in terms of Airy functions

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1: 9.19 Approximations

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§9.19(i) Approximations in Terms of Elementary Functions

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Moshier (1989, §6.14) provides minimax rational approximations for calculating $\mathrm{Ai}\left(x\right)$, ${\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(x\right)$, $\mathrm{Bi}\left(x\right)$, ${\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(x\right)$. They are in terms of the variable $\zeta$, where $\zeta =\frac{2}{3}{x}^{3/2}$ when $x$ is positive, $\zeta =\frac{2}{3}{(-x)}^{3/2}$ when $x$ is negative, and $\zeta =0$ when $x=0$. The approximations apply when , that is, when or . The precision in the coefficients is 21S.

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2: 34.8 Approximations for Large Parameters

… ►Uniform approximations in terms of Airy functions for the $\mathit{3}j$ and $\mathit{6}j$ symbols are given in Schulten and Gordon (1975b). …

3: 36.8 Convergent Series Expansions

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36.8.3 $$\frac{3^{2/3}}{4{\pi }^2}{\mathrm{\Psi }}^{(\mathrm{H})}\left(3^{1/3}𝐱\right)=\mathrm{Ai}\left(x\right)\mathrm{Ai}\left(y\right)\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-3^{-1/3}\mathrm{i}z)}^n\frac{c_n(x)c_n(y)}{n!}+\mathrm{Ai}\left(x\right){\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(y\right)\sum _{n=2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-3^{-1/3}\mathrm{i}z)}^n\frac{c_n(x)d_n(y)}{n!}+{\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(x\right)\mathrm{Ai}\left(y\right)\sum _{n=2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-3^{-1/3}\mathrm{i}z)}^n\frac{d_n(x)c_n(y)}{n!}+{\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(x\right){\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(y\right)\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-3^{-1/3}\mathrm{i}z)}^n\frac{d_n(x)d_n(y)}{n!},$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), ${\mathrm{\Psi }}^{(\mathrm{H})}\left(𝐱\right)$: hyperbolic umbilic canonical integral function, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $y$: real parameter, $z$: real parameter, $m$: integer, $x$: real parameter, $c_n(t)$: coefficients and $d_n(t)$: coefficients

Referenced by:

§36.8

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/36.8.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §36.8 and Ch.36

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36.8.4 $${\mathrm{\Psi }}^{(\mathrm{E})}\left(𝐱\right)=2{\pi }^2{\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)}^{2/3}\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(-\mathrm{i}{(2/3)}^{2/3}z\right)}^n}{n!}\mathrm{\Re }\left(f_n(\frac{x+\mathrm{i}y}{{12}^{1/3}},\frac{x-\mathrm{i}y}{{12}^{1/3}})\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, ${\mathrm{\Psi }}^{(\mathrm{E})}\left(𝐱\right)$: elliptic umbilic canonical integral function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $y$: real parameter, $z$: real parameter, $m$: integer, $x$: real parameter and $f_n$: function

Referenced by:

§36.8

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/36.8.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §36.8 and Ch.36

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36.8.5 $$f_n(\zeta ,\overline{\zeta })=c_n(\zeta )c_n(\overline{\zeta })\mathrm{Ai}\left(\zeta \right)\mathrm{Bi}\left(\overline{\zeta }\right)+c_n(\zeta )d_n(\overline{\zeta })\mathrm{Ai}\left(\zeta \right){\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(\overline{\zeta }\right)+d_n(\zeta )c_n(\overline{\zeta }){\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(\zeta \right)\mathrm{Bi}\left(\overline{\zeta }\right)+d_n(\zeta )d_n(\overline{\zeta }){\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left(\zeta \right){\mathrm{Bi}}^{\prime }\left(\overline{\zeta }\right),$$

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Defines:

$f_n$: function (locally)

Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $\mathrm{Bi}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $m$: integer, $c_n(t)$: coefficients and $d_n(t)$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/36.8.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §36.8 and Ch.36

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4: 18.32 OP’s with Respect to Freud Weights

… ►For a uniform asymptotic expansion in terms of Airy functions (§9.2) for the OP’s in the case $Q(x)=x^4$ see Bo and Wong (1999). …

