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1: 22.16 Related Functions

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Approximations for Small $k$, $k^{\prime }$

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2: 11.1 Special Notation

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$x$	real variable.
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$k$	nonnegative integer.
$\delta$	arbitrary small positive constant.

… ►For the functions $J_{\nu }\left(z\right)$, $Y_{\nu }\left(z\right)$, $H_{\nu }^{(1)}\left(z\right)$, $H_{\nu }^{(2)}\left(z\right)$, $I_{\nu }\left(z\right)$, and $K_{\nu }\left(z\right)$ see §§10.2(ii), 10.25(ii). ►The functions treated in this chapter are the Struve functions ${\mathbf{H}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$ and ${\mathbf{K}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$, the modified Struve functions ${\mathbf{L}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$ and ${\mathbf{M}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$, the Lommel functions $s_{\mu ,\nu }\left(z\right)$ and $S_{\mu ,\nu }\left(z\right)$, the Anger function ${\mathbf{J}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$, the Weber function ${\mathbf{E}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$, and the associated Anger–Weber function ${\mathbf{A}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$.

3: 11.6 Asymptotic Expansions

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11.6.1 $${\mathbf{K}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)\sim \frac{1}{\pi }\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(k+\frac{1}{2}\right){(\frac{1}{2}z)}^{\nu -2k-1}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\nu +\frac{1}{2}-k\right)},$$ $|\mathrm{ph}z|\le \pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\mathbf{K}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: Struve function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: real or complex order, $k$: nonnegative integer and $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant

A&S Ref:

12.1.29

Referenced by:

§11.6(i), §11.6(i), §11.6(i), §11.6(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/11.6.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §11.6(i), §11.6 and Ch.11

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11.6.2 $${\mathbf{M}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)\sim \frac{1}{\pi }\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{k+1}\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(k+\frac{1}{2}\right){(\frac{1}{2}z)}^{\nu -2k-1}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\nu +\frac{1}{2}-k\right)},$$ $|\mathrm{ph}z|\le \frac{1}{2}\pi -\delta$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\mathbf{M}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: modified Struve function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: real or complex order, $k$: nonnegative integer and $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant

A&S Ref:

12.2.6

Referenced by:

§11.6(i), §11.6(i), §11.6(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/11.6.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §11.6(i), §11.6 and Ch.11

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11.6.3 $${\int }_0^z{\mathbf{K}}_0\left(t\right)dt-\frac{2}{\pi }(\ln \left(2z\right)+\gamma )\sim \frac{2}{\pi }\sum _{k=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{k+1}\frac{(2k)!(2k-1)!}{{(k!)}^2{(2z)}^{2k}},$$ $|\mathrm{ph}z|\le \pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, ${\mathbf{K}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: Struve function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $dx$: differential, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\int$: integral, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $k$: nonnegative integer and $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant

A&S Ref:

12.1.32

Referenced by:

§11.6(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/11.6.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §11.6(i), §11.6 and Ch.11

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11.6.6 $${\mathbf{K}}_{\nu }\left(\lambda \nu \right)\sim \frac{{(\frac{1}{2}\lambda \nu )}^{\nu -1}}{\sqrt{\pi }\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\nu +\frac{1}{2}\right)}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{k!c_k(\lambda )}{{\nu }^k},$$ $|\mathrm{ph}\nu |\le \frac{1}{2}\pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\mathbf{K}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: Struve function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\nu$: real or complex order, $k$: nonnegative integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant, $\lambda$: parameter and $c_k(\lambda )$: expansion function

A&S Ref:

12.1.34

Referenced by:

§11.6(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/11.6.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §11.6(iii), §11.6 and Ch.11

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11.6.7 $${\mathbf{M}}_{\nu }\left(\lambda \nu \right)\sim -\frac{{(\frac{1}{2}\lambda \nu )}^{\nu -1}}{\sqrt{\pi }\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(\nu +\frac{1}{2}\right)}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{k!c_k(\mathrm{i}\lambda )}{{\nu }^k},$$ $|\mathrm{ph}\nu |\le \frac{1}{2}\pi -\delta$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\mathbf{M}}_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: modified Struve function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\nu$: real or complex order, $k$: nonnegative integer, $\delta$: arbitrary small positive constant, $\lambda$: parameter and $c_k(\lambda )$: expansion function

Referenced by:

§11.6(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/11.6.E7

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §11.6(iii), §11.6 and Ch.11

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4: 8.20 Asymptotic Expansions of $E_p\left(z\right)$

