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21: 28.14 Fourier Series

… ►

28.14.1 $${\mathrm{me}}_{\nu }(z,q)=\sum _{m=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{c}_{2m}^{\nu }(q){\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}(\nu +2m)z},$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{me}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $m$: integer, $q=h^2$: parameter, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter and $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients

A&S Ref:

20.3.8 (in slightly different form)

Referenced by:

§28.22(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.14.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.14 and Ch.28

►

28.14.2 $${\mathrm{ce}}_{\nu }(z,q)=\sum _{m=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{c}_{2m}^{\nu }(q)\cos (\nu +2m)z,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{ce}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cos z$: cosine function, $m$: integer, $q=h^2$: parameter, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter and $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.14.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.14 and Ch.28

►

28.14.3 $${\mathrm{se}}_{\nu }(z,q)=\sum _{m=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{c}_{2m}^{\nu }(q)\sin (\nu +2m)z,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{se}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\sin z$: sine function, $m$: integer, $q=h^2$: parameter, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter and $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.14.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.14 and Ch.28

… ►

28.14.5 $$\sum _{m=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\left(c_{2m}^{\nu }(q)\right)}^2=1;$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$m$: integer, $q=h^2$: parameter, $\nu$: complex parameter and $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients

Referenced by:

item (d)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.14.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.14 and Ch.28

… ►

28.14.6 $$\frac{c_{2m}^{\nu }(q)}{c_{2m\mp 2}^{\nu }(q)}=\frac{-q}{4m^2}\left(1+O\left(\frac{1}{m}\right)\right),$$ $m\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$O\left(x\right)$: order not exceeding, $m$: integer, $q=h^2$: parameter, $\nu$: complex parameter and $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.14.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.14 and Ch.28

…

22: 33.21 Asymptotic Approximations for Large $|r|$

… ►We indicate here how to obtain the limiting forms of $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, $s(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$, and $c(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ as $r\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$, with $ϵ$ and $\mathrm{\ell }$ fixed, in the following cases: ►

When $r\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$ with $ϵ>0$, Equations (33.16.4)–(33.16.7) are combined with (33.10.1).

►

When $r\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$ with , Equations (33.16.10)–(33.16.13) are combined with

33.21.1

${\zeta }_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\nu ,r)\sim {\mathrm{e}}^{-r/\nu }{(2r/\nu )}^{\nu },$

${\xi }_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\nu ,r)\sim {\mathrm{e}}^{r/\nu }{(2r/\nu )}^{-\nu }$ , $r\to \mathrm{\infty }$,

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\sim$: asymptotic equality, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $r$: real variable, $\nu$: parameter, ${\zeta }_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\nu ,r)$: function and ${\xi }_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\nu ,r)$: function

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.21.E1

Encodings:

pMML, pMML, png, png, TeX, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §33.21(i), §33.21 and Ch.33

33.21.2

${\zeta }_{\mathrm{\ell }}(-\nu ,r)\sim {\mathrm{e}}^{r/\nu }{(-2r/\nu )}^{-\nu },$

${\xi }_{\mathrm{\ell }}(-\nu ,r)\sim {\mathrm{e}}^{-r/\nu }{(-2r/\nu )}^{\nu },$ $r\to -\mathrm{\infty }$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\sim$: asymptotic equality, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{\ell }$: nonnegative integer, $r$: real variable, $\nu$: parameter, ${\zeta }_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\nu ,r)$: function and ${\xi }_{\mathrm{\ell }}(\nu ,r)$: function

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/33.21.E2

Encodings:

pMML, pMML, png, png, TeX, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §33.21(i), §33.21 and Ch.33

Corresponding approximations for $s(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ and $c(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ as $r\to \mathrm{\infty }$ can be obtained via (33.16.17), and as $r\to -\mathrm{\infty }$ via (33.16.18).

►

When $r\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$ with $ϵ=0$, combine (33.20.1), (33.20.2) with §§10.7(ii), 10.30(ii).

… ►For asymptotic expansions of $f(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ and $h(ϵ,\mathrm{\ell };r)$ as $r\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$ with $ϵ$ and $\mathrm{\ell }$ fixed, see Curtis (1964a, §6).

