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11: 26.13 Permutations: Cycle Notation
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►An explicit representation of can be given by the matrix:
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►is in cycle notation.
…In consequence, (26.13.2) can also be written as .
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►A permutation that consists of a single cycle of length can be written as the composition of two-cycles (read from right to left):
…A permutation with cycle type can be written as a product of transpositions, and no fewer.
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12: DLMF Project News
error generating summary13: 33.13 Complex Variable and Parameters
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►The functions , , and may be extended to noninteger values of by generalizing , and supplementing (33.6.5) by a formula derived from (33.2.8) with expanded via (13.2.42).
►These functions may also be continued analytically to complex values of , , and .
The quantities , , and , given by (33.2.6), (33.2.10), and (33.4.1), respectively, must be defined consistently so that
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33.13.1
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33.13.2
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14: 1.18 Linear Second Order Differential Operators and Eigenfunction Expansions
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►In the following let
be a Hilbert space.
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►and thus is said to be formally self adjoint.
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►In what follows will be taken to be a self adjoint extension of following the discussion ending the prior sub-section.
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►These eigenvalues will be assumed distinct, i.
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►Should
be bounded but random, leading to Anderson localization, the spectrum could range from being a dense point spectrum to being singular continuous, see Simon (1995), Avron and Simon (1982); a good general reference being Cycon et al. (2008, Ch. 9 and 10).
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15: 19.36 Methods of Computation
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►Polynomials of still higher degree can be obtained from (19.19.5) and (19.19.7).
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►Alternatively, the first duplication is done analytically as in Carlson and FitzSimons (2000), where further information can be found.
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►Legendre’s integrals can be computed from symmetric integrals by using the relations in §19.25(i).
…The cancellations can be eliminated, however, by using (19.25.10).
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►Quadratic transformations can be applied to compute Bulirsch’s integrals (§19.2(iii)).
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16: 10.36 Other Differential Equations
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►The quantity in (10.13.1)–(10.13.6) and (10.13.8) can be replaced by if at the same time the symbol in the given solutions is replaced by .
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►Differential equations for products can be obtained from (10.13.9)–(10.13.11) by replacing by .
17: 34.9 Graphical Method
§34.9 Graphical Method
… ►Thus, any analytic expression in the theory, for example equations (34.3.16), (34.4.1), (34.5.15), and (34.7.3), may be represented by a diagram; conversely, any diagram represents an analytic equation. …For specific examples of the graphical method of representing sums involving the , and symbols, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, Chapters 11, 12) and Lehman and O’Connell (1973, §3.3).18: 3.6 Linear Difference Equations
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►In practice, however, problems of severe instability often arise and in §§3.6(ii)–3.6(vii) we show how these difficulties may be overcome.
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►Unless exact arithmetic is being used, however, each step of the calculation introduces rounding errors.
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►However, can be computed successfully in these circumstances by boundary-value methods, as follows.
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►The least value of that satisfies (3.6.9) is found to be 16.
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►Thus in the inhomogeneous case it may sometimes be necessary to recur backwards to achieve stability.
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19: 8.23 Statistical Applications
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►The function and its normalization play a similar role in statistics in connection with the beta distribution; see Johnson et al. (1995, pp. 210–275).
In queueing theory the Erlang loss function is used, which can be expressed in terms of the reciprocal of ; see Jagerman (1974) and Cooper (1981, pp. 80, 316–319).
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