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11: 26.12 Plane Partitions
β–ΊAn equivalent definition is that a plane partition is a finite subset of β„• × β„• × β„• with the property that if ( r , s , t ) Ο€ and ( 1 , 1 , 1 ) ( h , j , k ) ( r , s , t ) , then ( h , j , k ) must be an element of Ο€ . … β–ΊThe number of plane partitions of n is denoted by pp ⁑ ( n ) , with pp ⁑ ( 0 ) = 1 . … β–Ίin B ⁑ ( 2 ⁒ r + 1 , 2 ⁒ s , 2 ⁒ t ) it is …in B ⁑ ( 2 ⁒ r + 1 , 2 ⁒ s + 1 , 2 ⁒ t ) it is … β–Ίin B ⁑ ( 2 ⁒ r + 1 , 2 ⁒ r + 1 , 2 ⁒ t ) it is …
12: 18.8 Differential Equations
β–Ί
Table 18.8.1: Classical OP’s: differential equations A ⁑ ( x ) ⁒ f ′′ ⁑ ( x ) + B ⁑ ( x ) ⁒ f ⁑ ( x ) + C ⁑ ( x ) ⁒ f ⁑ ( x ) + Ξ» n ⁒ f ⁑ ( x ) = 0 .
β–Ί β–Ίβ–Ίβ–Ίβ–Ίβ–Ίβ–Ί
# f ⁑ ( x ) A ⁑ ( x ) B ⁑ ( x ) C ⁑ ( x ) λ n
7 P n ⁑ ( x ) 1 x 2 2 ⁒ x 0 n ⁒ ( n + 1 )
10 e 1 2 ⁒ x ⁒ x 1 2 ⁒ α ⁒ L n ( α ) ⁑ ( x ) x 1 1 4 ⁒ x 1 4 ⁒ α 2 ⁒ x 1 n + 1 2 ⁒ ( α + 1 )
11 e n 1 ⁒ x ⁒ x β„“ + 1 ⁒ L n β„“ 1 ( 2 ⁒ β„“ + 1 ) ⁑ ( 2 ⁒ n 1 ⁒ x ) 1 0 2 x β„“ ⁒ ( β„“ + 1 ) x 2 1 n 2
12 H n ⁑ ( x ) 1 2 ⁒ x 0 2 ⁒ n
β–Ί
β–ΊItem 11 of Table 18.8.1 yields (18.39.36) for Z = 1 .
13: 34.2 Definition: 3 ⁒ j Symbol
β–ΊThe quantities j 1 , j 2 , j 3 in the 3 ⁒ j symbol are called angular momenta. …where r , s , t is any permutation of 1 , 2 , 3 . The corresponding projective quantum numbers m 1 , m 2 , m 3 are given by … β–Ί
β–ΊSee accompanying textβ–Ί
Figure 34.2.1: Angular momenta j r and projective quantum numbers m r , r = 1 , 2 , 3 . Magnify
β–Ί
34.2.4 ( j 1 j 2 j 3 m 1 m 2 m 3 ) = ( 1 ) j 1 j 2 m 3 ⁒ Ξ” ⁑ ( j 1 ⁒ j 2 ⁒ j 3 ) ⁒ ( ( j 1 + m 1 ) ! ⁒ ( j 1 m 1 ) ! ⁒ ( j 2 + m 2 ) ! ⁒ ( j 2 m 2 ) ! ⁒ ( j 3 + m 3 ) ! ⁒ ( j 3 m 3 ) ! ) 1 2 ⁒ s ( 1 ) s s ! ⁒ ( j 1 + j 2 j 3 s ) ! ⁒ ( j 1 m 1 s ) ! ⁒ ( j 2 + m 2 s ) ! ⁒ ( j 3 j 2 + m 1 + s ) ! ⁒ ( j 3 j 1 m 2 + s ) ! ,
14: 24.12 Zeros
β–ΊIn the interval 0 x 1 the only zeros of B 2 ⁒ n + 1 ⁑ ( x ) , n = 1 , 2 , , are 0 , 1 2 , 1 , and the only zeros of B 2 ⁒ n ⁑ ( x ) B 2 ⁒ n , n = 1 , 2 , , are 0 , 1 . … β–ΊThen the zeros in the interval < x 1 2 are 1 x j ( n ) . … β–ΊWhen n is odd x 1 ( n ) = 1 2 , x 2 ( n ) = 1 ( n 3 ) , and as n with m ( 1 ) fixed, … β–ΊThen R ⁑ ( n ) = n when 1 n 5 , and … β–ΊWhen n is odd y 1 ( n ) = 1 2 , …
15: 22.17 Moduli Outside the Interval [0,1]
§22.17 Moduli Outside the Interval [0,1]
β–ΊJacobian elliptic functions with real moduli in the intervals ( , 0 ) and ( 1 , ) , or with purely imaginary moduli are related to functions with moduli in the interval [ 0 , 1 ] by the following formulas. … β–Ί
k 1 ⁒ k 1 = k 1 + k 2 ,
β–ΊIn particular, the Landen transformations in §§22.7(i) and 22.7(ii) are valid for all complex values of k , irrespective of which values of k and k = 1 k 2 are chosen—as long as they are used consistently. For proofs of these results and further information see Walker (2003).