23: 20.5 Infinite Products and Related Results

… ►

20.5.9 $${\theta }_3\left(\pi z\right|\tau )=\sum _{n=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{p}^{2n}{q}^{n^2}=\prod _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\left(1-q^{2n}\right)\left(1+q^{2n-1}{p}^2\right)\left(1+q^{2n-1}{p}^{-2}\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\theta }_j\left(z\right|\tau )$: theta function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $n$: integer, $z$: complex, $\tau$: lattice parameter and $q$: nome

Referenced by:

§17.8, §20.12(i), §20.5(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/20.5.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §20.5(i), §20.5(i), §20.5 and Ch.20

… ►

20.5.10 $$\frac{{\theta }_1^{\prime }(z,q)}{{\theta }_1(z,q)}-\cot z=4\sin \left(2z\right)\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^{2n}}{1-2q^{2n}\cos \left(2z\right)+q^{4n}}=4\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^{2n}}{1-q^{2n}}\sin \left(2nz\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\theta }_j(z,q)$: theta function, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\cot z$: cotangent function, $\sin z$: sine function, $n$: integer, $z$: complex and $q$: nome

A&S Ref:

16.29.1

Referenced by:

§20.5(ii), §20.5(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/20.5.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §20.5(ii), §20.5 and Ch.20

►

20.5.11 $$\frac{{\theta }_2^{\prime }(z,q)}{{\theta }_2(z,q)}+\tan z=-4\sin \left(2z\right)\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^{2n}}{1+2q^{2n}\cos \left(2z\right)+q^{4n}}=4\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^n\frac{q^{2n}}{1-q^{2n}}\sin \left(2nz\right).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\theta }_j(z,q)$: theta function, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\sin z$: sine function, $\tan z$: tangent function, $n$: integer, $z$: complex and $q$: nome

A&S Ref:

16.29.2

Referenced by:

§20.5(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/20.5.E11

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §20.5(ii), §20.5 and Ch.20

… ►

20.5.12 $$\frac{{\theta }_3^{\prime }(z,q)}{{\theta }_3(z,q)}=-4\sin \left(2z\right)\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^{2n-1}}{1+2q^{2n-1}\cos \left(2z\right)+q^{4n-2}}=4\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^n\frac{q^n}{1-q^{2n}}\sin \left(2nz\right),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\theta }_j(z,q)$: theta function, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\sin z$: sine function, $n$: integer, $z$: complex and $q$: nome

A&S Ref:

16.29.3

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/20.5.E12

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §20.5(ii), §20.5 and Ch.20

►

20.5.13 $$\frac{{\theta }_4^{\prime }(z,q)}{{\theta }_4(z,q)}=4\sin \left(2z\right)\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^{2n-1}}{1-2q^{2n-1}\cos \left(2z\right)+q^{4n-2}}=4\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^n}{1-q^{2n}}\sin \left(2nz\right).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\theta }_j(z,q)$: theta function, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\sin z$: sine function, $n$: integer, $z$: complex and $q$: nome

A&S Ref:

16.29.4

Referenced by:

§20.5(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/20.5.E13

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §20.5(ii), §20.5 and Ch.20

…

24: 25.8 Sums

… ►

25.8.1 $$\sum _{k=2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\left(\zeta \left(k\right)-1\right)=1.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function and $k$: nonnegative integer

Keywords:

infinite series

Source:

Adamchik and Srivastava (1998, (1.4), p. 132)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.8.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.8 and Ch.25

►

25.8.2 $$\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(s+k\right)}{(k+1)!}\left(\zeta \left(s+k\right)-1\right)=\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(s-1\right),$$ $s\ne 1,0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $k$: nonnegative integer and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

infinite series

Source:

Landau (1953, (2), p. 273); with (5.2.4), (5.2.5)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.8.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.8 and Ch.25

►

25.8.3 $$\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(s\right)}_k\zeta \left(s+k\right)}{k!2^{s+k}}=(1-2^{-s})\zeta \left(s\right),$$ $s\ne 1$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $k$: nonnegative integer and $s$: complex variable

Keywords:

infinite series

Source:

Srivastava (1988, (2.6), p. 131); with $k=0$ term

Referenced by:

§25.11(iv), Erratum (V1.0.9) for Chapters 7, 25

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.8.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Notational Change (effective with 1.0.9):

We have rewritten the original summation ${\sum }_{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(s+k\right)\zeta \left(s+k\right)}{k!\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(s\right)2^{s+k}}$ more concisely as ${\sum }_{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(s\right)}_k\zeta \left(s+k\right)}{k!2^{s+k}}$ using the Pochhammer symbol.

See also:

Annotations for §25.8 and Ch.25

… ►

25.8.5 $$\sum _{k=2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\zeta \left(k\right)z^k=-\gamma z-z\psi \left(1-z\right),$$ .