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8.20.2 $$E_p\left(z\right)\sim \frac{{\mathrm{e}}^{-z}}{z}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k\frac{{\left(p\right)}_k}{z^k},$$ $|\mathrm{ph}z|\le \frac{3}{2}\pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $E_p\left(z\right)$: generalized exponential integral, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $p$: parameter, $k$: nonnegative integer and $\delta$: small positive constant

Referenced by:

§8.20(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.20.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §8.20(i), §8.20 and Ch.8

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8.20.3 $$E_p\left(z\right)\sim \pm \frac{2\pi \mathrm{i}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(p\right)}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mp p\pi \mathrm{i}}{z}^{p-1}+\frac{{\mathrm{e}}^{-z}}{z}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-1)}^k{\left(p\right)}_k}{z^k},$$ $\frac{1}{2}\pi +\delta \le \pm \mathrm{ph}z\le \frac{7}{2}\pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $E_p\left(z\right)$: generalized exponential integral, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $z$: complex variable, $p$: parameter, $k$: nonnegative integer and $\delta$: small positive constant

Referenced by:

§2.11(ii), §8.20(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.20.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §8.20(i), §8.20 and Ch.8

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5: 8.1 Special Notation

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$x$	real variable.
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$k,n$	nonnegative integers.
$\delta$	arbitrary small positive constant.
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6: 30.1 Special Notation

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$x$	real variable. Except in §§30.7(iv), 30.11(ii), 30.13, and 30.14, .
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$k$	integer.
$\delta$	arbitrary small positive constant.

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7: 8.12 Uniform Asymptotic Expansions for Large Parameter

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8.12.15 $$Q(a,a)\sim \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi a}}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{c}_k(0)a^{-k},$$ $|\mathrm{ph}a|\le \pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $Q(a,z)$: normalized incomplete gamma function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $a$: parameter, $k$: nonnegative integer, $\delta$: small positive constant and $c_k(\eta )$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.12.E15

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §8.12 and Ch.8

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8.12.16 $$\frac{{\mathrm{e}}^{\pm \pi \mathrm{i}a}}{2\mathrm{i}\sin \left(\pi a\right)}Q(-a,a{\mathrm{e}}^{\pm \pi \mathrm{i}})\sim \pm \frac{1}{2}-\frac{\mathrm{i}}{\sqrt{2\pi a}}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{c}_k(0){(-a)}^{-k},$$ $|\mathrm{ph}a|\le \pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $Q(a,z)$: normalized incomplete gamma function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\sin z$: sine function, $a$: parameter, $k$: nonnegative integer, $\delta$: small positive constant and $c_k(\eta )$: coefficients

Referenced by:

(8.12.5), Erratum (V1.0.16) for Equation (8.12.5)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.12.E16

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §8.12 and Ch.8

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8: 10.17 Asymptotic Expansions for Large Argument

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10.17.3 $$J_{\nu }\left(z\right)\sim {\left(\frac{2}{\pi z}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\left(\cos \omega \sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k\frac{a_{2k}(\nu )}{z^{2k}}-\sin \omega \sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k\frac{a_{2k+1}(\nu )}{z^{2k+1}}\right),$$ $|\mathrm{ph}z|\le \pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$J_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: Bessel function of the first kind, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\sin z$: sine function, $k$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter, $\delta$: small positive constant, $a_k(\nu )$: polynomial coefficient and $\omega$

A&S Ref:

9.2.5

Referenced by:

§10.17(i), §10.17(iii), §10.17(iv), §10.18(iii), §10.24, §10.49(i), §10.61(v), §10.7(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/10.17.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §10.17(i), §10.17 and Ch.10

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10.17.4 $$Y_{\nu }\left(z\right)\sim {\left(\frac{2}{\pi z}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\left(\sin \omega \sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k\frac{a_{2k}(\nu )}{z^{2k}}+\cos \omega \sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k\frac{a_{2k+1}(\nu )}{z^{2k+1}}\right),$$ $|\mathrm{ph}z|\le \pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$Y_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: Bessel function of the second kind, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\sin z$: sine function, $k$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter, $\delta$: small positive constant, $a_k(\nu )$: polynomial coefficient and $\omega$

A&S Ref:

9.2.6

Referenced by:

§10.17(iii), §10.17(iv), §10.18(iii), §10.24, §10.7(ii), §11.6(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/10.17.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §10.17(i), §10.17 and Ch.10

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10.17.5 $$H_{\nu }^{(1)}\left(z\right)\sim {\left(\frac{2}{\pi z}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}{\mathrm{e}}^{\mathrm{i}\omega }\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{\mathrm{i}}^k\frac{a_k(\nu )}{z^k},$$ $-\pi +\delta \le \mathrm{ph}z\le 2\pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$H_{\nu }^{(1)}\left(z\right)$: Bessel function of the third kind (or Hankel function), $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $k$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter, $\delta$: small positive constant, $a_k(\nu )$: polynomial coefficient and $\omega$