16: 26.16 Multiset Permutations
β–ΊLet S = { 1 a 1 , 2 a 2 , , n a n } be the multiset that has a j copies of j , 1 j n . …The number of elements in 𝔖 S is the multinomial coefficient (§26.4) ( a 1 + a 2 + β‹― + a n a 1 , a 2 , , a n ) . … β–ΊThe definitions of inversion number and major index can be extended to permutations of a multiset such as 351322453154 𝔖 { 1 2 , 2 2 , 3 3 , 4 2 , 5 3 } . Thus inv ( 351322453154 ) = 4 + 8 + 0 + 3 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 1 + 0 + 1 = 24 , and maj ( 351322453154 ) = 2 + 4 + 8 + 9 + 11 = 34 . β–Ίand again with S = { 1 a 1 , 2 a 2 , , n a n } we have …
17: 35.8 Generalized Hypergeometric Functions of Matrix Argument
β–ΊLet p and q be nonnegative integers; a 1 , , a p β„‚ ; b 1 , , b q β„‚ ; b j + 1 2 ⁒ ( k + 1 ) β„• , 1 j q , 1 k m . … β–ΊIf a j + 1 2 ⁒ ( k + 1 ) β„• for some j , k satisfying 1 j p , 1 k m , then the series expansion (35.8.1) terminates. … β–ΊIf p = q + 1 , then (35.8.1) converges absolutely for β€– 𝐓 β€– < 1 and diverges for β€– 𝐓 β€– > 1 . β–ΊIf p > q + 1 , then (35.8.1) diverges unless it terminates. … β–ΊLet a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + 1 2 ⁒ ( m + 1 ) = b 1 + b 2 ; one of the a j be a negative integer; ⁑ ( b 1 a 1 ) , ⁑ ( b 1 a 2 ) , ⁑ ( b 1 a 3 ) , ⁑ ( b 1 a 1 a 2 a 3 ) > 1 2 ⁒ ( m 1 ) . …
18: 15.8 Transformations of Variable
β–ΊThe hypergeometric functions that correspond to Groups 1 and 2 have z as variable. … β–Ί
Group 1 ⟢ Group 3
β–Ί
Group 2 ⟢ Group 1
β–Ί b = 1 3 ⁒ a + 1 3 , c = 2 ⁒ b = a b + 1 in Groups 1 and 2. … β–ΊThis is a quadratic transformation between two cases in Group 1. …
19: 26.6 Other Lattice Path Numbers
β–Ί D ⁑ ( m , n ) is the number of paths from ( 0 , 0 ) to ( m , n ) that are composed of directed line segments of the form ( 1 , 0 ) , ( 0 , 1 ) , or ( 1 , 1 ) . … β–Ί M ⁑ ( n ) is the number of lattice paths from ( 0 , 0 ) to ( n , n ) that stay on or above the line y = x and are composed of directed line segments of the form ( 2 , 0 ) , ( 0 , 2 ) , or ( 1 , 1 ) . … β–Ί N ⁑ ( n , k ) is the number of lattice paths from ( 0 , 0 ) to ( n , n ) that stay on or above the line y = x , are composed of directed line segments of the form ( 1 , 0 ) or ( 0 , 1 ) , and for which there are exactly k occurrences at which a segment of the form ( 0 , 1 ) is followed by a segment of the form ( 1 , 0 ) . … β–Ί r ⁑ ( n ) is the number of paths from ( 0 , 0 ) to ( n , n ) that stay on or above the diagonal y = x and are composed of directed line segments of the form ( 1 , 0 ) , ( 0 , 1 ) , or ( 1 , 1 ) . … β–Ί
§26.6(iv) Identities
20: 26.11 Integer Partitions: Compositions
β–ΊFor example, there are eight compositions of 4: 4 , 3 + 1 , 1 + 3 , 2 + 2 , 2 + 1 + 1 , 1 + 2 + 1 , 1 + 1 + 2 , and 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 . c ⁑ ( n ) denotes the number of compositions of n , and c m ⁑ ( n ) is the number of compositions into exactly m parts. c ⁑ ( T , n ) is the number of compositions of n with no 1’s, where again T = { 2 , 3 , 4 , } . … β–ΊThe Fibonacci numbers are determined recursively by … β–ΊAdditional information on Fibonacci numbers can be found in Rosen et al. (2000, pp. 140–145).