removable%20discontinuity

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1: 1.4 Calculus of One Variable

… ►A removable singularity of $f(x)$ at $x=c$ occurs when $f(c+)=f(c-)$ but $f(c)$ is undefined. … ►A simple discontinuity of $f(x)$ at $x=c$ occurs when $f(c+)$ and $f(c-)$ exist, but $f(c+)\ne f(c-)$. …For an example, see Figure 1.4.1 … ►

Stieltjes Measure with $\alpha (x)$ Discontinuous

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2: 20 Theta Functions

Chapter 20 Theta Functions

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3: Viewing DLMF Interactive 3D Graphics

… ►Any installed VRML or X3D browser should be removed before installing a new one. …

4: 5.11 Asymptotic Expansions

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5.11.3 $$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)={\mathrm{e}}^{-z}{z}^z{\left(\frac{2\pi }{z}\right)}^{1/2}{\mathrm{\Gamma }}^{\ast }\left(z\right)\sim {\mathrm{e}}^{-z}{z}^z{\left(\frac{2\pi }{z}\right)}^{1/2}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{g_k}{z^k},$$

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Defines:

${\mathrm{\Gamma }}^{\ast }\left(z\right)$: scaled gamma function

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $k$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable and $g_k$: coefficients

A&S Ref:

6.1.37

Referenced by:

§10.19(i), §13.8(iv), §5.11(i), §5.11(i), §5.11(i), §5.11(ii), §5.11(ii), §5.21, §5.9(i), §8.11(ii), §8.12, (8.18.13), (8.18.13), §8.18(ii), §8.18(ii), Erratum (V1.1.7) for Additions, Erratum (V1.1.8) for Rearrangement

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.11.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.1.7):

The definition of the scaled gamma function ${\mathrm{\Gamma }}^{\ast }\left(z\right)$ was inserted after the first equals sign.

Changes (effective with 1.0.11):

An unnecessary bracket around the sum was removed.

See also:

Annotations for §5.11(i), §5.11 and Ch.5

… ►Wrench (1968) gives exact values of $g_k$ up to $g_{20}$. … ►

5.11.14 $$\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z+a\right)}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z+b\right)}\sim {\left(z+\frac{a+b-1}{2}\right)}^{a-b}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{H_k(a,b)}{{\left(z+\frac{1}{2}(a+b-1)\right)}^{2k}}.$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $k$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable, $a$: real or complex variable, $b$: real or complex variable and $H_k(a,b)$: coefficients

Referenced by:

§5.11(iii), Erratum (V1.0.21) for Equation (5.11.14)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.11.E14

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Clarification (effective with 1.0.21):

The previous constraint $\mathrm{\Re }\left(b-a\right)>0$ was removed, see Fields (1966, (3)).

See also:

Annotations for §5.11(iii), §5.11 and Ch.5

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5: 11.6 Asymptotic Expansions

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$c_3(\lambda )=20{\lambda }^{-6}-4{\lambda }^{-4},$

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6: 5.10 Continued Fractions

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7: 25.11 Hurwitz Zeta Function

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Figure 25.11.1: Hurwitz zeta function $\zeta (x,a)$, $a$ = 0. …8, 1, $-20\le x\le 10$. … Magnify

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25.11.36Removed because it is just (25.15.1) combined with (25.15.3).

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Symbols:

$L(s,\chi )$: Dirichlet $L$-function and $k$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§25.11(x), Erratum (V1.0.23) for Equation (25.11.36), Erratum (V1.0.23) for Equation (25.11.36)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/25.11.E36

Removal (effective with 1.1.4):

This equation has been removed because it is just (25.15.1) combined with (25.15.3).

Clarification (effective with 1.0.23):

The Dirichlet $L$-function was inserted on the left-hand side. The upper-index of the finite sum which originally was $k$, was replaced with $k-1$ since $\chi (k)=0$.

See also:

Annotations for §25.11(x), §25.11 and Ch.25

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8: Bibliography W

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The Nahm equations, finite-gap potentials and Lamé functions. J. Phys. A 20 (10), pp. 2679–2683.

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External Links:

ISSN 0305-4470, Document, MathReview (James M. D’Archangelo), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§29.19(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Smoothing of Stokes’s discontinuity for the generalized Bessel function. II. Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 455, pp. 3065–3084.

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External Links:

ISSN 1364-5021, Document, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§10.46.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Smoothing of Stokes’s discontinuity for the generalized Bessel function. Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 455, pp. 1381–1400.

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External Links:

ISSN 1364-5021, Document, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§10.46.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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9: 17.5 ${}_0{}^{}\varphi _0^{},{}_1{}^{}\varphi _0^{},{}_1{}^{}\varphi _1^{}$ Functions

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17.5.1 $${}_0{}^{}\varphi _0^{}(-;-;q,z)=\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-1)}^n{q}^{\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{n}{2}\right)}{z}^n}{{(q;q)}_n}={(z;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }};$$

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Symbols:

$\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, ${(a;q)}_n$: $q$-Pochhammer symbol (or $q$-shifted factorial), ${}_{r+1}{}^{}\varphi _s^{}(a_0,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_s;q,z)$ or ${}_{r+1}{}^{}\varphi _s^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_0,\mathrm{\dots },a_r}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_s};q,z)$: basic hypergeometric (or $q$-hypergeometric) function, $q$: complex base, $n$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

Referenced by:

§17.2(iii), Erratum (V1.1.11) for Equation (17.5.1)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/17.5.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Correction (effective with 1.1.11):

The constraint is not necessary and was removed.

See also:

Annotations for §17.5, §17.5 and Ch.17

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17.5.5 $${}_1{}^{}\varphi _1^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a}{c};q,c/a)=\frac{{(c/a;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}{{(c;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}}.$$

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Symbols:

${(a;q)}_n$: $q$-Pochhammer symbol (or $q$-shifted factorial), ${}_{r+1}{}^{}\varphi _s^{}(a_0,\mathrm{\dots },a_r;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_s;q,z)$ or ${}_{r+1}{}^{}\varphi _s^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_0,\mathrm{\dots },a_r}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_s};q,z)$: basic hypergeometric (or $q$-hypergeometric) function and $q$: complex base

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.1.10) for Equation (17.5.5)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/17.5.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Correction (effective with 1.1.10):

The constraint is not necessary and was removed.

See also:

Annotations for §17.5, §17.5 and Ch.17

10: Errata

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A sentence was added at the end of this subsection indicating that from (15.9.15), it follows that $1-2\mu =0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$ and $\nu +\mu +1=0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$ are removable singularities.

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The previous constraint $\mathrm{\Re }\left(b-a\right)>0$ was removed, see Fields (1966, (3)).

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The entry for $\ast$ to represent complex conjugation was removed (see Version 1.0.19).

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The original constraint, $\mathrm{\Re }s>0$, was removed because, as stated after (25.2.1), $\zeta \left(s\right)$ is meromorphic with a simple pole at $s=1$, and therefore $\zeta \left(s\right)-{(s-1)}^{-1}$ is an entire function.

Suggested by John Harper.

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Bibliographic citations and clarifications have been added, removed, or modified in §§5.6(i), 5.10, 7.8, 7.25(iii), and 32.16.

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