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1: 24.1 Special Notation

… ►

Bernoulli Numbers and Polynomials

►The origin of the notation

B_{n}

B_{n}\left(x\right)

, is not clear. … ►

Euler Numbers and Polynomials

… ►Its coefficients were first studied in Euler (1755); they were called Euler numbers by Raabe in 1851. The notations

E_{n}

E_{n}\left(x\right)

, as defined in §24.2(ii), were used in Lucas (1891) and Nörlund (1924). …

… ► 1923 in Helper, Utah, d. … ►He was internationally known for his textbooks on calculus, analysis, and analytic number theory, which have been translated into five languages, and for creating Project MATHEMATICS!, a series of video programs that bring mathematics to life with computer animation, live action, music, and special effects. … ►In 1998, the Mathematical Association of America (MAA) awarded him the annual Trevor Evans Award, presented to authors of an exceptional article that is accessible to undergraduates, for his piece entitled “What Is the Most Surprising Result in Mathematics?” (Answer: the prime number theorem). … ►

27 Functions of Number Theory

…

3: Bibliography L

… ►

J. LeCaine (1945) A table of integrals involving the functions

E_{n}(x)

ⓘ

Notes:: National Research Council of Canada, Division of Atomic Energy, Document no. MT-131 (NRC 1553)
Referenced by:: §8.19(x).
Encodings:: BibTeX

… ►

D. J. Leeming (1977) An asymptotic estimate for the Bernoulli and Euler numbers. Canad. Math. Bull. 20 (1), pp. 109–111.

ⓘ

External Links:: MathReview (D. H. Lehmer), ZentralBlatt
Referenced by:: §24.11.
Encodings:: BibTeX

… ►

D. H. Lehmer (1941) Guide to Tables in the Theory of Numbers. Bulletin of the National Research Council, No. 105, National Research Council, Washington, D.C..

ⓘ

Notes:: Reprinted in 1961.
External Links:: MathReview (R. D. Carmichael), ZentralBlatt
Referenced by:: §27.20, §27.20, §27.21, §27.21.
Encodings:: BibTeX

►

D. N. Lehmer (1914) List of Prime Numbers from 1 to 10,006,721. Publ. No. 165, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C..

ⓘ

External Links:: ZentralBlatt
Referenced by:: §27.21.
Encodings:: BibTeX

… ►

W. Luther (1995) Highly accurate tables for elementary functions. BIT 35 (3), pp. 352–360.

ⓘ

External Links:: ISSN 0006-3835, Document, MathReview, ZentralBlatt
Referenced by:: §4.45(i), §4.46.
Encodings:: BibTeX

…

4: 8.19 Generalized Exponential Integral

… ►For

j=1,2,3,\dots

, ►

8.19.15

\frac{{\partial}^{j}E_{p}\left(z\right)}{{\partial p}^{j}}=(-1)^{j}\int_{1}^{% \infty}(\ln t)^{j}t^{-p}e^{-zt}\,\mathrm{d}t,

\Re z>0

ⓘ

Symbols:: $\,\mathrm{d}\NVar{x}$ : differential of $x$ , $\mathrm{e}$ : base of natural logarithm, $E_{\NVar{p}}\left(\NVar{z}\right)$ : generalized exponential integral, $\int$ : integral, $\ln\NVar{z}$ : principal branch of logarithm function, $\frac{\partial\NVar{f}}{\partial\NVar{x}}$ : partial derivative of $f$ with respect to $x$ , $\,\partial\NVar{x}$ : partial differential of $x$ , $\Re$ : real part, $z$ : complex variable, $p$ : parameter and $j$ : numbers
Permalink:: http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.19.E15
Encodings:: pMML, png, TeX
See also:: Annotations for §8.19(v), §8.19(v), §8.19 and Ch.8

… ►For collections of integrals involving

E_{p}\left(z\right)

, especially for integer

p

, see Apelblat (1983, §§7.1–7.2) and LeCaine (1945). …

5: 26.11 Integer Partitions: Compositions

… ►

c\left(n\right)

denotes the number of compositions of

n

, and

c_{m}\left(n\right)

is the number of compositions into exactly

m

parts.

c\left(\in\!T,n\right)

is the number of compositions of

n

with no 1’s, where again

T=\{2,3,4,\ldots\}

. … ►

26.11.1

c\left(0\right)=c\left(\in\!T,0\right)=1.

ⓘ

Symbols:: $\in$ : element of, $c\left(\NVar{n}\right)$ : number of compositions of $n$ , $c\left(\NVar{\mathrm{condition}},\NVar{n}\right)$ : restricted number of compositions of $n$ and $T$ : set
Permalink:: http://dlmf.nist.gov/26.11.E1
Encodings:: pMML, png, TeX
See also:: Annotations for §26.11 and Ch.26

… ►The Fibonacci numbers are determined recursively by … ►Additional information on Fibonacci numbers can be found in Rosen et al. (2000, pp. 140–145).

