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21: 24.10 Arithmetic Properties

§24.10 Arithmetic Properties

… ►Here and elsewhere two rational numbers are congruent if the modulus divides the numerator of their difference. ►

§24.10(ii) Kummer Congruences

… ►

§24.10(iii) Voronoi’s Congruence

… ►

§24.10(iv) Factors

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22: 24.14 Sums

§24.14 Sums

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§24.14(i) Quadratic Recurrence Relations

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24.14.2 $$\sum _{k=0}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{n}{k}\right)B_k{B}_{n-k}=(1-n)B_n-n{B}_{n-1}.$$

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $k$: integer and $n$: integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.14.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.14(i), §24.14 and Ch.24

… ►

§24.14(ii) Higher-Order Recurrence Relations

… ►For other sums involving Bernoulli and Euler numbers and polynomials see Hansen (1975, pp. 331–347) and Prudnikov et al. (1990, pp. 383–386).

23: 27.3 Multiplicative Properties

§27.3 Multiplicative Properties

►Except for $\nu \left(n\right)$, $\mathrm{\Lambda }\left(n\right)$, $p_n$, and $\pi \left(x\right)$, the functions in §27.2 are multiplicative, which means $f(1)=1$ and … ►

27.3.2 $$f(n)=\prod _{r=1}^{\nu \left(n\right)}f(p_r^{a_r}).$$

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Symbols:

$\nu \left(n\right)$: number of distinct primes dividing a number, $n$: positive integer, $p,p_1,\mathrm{\dots }$: prime numbers, $a_r$: positive exponent and $f(n)$: multiplicative function

Referenced by:

§27.20, §27.20, §27.3

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/27.3.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §27.3 and Ch.27

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27.3.6 $${\sigma }_{\alpha }\left(n\right)=\prod _{r=1}^{\nu \left(n\right)}\frac{p_r^{\alpha (1+a_r)}-1}{p_r^{\alpha }-1},$$ $\alpha \ne 0$.

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Symbols:

${\sigma }_{\alpha }\left(n\right)$: sum of powers of divisors of a number, $\nu \left(n\right)$: number of distinct primes dividing a number, $n$: positive integer, $p,p_1,\mathrm{\dots }$: prime numbers and $a_r$: positive exponent

A&S Ref:

24.3.3 I.C

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/27.3.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §27.3 and Ch.27

… ►

27.3.10 $$f(n)=\prod _{r=1}^{\nu \left(n\right)}{\left(f(p_r)\right)}^{a_r}.$$

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Symbols:

$\nu \left(n\right)$: number of distinct primes dividing a number, $n$: positive integer, $p,p_1,\mathrm{\dots }$: prime numbers, $a_r$: positive exponent and $f(n)$: multiplicative function

Referenced by:

§27.20, §27.20

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/27.3.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §27.3 and Ch.27

24: 27.1 Special Notation

§27.1 Special Notation

… ► ►►►►

$d,k,m,n$	positive integers (unless otherwise indicated).
…
$p,p_1,p_2,\mathrm{\dots }$	prime numbers (or primes): integers ($>1$) with only two positive integer divisors, $1$ and the number itself.
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$x,y$	real numbers.
…

25: 27.12 Asymptotic Formulas: Primes

§27.12 Asymptotic Formulas: Primes

… ►

Prime Number Theorem

… ►The number of such primes not exceeding $x$ is … ►There are infinitely many Carmichael numbers.

26: 27.2 Functions

… ►

§27.2(i) Definitions

… ►where $p_1,p_2,\mathrm{\dots },p_{\nu \left(n\right)}$ are the distinct prime factors of $n$, each exponent $a_r$ is positive, and $\nu \left(n\right)$ is the number of distinct primes dividing $n$. … ►(See Gauss (1863, Band II, pp. 437–477) and Legendre (1808, p. 394).) … ► … ►

§27.2(ii) Tables

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27: 24.5 Recurrence Relations

§24.5 Recurrence Relations

… ►

24.5.3 $$\sum _{k=0}^{n-1}\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{n}{k}\right)B_k=0,$$ $n=2,3,\mathrm{\dots }$,

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $k$: integer and $n$: integer

Referenced by:

§24.19(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.5.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.5(i), §24.5 and Ch.24

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24.5.5 $$\sum _{k=0}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{n}{k}\right)2^k{E}_{n-k}+E_n=2.$$

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Symbols:

$E_n$: Euler numbers, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $k$: integer and $n$: integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.5.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.5(i), §24.5 and Ch.24

►

§24.5(ii) Other Identities

… ►

§24.5(iii) Inversion Formulas

…

28: Errata

… ►This release increments the minor version number and contains considerable additions of new material and clarifications. … ►This release increments the minor version number and contains considerable additions of new material and clarifications. These additions were facilitated by an extension of the scheme for reference numbers; with “_” introducing intermediate numbers. These enable insertions of new numbered objects between existing ones without affecting their permanent identifiers and URLs. … ►

Originally the Stirling number $s(10,6)$ was given incorrectly as 6327. The correct number is 63273.

$n$	$k$
	$0$	$1$	$2$	$3$	$4$	$5$	$6$	$7$	$8$	$9$	$10$
10	$0$	$-\mathrm{3\hspace{0.17em}62880}$	$\mathrm{10\hspace{0.17em}26576}$	$-\mathrm{11\hspace{0.17em}72700}$	$\mathrm{7\hspace{0.17em}23680}$	$-\mathrm{2\hspace{0.17em}69325}$	$63273$	$-9450$	$870$	$-45$	$1$

Reported 2013-11-25 by Svante Janson.

…

29: 24.6 Explicit Formulas

§24.6 Explicit Formulas

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24.6.1 $$B_{2n}=\sum _{k=2}^{2n+1}\frac{{(-1)}^{k-1}}{k}\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{2n+1}{k}\right)\sum _{j=1}^{k-1}{j}^{2n},$$

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $j$: integer, $k$: integer and $n$: integer

Referenced by:

§24.6

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.6.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.6 and Ch.24

… ►

24.6.4 $$E_{2n}=\sum _{k=1}^n\frac{1}{2^{k-1}}\sum _{j=1}^k{(-1)}^j\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{2k}{k-j}\right)j^{2n},$$

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Symbols:

$E_n$: Euler numbers, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $j$: integer, $k$: integer and $n$: integer

Referenced by:

§24.6

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.6.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.6 and Ch.24

… ►

24.6.9 $$B_n=\sum _{k=0}^n\frac{1}{k+1}\sum _{j=0}^k{(-1)}^j\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{k}{j}\right)j^n,$$

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $j$: integer, $k$: integer and $n$: integer

Referenced by:

§24.6

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.6.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.6 and Ch.24

… ►

24.6.12 $$E_{2n}=\sum _{k=0}^{2n}\frac{1}{2^k}\sum _{j=0}^k{(-1)}^j\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{k}{j}\right){(1+2j)}^{2n}.$$

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Symbols:

$E_n$: Euler numbers, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $j$: integer, $k$: integer and $n$: integer

Referenced by:

§24.6, §24.6

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.6.E12

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.6 and Ch.24

30: 27.13 Functions

… ►

§27.13(i) Introduction

►Whereas multiplicative number theory is concerned with functions arising from prime factorization, additive number theory treats functions related to addition of integers. …The subsections that follow describe problems from additive number theory. … ►

§27.13(ii) Goldbach Conjecture

… ►

§27.13(iii) Waring’s Problem

…