A&S Ref:

9.2.7

Referenced by:

§10.17(i), §10.17(iii), §10.17(iv), §10.41(v)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/10.17.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §10.17(i), §10.17 and Ch.10

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10.17.6 $$H_{\nu }^{(2)}\left(z\right)\sim {\left(\frac{2}{\pi z}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}{\mathrm{e}}^{-\mathrm{i}\omega }\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-\mathrm{i})}^k\frac{a_k(\nu )}{z^k},$$ $-2\pi +\delta \le \mathrm{ph}z\le \pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$H_{\nu }^{(2)}\left(z\right)$: Bessel function of the third kind (or Hankel function), $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $k$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter, $\delta$: small positive constant, $a_k(\nu )$: polynomial coefficient and $\omega$

A&S Ref:

9.2.8

Referenced by:

§10.17(i), §10.17(iii), §10.17(iv), §10.41(v), §10.49(i), §10.61(v)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/10.17.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §10.17(i), §10.17 and Ch.10

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10.17.9 $$J_{\nu }^{\prime }\left(z\right)\sim -{\left(\frac{2}{\pi z}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\left(\sin \omega \sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k\frac{b_{2k}(\nu )}{z^{2k}}+\cos \omega \sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k\frac{b_{2k+1}(\nu )}{z^{2k+1}}\right),$$ $|\mathrm{ph}z|\le \pi -\delta$,

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Symbols:

$J_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: Bessel function of the first kind, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $\sin z$: sine function, $k$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter, $\delta$: small positive constant, $\omega$ and $b_k(\nu )$: polynomial coefficient

A&S Ref:

9.2.11

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/10.17.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §10.17(ii), §10.17 and Ch.10

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9: 8.11 Asymptotic Approximations and Expansions

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8.11.6 $$\gamma (a,z)\sim -z^a{\mathrm{e}}^{-z}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-a)}^k{b}_k(\lambda )}{{(z-a)}^{2k+1}},$$ , $|\mathrm{ph}a|\le \frac{\pi }{2}-\delta$.

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Symbols:

$\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\gamma (a,z)$: incomplete gamma function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $x$: real variable, $z$: complex variable, $a$: parameter, $k$: nonnegative integer, $\delta$: small positive constant, $\lambda$: parameter and $b_k(\lambda )$: coefficients

Notes:

See Paris (2002b)

Referenced by:

§8.11(iii), Erratum (V1.0.14) for Subsections 8.18(ii)–8.11(v)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.11.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.14):

Originally this equation was stated for real variables $a$ and $x(=\lambda a)$, . It has been extended to allow for complex variables $a$ and $z(=\lambda a)$, where and $|\mathrm{ph}a|\le \frac{\pi }{2}-\delta$.

See also:

Annotations for §8.11(iii), §8.11 and Ch.8

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8.11.7 $$\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,z)\sim z^a{\mathrm{e}}^{-z}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-a)}^k{b}_k(\lambda )}{{(z-a)}^{2k+1}},$$ $\lambda >1$, $|\mathrm{ph}a|\le \frac{3\pi }{2}-\delta$.

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,z)$: incomplete gamma function, $\mathrm{ph}$: phase, $x$: real variable, $z$: complex variable, $a$: parameter, $k$: nonnegative integer, $\delta$: small positive constant, $\lambda$: parameter and $b_k(\lambda )$: coefficients

Referenced by:

§8.11(iii), §8.11(iii), §8.11(iii), Erratum (V1.0.14) for Subsections 8.18(ii)–8.11(v)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.11.E7

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.14):

Originally this equation was stated for real variables $a$ and $x(=\lambda a)$, $\lambda >1$. It has been extended to allow for complex variables $a$ and $z(=\lambda a)$, where $\lambda >1$ and $|\mathrm{ph}a|\le \frac{3\pi }{2}-\delta$.

See also:

Annotations for §8.11(iii), §8.11 and Ch.8

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10: 36.5 Stokes Sets

… ►Stokes sets are surfaces (codimension one) in $\mathbf{x}$ space, across which ${\mathrm{\Psi }}_K(\mathbf{x};k)$ or ${\mathrm{\Psi }}^{(\mathrm{U})}(\mathbf{x};k)$ acquires an exponentially-small asymptotic contribution (in $k$), associated with a complex critical point of ${\mathrm{\Phi }}_K$ or ${\mathrm{\Phi }}^{(\mathrm{U})}$. …