Series in Pure and Applied Physics, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.

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External Links:

ISBN 0-07-035264-X, MathReview (George Zipfel, Jr.)

Referenced by:

§1.17(ii), §10.73(ii).

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Dualities in the $q$-Askey scheme and degenerate DAHA. Stud. Appl. Math. 141 (4), pp. 424–473.

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External Links:

ISSN 0022-2526, Document, Link, MathReview (Marzena Szajewska)

Referenced by:

(18.28.1_5).

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HYP and HYPQ. Mathematica packages for the manipulation of binomial sums and hypergeometric series respectively $q$-binomial sums and basic hypergeometric series. Séminaire Lotharingien de Combinatoire 30, pp. 61–76.

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Notes:

Also published in J. Symbolic Comput. (1995), v. 20, no. 5–6, pp. 737–744.

External Links:

Code, Document, MathReview (G. Gasper), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

1st item.

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25: 18.26 Wilson Class: Continued

… ►Here we use as convention for (16.2.1) with $b_q=-N$, $a_1=-n$, and $n=0,1,\mathrm{\dots },N$ that the summation on the right-hand side ends at $k=n$. ►

18.26.1 $$W_n(y^2;a,b,c,d)={\left(a+b\right)}_n{\left(a+c\right)}_n{\left(a+d\right)}_n{}_4{}^{}F_3^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-n,n+a+b+c+d-1,a+iy,a-iy}{a+b,a+c,a+d};1).$$

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Symbols:

${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q};z)$: alternatively ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(𝐚;𝐛;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{𝐚}{𝐛};z)$
generalized hypergeometric function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $W_n(x;a,b,c,d)$: Wilson polynomial, $y$: real variable and $n$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§18.26(i), §18.26(ii), §18.26(iv), (18.28.29)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E1

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §18.26(i), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.2 $$S_n(y^2;a,b,c)={\left(a+b\right)}_n{\left(a+c\right)}_n{}_3{}^{}F_2^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-n,a+iy,a-iy}{a+b,a+c};1).$$

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Symbols:

${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q};z)$: alternatively ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(𝐚;𝐛;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{𝐚}{𝐛};z)$
generalized hypergeometric function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $S_n(x;a,b,c)$: continuous dual Hahn polynomial, $y$: real variable and $n$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§18.26(i), §18.26(ii), §18.26(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(i), §18.26 and Ch.18

… ►Koornwinder (2009) rescales and reparametrizes Racah polynomials and Wilson polynomials in such a way that they are continuous in their four parameters, provided that these parameters are nonnegative. Moreover, if one or more of the new parameters becomes zero, then the polynomial descends to a lower family in the Askey scheme.

26: 22.20 Methods of Computation

… ►A powerful way of computing the twelve Jacobian elliptic functions for real or complex values of both the argument $z$ and the modulus $k$ is to use the definitions in terms of theta functions given in §22.2, obtaining the theta functions via methods described in §20.14. … ►By application of the transformations given in §§22.7(i) and 22.7(ii), $k$ or $k^{\prime }$ can always be made sufficently small to enable the approximations given in §22.10(ii) to be applied. … ►From the first two terms in (22.10.6) we find $\mathrm{dn}(0.19,\frac{1}{19})=0.999951$. … ►If either $\tau$ or $q={\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\pi \tau }$ is given, then we use $k={\theta }_2^2(0,q)/{\theta }_3^2(0,q)$, $k^{\prime }={\theta }_4^2(0,q)/{\theta }_3^2(0,q)$, $K=\frac{1}{2}\pi {\theta }_3^2(0,q)$, and $K^{\prime }=-\mathrm{i}\tau K$, obtaining the values of the theta functions as in §20.14. … ► $\mathrm{am}(x,k)$ can be computed from its definition (22.16.1) or from its Fourier series (22.16.9). …

27: Bibliography

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Chapter $16$ of Ramanujan’s second notebook: Theta-functions and $q$-series. Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 53 (315), pp. v+85.

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External Links:

ISSN 0065-9266, MathReview (R. A. Askey), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§20.11(ii).

Encodings:

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$q$-Series: Their Development and Application in Analysis, Number Theory, Combinatorics, Physics, and Computer Algebra. CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics, Vol. 66, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI.

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External Links:

ISBN 0-8218-0716-1, MathReview (David M. Bressoud), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§17.14, §17.14, §17.16, Ch.17, Profile George E. Andrews.

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Modular Functions and Dirichlet Series in Number Theory. 2nd edition, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Vol. 41, Springer-Verlag, New York.

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External Links:

ISBN 0-387-97127-0, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§17.2(i), §23.10(iv), §23.15(i), §23.17(ii), §23.18, §23.18, §23.19, §23.20(i), §23.20(v), Ch.23, §27.14(iii), §27.14(iv), §27.14(vi), §27.7, Ch.27.

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Bernoulli’s power-sum formulas revisited. Math. Gaz. 90 (518), pp. 276–279.

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Referenced by:

§24.4(iii).

Encodings:

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Continuous $q$-Hermite Polynomials when $q>1$ . In $q$-series and Partitions (Minneapolis, MN, 1988), IMA Vol. Math. Appl., Vol. 18, pp. 151–158.

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External Links:

MathReview (Walter Van Assche), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§18.28(vii).

Encodings:

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