5: 10.72 Mathematical Applications

… ►In regions in which (10.72.1) has a simple turning point $z_0$, that is, $f(z)$ and $g(z)$ are analytic (or with weaker conditions if $z=x$ is a real variable) and $z_0$ is a simple zero of $f(z)$, asymptotic expansions of the solutions $w$ for large $u$ can be constructed in terms of Airy functions or equivalently Bessel functions or modified Bessel functions of order $\frac{1}{3}$ (§9.6(i)). …

6: 12.10 Uniform Asymptotic Expansions for Large Parameter

… ►The turning points can be included if expansions in terms of Airy functions are used instead of elementary functions (§2.8(iii)). … ►

§12.10(vii) Negative $a$, . Expansions in Terms of Airy Functions

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Modified Expansions

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§12.10(viii) Negative $a$, . Expansions in Terms of Airy Functions

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7: 18.15 Asymptotic Approximations

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In Terms of Airy Functions

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18.15.22 $$L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(\nu x\right)={(-1)}^n\frac{{\mathrm{e}}^{\frac{1}{2}\nu x}}{2^{\alpha -\frac{1}{2}}{x}^{\frac{1}{2}\alpha +\frac{1}{4}}}{\left(\frac{\zeta }{x-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{4}}\left(\frac{\mathrm{Ai}\left({\nu }^{\frac{2}{3}}\zeta \right)}{{\nu }^{\frac{1}{3}}}\sum _{m=0}^{M-1}\frac{E_m(\zeta )}{{\nu }^{2m}}+\frac{{\mathrm{Ai}}^{\prime }\left({\nu }^{\frac{2}{3}}\zeta \right)}{{\nu }^{\frac{5}{3}}}\sum _{m=0}^{M-1}\frac{F_m(\zeta )}{{\nu }^{2m}}+\mathrm{envAi}\left({\nu }^{\frac{2}{3}}\zeta \right)O\left(\frac{1}{{\nu }^{2M-\frac{2}{3}}}\right)\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{Ai}\left(z\right)$: Airy function, $O\left(x\right)$: order not exceeding, $L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\mathrm{envAi}\left(x\right)$: envelope of Airy function $\mathrm{Ai}\left(x\right)$ , $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $m$: nonnegative integer, $n$: nonnegative integer, $\nu$ , $\zeta$ , $E_m$: coefficient, $F_m$: coefficient and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.0.11) for Equation (18.15.22)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.15.E22

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Errata (effective with 1.0.11):

Originally this equation was expressed interms of the asymptotic symbol $\sim$. As a consequence of the use of the $O$ order symbol on the right-hand side, $\sim$ was replaced by $=$.

See also:

Annotations for §18.15(iv), §18.15(iv), §18.15 and Ch.18

… ►And for asymptotic expansions as $n\to \mathrm{\infty }$ in terms of Airy functions that apply uniformly when or , see §§12.10(vii) and 12.10(viii). … ►For an error bound for the first term in the Airy-function expansions see Olver (1997b, p. 403). …

8: 2.8 Differential Equations with a Parameter

… ►Corresponding to each positive integer $n$ there are solutions $W_{n,j}(u,\xi )$, $j=1,2$, that are $C^{\mathrm{\infty }}$ on $({\alpha }_1,{\alpha }_2)$, and as $u\to \mathrm{\infty }$ … ►For other examples of uniform asymptotic approximations and expansions of special functions in terms of Airy functions see especially §10.20 and §§12.10(vii), 12.10(viii); also §§12.14(ix), 13.20(v), 13.21(iii), 13.21(iv), 15.12(iii), 18.15(iv), 30.9(i), 30.9(ii), 32.11(ii), 32.11(iii), 33.12(i), 33.12(ii), 33.20(iv), 36.12(ii), 36.13. …

9: 33.12 Asymptotic Expansions for Large $\eta$

… ►The first set is in terms of Airy functions and the expansions are uniform for fixed $\mathrm{\ell }$ and , where $\delta$ is an arbitrary small positive constant. …

10: 10.41 Asymptotic Expansions for Large Order

… ►Similar analysis can be developed for the uniform asymptotic expansions in terms of Airy functions given in §10.20. …