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\psi \left(z\right)$: psi (or digamma) function, $k$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

Keywords:

infinite series

Source:

Erdélyi et al. (1953a, (1.17.5), p. 45); with $z\mapsto -z$

Referenced by:

(25.8.7)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.8.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.8 and Ch.25

… ►

25.8.9 $$\sum _{k=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{\zeta \left(2k\right)}{(2k+1)2^{2k}}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\ln 2.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function and $k$: nonnegative integer

Keywords:

infinite series

Source:

Srivastava and Choi (2001, (467), p. 212)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.8.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §25.8 and Ch.25

…

25: 32.5 Integral Equations

… ►

32.5.1 $$K(z,\zeta )=k\mathrm{Ai}\left(\frac{z+\zeta }{2}\right)+\frac{k^2}{4}{\int }_z^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\int }_z^{\mathrm{\infty }}K(z,s)\mathrm{Ai}\left(\frac{s+t}{2}\right)\mathrm{Ai}\left(\frac{t+\zeta }{2}\right)dsdt,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $z$: real, $k$: real and $K(z,\zeta )$: solution

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/32.5.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §32.5 and Ch.32

… ►

32.5.3 $$w(z)\sim k\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right),$$ $z\to +\mathrm{\infty }$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $\sim$: asymptotic equality, $z$: real and $k$: real

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/32.5.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §32.5 and Ch.32

26: 32.4 Isomonodromy Problems

… ►where ${\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}$ is an arbitrary constant, is ►

32.4.10 $$z{u}_0^{\prime }={\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}{u}_0-z{v}_0{v}_1,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$z$: real and ${\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}$: constant

Referenced by:

§32.4(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/32.4.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §32.4(iv), §32.4 and Ch.32

►

32.4.11 $$z{u}_1^{\prime }=-{\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}{u}_1-(z(2v_0-z)/(2v_1)),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$z$: real and ${\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}$: constant

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/32.4.E11

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §32.4(iv), §32.4 and Ch.32

… ►

32.4.13 $$z{v}_1^{\prime }=2u_0-2u_1{v}_1^2-{\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}{v}_1.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$z$: real and ${\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}$: constant

Referenced by:

§32.4(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/32.4.E13

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §32.4(iv), §32.4 and Ch.32

… ►

32.4.14 $$z{w}^{\prime }=(4v_0-z)w^2+(2{\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}-1)w+z,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$z$: real and ${\theta }_{\mathrm{\infty }}$: constant

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/32.4.E14

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §32.4(iv), §32.4 and Ch.32

…

27: 6.15 Sums

… ►

6.15.1 $$\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\mathrm{Ci}\left(\pi n\right)=\frac{1}{2}(\ln 2-\gamma ),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{Ci}\left(z\right)$: cosine integral, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/6.15.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §6.15 and Ch.6

►

6.15.2 $$\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{\mathrm{si}\left(\pi n\right)}{n}=\frac{1}{2}\pi (\ln \pi -1),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, $\mathrm{si}\left(z\right)$: sine integral and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/6.15.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §6.15 and Ch.6

►

6.15.3 $$\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^n\mathrm{Ci}\left(2\pi n\right)=1-\ln 2-\frac{1}{2}\gamma ,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{Ci}\left(z\right)$: cosine integral, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/6.15.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §6.15 and Ch.6

►

6.15.4 $$\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^n\frac{\mathrm{si}\left(2\pi n\right)}{n}=\pi (\frac{3}{2}\ln 2-1).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, $\mathrm{si}\left(z\right)$: sine integral and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/6.15.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §6.15 and Ch.6

…

28: 28.17 Stability as $x\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$

§28.17 Stability as $x\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$

►If all solutions of (28.2.1) are bounded when $x\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$ along the real axis, then the corresponding pair of parameters $(a,q)$ is called stable. … ►For example, as $x\to +\mathrm{\infty }$ one of the solutions ${\mathrm{me}}_{\nu }(x,q)$ and ${\mathrm{me}}_{\nu }(-x,q)$ tends to $0$ and the other is unbounded (compare Figure 28.13.5). …

29: 28.19 Expansions in Series of ${\mathrm{me}}_{\nu +2n}$ Functions

… ►

28.19.2 $$f(z)=\sum _{n=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{f}_n{\mathrm{me}}_{\nu +2n}(z,q),$$

ⓘ

Defines:

$f(z)$: function (locally)

Symbols:

${\mathrm{me}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $q=h^2$: parameter, $n$: integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter and $f_n$: coefficients

Referenced by:

§28.19

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.19.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.19 and Ch.28

… ►

28.19.4 $${\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\nu z}=\sum _{n=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{c}_{-2n}^{\nu +2n}(q){\mathrm{me}}_{\nu +2n}(z,q),$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

${\mathrm{me}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $q=h^2$: parameter, $n$: integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter and $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.19.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.19, §28.19 and Ch.28

…

30: 5.16 Sums

… ►

5.16.1 $$\sum _{k=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k{\psi }^{\prime }\left(k\right)=-\frac{{\pi }^2}{8},$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\psi \left(z\right)$: psi (or digamma) function and $k$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.16.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §5.16 and Ch.5

►

5.16.2 $$\sum _{k=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{1}{k}{\psi }^{\prime }\left(k+1\right)=\zeta \left(3\right)=-\frac{1}{2}{\psi }^{\prime \prime }\left(1\right).$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\psi \left(z\right)$: psi (or digamma) function and $k$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.16.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §5.16 and Ch.5

…