…
►Although they are obtained (with some exceptions) by approximating uniformly the integrand of each elliptic integral, some occur also as the leading terms of known asymptotic series with error bounds (Wong (1983, §4), Carlson and Gustafson (1985), López (2000, 2001)).
…
…
►Bessel functions and modified Bessel functions are often used as approximants in the construction of uniform asymptoticapproximations and expansions for solutions of linear second-order differential equations containing a parameter.
…
►If has a double zero , or more generally is a zero of order , , then uniform asymptoticapproximations (but not expansions) can be constructed in terms of Bessel functions, or modified Bessel functions, of order .
…The order of the approximating Bessel functions, or modified Bessel functions, is , except in the case when has a double pole at .
…
►Then for large
asymptoticapproximations of the solutions can be constructed in terms of Bessel functions, or modified Bessel functions, of variable order (in fact the order depends on and ).
…
►For irregular singularities of nonclassifiable rank, a powerful tool for finding the asymptotic behavior of solutions, complete with error bounds, is as follows:
►
Liouville–Green Approximation Theorem
…
►By approximating
…
►The first of these references includes extensions to complex variables and reversions for zeros.
…
…
►Then with denoting the acceleration due to gravity, the wave height is approximately given by
…
►When , that is, everywhere except close to the ship, the integrand oscillates rapidly.
…
►The disturbance can be approximated by the method of uniform asymptoticapproximation for the case of two coalescing stationary points (36.12.11), using the fact that are real for and complex for .
…
►►►Figure 36.13.1: Kelvin’s ship wave pattern, computed from the uniform asymptoticapproximation (36.13.8), as a function of , .
Magnify
…
…
►Corresponding results for the generalized
Stieltjes transform
…An application has been given by López (2000) to derive asymptotic expansions of standard symmetric elliptic integrals, complete with error bounds; see §19.27(vi).
…
►For rigorous derivations of these results and also order estimates for , see Wong (1979) and Wong (1989, Chapter 6).
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S. F. Khwaja and A. B. Olde Daalhuis (2013)Exponentially accurate uniform asymptoticapproximations for integrals and Bleistein’s method revisited.
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