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11: 33.18 Limiting Forms for Large $\mathrm{\ell }$

§33.18 Limiting Forms for Large $\mathrm{\ell }$

►As $\mathrm{\ell }\to \mathrm{\infty }$ with $ϵ$ and $r$ ($\ne 0$) fixed, ►

$f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)\sim {\displaystyle \frac{{(2r)}^{\mathrm{\ell }+1}}{(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)!}},$

►

$h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)\sim {\displaystyle \frac{(2\mathrm{\ell })!}{\pi {(2r)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}}}.$

12: 18.18 Sums

… ►

Expansion of $L^2$ functions

►In all three cases of Jacobi, Laguerre and Hermite, if $f(x)$ is $L^2$ on the corresponding interval with respect to the corresponding weight function and if $a_n,b_n,d_n$ are given by (18.18.1), (18.18.5), (18.18.7), respectively, then the respective series expansions (18.18.2), (18.18.4), (18.18.6) are valid with the sums converging in $L^2$ sense. … ►

18.18.12 $$\frac{L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(\lambda x\right)}{L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(0\right)}=\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{n}{\mathrm{\ell }}\right){\lambda }^{\mathrm{\ell }}{(1-\lambda )}^{n-\mathrm{\ell }}\frac{L_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)}{L_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{(\alpha )}\left(0\right)}.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

(18.17.34_5), §18.18(iii), §18.18(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.18.E12

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.18(iii), §18.18(iii), §18.18 and Ch.18

… ►

18.18.18 $$L_n^{(\beta )}\left(x\right)=\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^n\frac{{\left(\beta -\alpha \right)}_{n-\mathrm{\ell }}}{(n-\mathrm{\ell })!}{L}_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.18(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.18.E18

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.18(iv), §18.18(iv), §18.18 and Ch.18

►

18.18.19 $$x^n={\left(\alpha +1\right)}_n\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^n\frac{{\left(-n\right)}_{\mathrm{\ell }}}{{\left(\alpha +1\right)}_{\mathrm{\ell }}}{L}_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.18(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.18.E19

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.18(iv), §18.18(iv), §18.18 and Ch.18

…

13: 33.1 Special Notation

… ► ►►

$k,\mathrm{\ell }$	nonnegative integers.
…

►The main functions treated in this chapter are first the Coulomb radial functions $F_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ,\rho )$, $G_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ,\rho )$, $H_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{\pm }(\eta ,\rho )$ (Sommerfeld (1928)), which are used in the case of repulsive Coulomb interactions, and secondly the functions $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $s(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $c(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ (Seaton (1982, 2002a)), which are used in the case of attractive Coulomb interactions. … ►

$P_{\mathrm{\ell }}(ϵ,r)=(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)!f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)/2^{\mathrm{\ell }+1}$, $Q_{\mathrm{\ell }}(ϵ,r)=-(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)!h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)/(2^{\mathrm{\ell }+1}A(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell }))$.

►

$f^{(0)}(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)=f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)=s(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $g(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)=c(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$.

14: 33.13 Complex Variable and Parameters

… ►The functions $F_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ,\rho )$, $G_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ,\rho )$, and $H_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{\pm }(\eta ,\rho )$ may be extended to noninteger values of $\mathrm{\ell }$ by generalizing $(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)!=\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(2\mathrm{\ell }+2\right)$, and supplementing (33.6.5) by a formula derived from (33.2.8) with $U(a,b,z)$ expanded via (13.2.42). ►These functions may also be continued analytically to complex values of $\rho$, $\eta$, and $\mathrm{\ell }$. The quantities $C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$, ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$, and $R_{\mathrm{\ell }}$, given by (33.2.6), (33.2.10), and (33.4.1), respectively, must be defined consistently so that ►

33.13.1 $$C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)=2^{\mathrm{\ell }}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}{\sigma }_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)-(\pi \eta /2)}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\mathrm{\ell }+1-\mathrm{i}\eta \right)/\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(2\mathrm{\ell }+2\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$: normalizing constant for Coulomb radial functions, ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$: Coulomb phase shift, $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer and $\eta$: real parameter

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.13.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §33.13 and Ch.33

… ►

33.13.2 $$R_{\mathrm{\ell }}=(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)/C_{\mathrm{\ell }-1}\left(\eta \right).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$: normalizing constant for Coulomb radial functions, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $\eta$: real parameter and $R_{\mathrm{\ell }}$: factor

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.13.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §33.13 and Ch.33

…

15: 24.16 Generalizations

… ►For $\mathrm{\ell }=0,1,2,\mathrm{\dots }$, Bernoulli and Euler polynomials of order $\mathrm{\ell }$ are defined respectively by …When $x=0$ they reduce to the Bernoulli and Euler numbers of order $\mathrm{\ell }$ : …Also for $\mathrm{\ell }=1,2,3,\mathrm{\dots }$, … ►For extensions of $B_n^{(\mathrm{\ell })}\left(x\right)$ to complex values of $x$, $n$, and $\mathrm{\ell }$, and also for uniform asymptotic expansions for large $x$ and large $n$, see Temme (1995b) and López and Temme (1999b, 2010b). … ►(This notation is consistent with (24.16.3) when $x=\mathrm{\ell }$.) …

16: 33.15 Graphics

… ►

§33.15(i) Line Graphs of the Coulomb Functions $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ and $h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$

►

►►

Figure 33.15.1: $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r),h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ with $\mathrm{\ell }=0,ϵ=4$. Magnify

►

►►

Figure 33.15.2: $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r),h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ with $\mathrm{\ell }=1,ϵ=4$. Magnify

►

►►

Figure 33.15.3: $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r),h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ with $\mathrm{\ell }=0,ϵ=-1/{\nu }^2,\nu =1.5$. Magnify