6: 27.18 Methods of Computation: Primes

§27.18 Methods of Computation: Primes

►An overview of methods for precise counting of the number of primes not exceeding an arbitrary integer

x

is given in Crandall and Pomerance (2005, §3.7). …An analytic approach using a contour integral of the Riemann zeta function (§25.2(i)) is discussed in Borwein et al. (2000). … ►These algorithms are used for testing primality of Mersenne numbers,

2^{n}-1

, and Fermat numbers,

2^{2^{n}}+1

. …

7: 26.6 Other Lattice Path Numbers

§26.6 Other Lattice Path Numbers

… ►

Delannoy Number $D(m,n)$

… ►

Motzkin Number $M(n)$

… ►

Narayana Number $N(n,k)$

… ►

§26.6(iv) Identities

…

8: 24.15 Related Sequences of Numbers

§24.15 Related Sequences of Numbers

►

§24.15(i) Genocchi Numbers

… ►

§24.15(ii) Tangent Numbers

… ►

§24.15(iii) Stirling Numbers

… ►

§24.15(iv) Fibonacci and Lucas Numbers

…

9: 26.5 Lattice Paths: Catalan Numbers

§26.5 Lattice Paths: Catalan Numbers

►

§26.5(i) Definitions

►

C\left(n\right)

is the Catalan number. … ►

§26.5(ii) Generating Function

… ►

§26.5(iii) Recurrence Relations

…

10: 4.19 Maclaurin Series and Laurent Series

… ►In (4.19.3)–(4.19.9),

B_{n}

are the Bernoulli numbers and

E_{n}

are the Euler numbers (§§24.2(i)–24.2(ii)). ►

4.19.3

\tan z=z+\frac{z^{3}}{3}+\frac{2}{15}z^{5}+\frac{17}{315}z^{7}+\cdots+\frac{(-% 1)^{n-1}2^{2n}(2^{2n}-1)B_{2n}}{(2n)!}z^{2n-1}+\cdots,

|z|<\frac{1}{2}\pi

ⓘ

Symbols:: $B_{\NVar{n}}$ : Bernoulli numbers, $\pi$ : the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $!$ : factorial (as in $n!$ ), $\tan\NVar{z}$ : tangent function, $n$ : integer and $z$ : complex variable
A&S Ref:: 4.3.67
Referenced by:: §4.19
Permalink:: http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.19.E3
Encodings:: pMML, png, TeX
See also:: Annotations for §4.19 and Ch.4

►

4.19.4

\csc z=\frac{1}{z}+\frac{z}{6}+\frac{7}{360}z^{3}+\frac{31}{15120}z^{5}+\cdots% +\frac{(-1)^{n-1}2(2^{2n-1}-1)B_{2n}}{(2n)!}z^{2n-1}+\cdots,

0<|z|<\pi

ⓘ

Symbols:: $B_{\NVar{n}}$ : Bernoulli numbers, $\pi$ : the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\csc\NVar{z}$ : cosecant function, $!$ : factorial (as in $n!$ ), $n$ : integer and $z$ : complex variable
A&S Ref:: 4.3.68
Referenced by:: §4.33
Permalink:: http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.19.E4
Encodings:: pMML, png, TeX
See also:: Annotations for §4.19 and Ch.4

►

4.19.5

\sec z=1+\frac{z^{2}}{2}+\frac{5}{24}z^{4}+\frac{61}{720}z^{6}+\cdots+\frac{(-% 1)^{n}E_{2n}}{(2n)!}z^{2n}+\cdots,

|z|<\frac{1}{2}\pi

ⓘ

Symbols:: $E_{\NVar{n}}$ : Euler numbers, $\pi$ : the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $!$ : factorial (as in $n!$ ), $\sec\NVar{z}$ : secant function, $n$ : integer and $z$ : complex variable
A&S Ref:: 4.3.69
Referenced by:: §24.1, §24.19(i), §24.2(ii)
Permalink:: http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.19.E5
Encodings:: pMML, png, TeX
See also:: Annotations for §4.19 and Ch.4

►

4.19.6

\cot z=\frac{1}{z}-\frac{z}{3}-\frac{z^{3}}{45}-\frac{2}{945}z^{5}-\cdots-% \frac{(-1)^{n-1}2^{2n}B_{2n}}{(2n)!}z^{2n-1}-\cdots,

0<|z|<\pi

ⓘ

Symbols:: $B_{\NVar{n}}$ : Bernoulli numbers, $\pi$ : the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\cot\NVar{z}$ : cotangent function, $!$ : factorial (as in $n!$ ), $n$ : integer and $z$ : complex variable
A&S Ref:: 4.3.70
Permalink:: http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.19.E6
Encodings:: pMML, png, TeX
See also:: Annotations for §4.19 and Ch.4

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