… ►

§33.15(ii) Surfaces of the Coulomb Functions $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $s(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, and $c(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$

…

17: DLMF Project News

error generating summary

18: 33.6 Power-Series Expansions in $\rho$

… ►

33.6.1 $$F_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ,\rho )=C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)\sum _{k=\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{A}_k^{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ){\rho }^k,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$C_{\mathrm{\ell }}\left(\eta \right)$: normalizing constant for Coulomb radial functions, $F_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\eta ,\rho )$: regular Coulomb radial function, $k$: nonnegative integer, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $\rho$: nonnegative real variable, $\eta$: real parameter and $A_{\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{\mathrm{\ell }}$: coefficient

A&S Ref:

14.1.4, 14.1.5

Referenced by:

§33.6

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.6.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §33.6 and Ch.33

… ►where $A_{\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{\mathrm{\ell }}=1$, $A_{\mathrm{\ell }+2}^{\mathrm{\ell }}=\eta /(\mathrm{\ell }+1)$, and ►

33.6.3 $$(k+\mathrm{\ell })(k-\mathrm{\ell }-1)A_k^{\mathrm{\ell }}=2\eta A_{k-1}^{\mathrm{\ell }}-A_{k-2}^{\mathrm{\ell }},$$ $k=\mathrm{\ell }+3,\mathrm{\ell }+4,\mathrm{\dots }$,

ⓘ

Symbols:

$k$: nonnegative integer, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $\eta$: real parameter and $A_{\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{\mathrm{\ell }}$: coefficient

A&S Ref:

14.1.6

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.6.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §33.6 and Ch.33

… ►where $a=1+\mathrm{\ell }\pm \mathrm{i}\eta$ and $\psi \left(x\right)={\mathrm{\Gamma }}^{\prime }\left(x\right)/\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(x\right)$ (§5.2(i)). … ►Corresponding expansions for $H_{\mathrm{\ell }}^{\pm }{}_{}{}^{\prime }(\eta ,\rho )$ can be obtained by combining (33.6.5) with (33.4.3) or (33.4.4).

19: 16.17 Definition

… ►where the integration path $L$ separates the poles of the factors $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(b_{\mathrm{\ell }}-s\right)$ from those of the factors $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(1-a_{\mathrm{\ell }}+s\right)$. There are three possible choices for $L$, illustrated in Figure 16.17.1 in the case $m=1$, $n=2$: ►

$L$ goes from $-\mathrm{i}\mathrm{\infty }$ to $\mathrm{i}\mathrm{\infty }$. The integral converges if and .

►

$L$ is a loop that starts at infinity on a line parallel to the positive real axis, encircles the poles of the $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(b_{\mathrm{\ell }}-s\right)$ once in the negative sense and returns to infinity on another line parallel to the positive real axis. The integral converges for all $z$ ($\ne 0$) if , and for if $p=q\ge 1$.

►

$L$ is a loop that starts at infinity on a line parallel to the negative real axis, encircles the poles of the $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(1-a_{\mathrm{\ell }}+s\right)$ once in the positive sense and returns to infinity on another line parallel to the negative real axis. The integral converges for all $z$ if $p>q$, and for $|z|>1$ if $p=q\ge 1$.

…

20: 28.23 Expansions in Series of Bessel Functions

… ►

28.23.6 $${\mathrm{Mc}}_{2m}^{(j)}(z,h)={(-1)}^m{\left({\mathrm{ce}}_{2m}(0,h^2)\right)}^{-1}\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}{A}_{2\mathrm{\ell }}^{2m}(h^2){𝒞}_{2\mathrm{\ell }}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{ce}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, ${\mathrm{Mc}}_n^{(j)}(z,h)$: radial Mathieu function, $m$: integer, $h$: parameter, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions and $A_m(q)$: Fourier coefficient

A&S Ref:

20.6.12

Referenced by:

§28.23

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

… ►

28.23.8 $${\mathrm{Mc}}_{2m+1}^{(j)}(z,h)={(-1)}^m{\left({\mathrm{ce}}_{2m+1}(0,h^2)\right)}^{-1}\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}{A}_{2\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{2m+1}(h^2){𝒞}_{2\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{ce}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, ${\mathrm{Mc}}_n^{(j)}(z,h)$: radial Mathieu function, $m$: integer, $h$: parameter, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions and $A_m(q)$: Fourier coefficient

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E8

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

… ►

28.23.10 $${\mathrm{Ms}}_{2m+1}^{(j)}(z,h)={(-1)}^m{\left({\mathrm{se}}_{2m+1}^{\prime }(0,h^2)\right)}^{-1}\tanh z\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)B_{2\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{2m+1}(h^2){𝒞}_{2\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{se}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, ${\mathrm{Ms}}_n^{(j)}(z,h)$: radial Mathieu function, $m$: integer, $h$: parameter, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions and $B_m(q)$: Fourier coefficient

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

… ►

28.23.12 $${\mathrm{Ms}}_{2m+2}^{(j)}(z,h)={(-1)}^m{\left({\mathrm{se}}_{2m+2}^{\prime }(0,h^2)\right)}^{-1}\tanh z\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}(2\mathrm{\ell }+2)B_{2\mathrm{\ell }+2}^{2m+2}(h^2){𝒞}_{2\mathrm{\ell }+2}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{se}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, ${\mathrm{Ms}}_n^{(j)}(z,h)$: radial Mathieu function, $m$: integer, $h$: parameter, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions and $B_m(q)$: Fourier coefficient

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E12

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

… ►When $j=2,3,4$ the series in the even-numbered equations converge for $\mathrm{\Re }z>0$ and $|\cosh z|>1$, and the series in the odd-numbered equations converge for $\mathrm{\Re }z>0$ and $|\sinh z|>1$. …