hyperbolic functions

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11: 4.34 Derivatives and Differential Equations

§4.34 Derivatives and Differential Equations

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4.34.1 $$\frac{d}{dz}\sinh z=\cosh z,$$

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Symbols:

$\frac{df}{dx}$: derivative of $f$ with respect to $x$ , $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.5.71

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.34.E1

Encodings:

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Annotations for §4.34 and Ch.4

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4.34.2 $$\frac{d}{dz}\cosh z=\sinh z,$$

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Symbols:

$\frac{df}{dx}$: derivative of $f$ with respect to $x$ , $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.5.72

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.34.E2

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §4.34 and Ch.4

… ►With $a\ne 0$, the general solutions of the differential equations … ►

4.34.11 $$w=A\cosh \left(az\right)+B\sinh \left(az\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $a$: real or complex constant, $z$: complex variable, $w$: solution, $A$: arbitrary constant and $B$: arbitrary constant

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.34.E11

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Annotations for §4.34 and Ch.4

…

12: 4.33 Maclaurin Series and Laurent Series

§4.33 Maclaurin Series and Laurent Series

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4.33.1 $$\sinh z=z+\frac{z^3}{3!}+\frac{z^5}{5!}+\mathrm{\cdots },$$

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Symbols:

$!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.5.62

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.33.E1

Encodings:

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Annotations for §4.33 and Ch.4

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4.33.2 $$\cosh z=1+\frac{z^2}{2!}+\frac{z^4}{4!}+\mathrm{\cdots }.$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.5.63

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.33.E2

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Annotations for §4.33 and Ch.4

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4.33.3 $$\tanh z=z-\frac{z^3}{3}+\frac{2}{15}{z}^5-\frac{17}{315}{z}^7+\mathrm{\cdots }+\frac{2^{2n}(2^{2n}-1)B_{2n}}{(2n)!}{z}^{2n-1}+\mathrm{\cdots },$$ .

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, $n$: integer and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.5.64

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.33.E3

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §4.33 and Ch.4

…

13: 4.30 Elementary Properties

§4.30 Elementary Properties

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Table 4.30.1: Hyperbolic functions: interrelations. …

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	$\sinh \theta =a$	$\cosh \theta =a$	$\tanh \theta =a$	$\mathrm{csch}\theta =a$	$\mathrm{sech}\theta =a$	$\coth \theta =a$
…

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14: 4.39 Continued Fractions

§4.39 Continued Fractions

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4.39.1 $$\tanh z=\frac{z}{1+}\frac{z^2}{3+}\frac{z^2}{5+}\frac{z^2}{7+}\mathrm{\cdots },$$ $z\ne \pm \frac{1}{2}\pi \mathrm{i},\pm \frac{3}{2}\pi \mathrm{i},\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.5.70

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.39.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §4.39 and Ch.4

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4.39.2 $$\frac{\mathrm{arcsinh}z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}=\frac{z}{1+}\frac{1\cdot 2z^2}{3+}\frac{1\cdot 2z^2}{5+}\frac{3\cdot 4z^2}{7+}\frac{3\cdot 4z^2}{9+}\mathrm{\cdots },$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{arcsinh}z$: inverse hyperbolic sine function and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.6.36

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.39.E2

Encodings:

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Annotations for §4.39 and Ch.4

… ►

4.39.3 $$\mathrm{arctanh}z=\frac{z}{1-}\frac{z^2}{3-}\frac{4z^2}{5-}\frac{9z^2}{7-}\mathrm{\cdots },$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{arctanh}z$: inverse hyperbolic tangent function and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.6.35

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.39.E3

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §4.39 and Ch.4

… ►For these and other continued fractions involving inverse hyperbolic functions see Lorentzen and Waadeland (1992, pp. 569–571). …

15: 4.36 Infinite Products and Partial Fractions

§4.36 Infinite Products and Partial Fractions

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4.36.1 $$\sinh z=z\prod _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\left(1+\frac{z^2}{n^2{\pi }^2}\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $n$: integer and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.5.68

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.36.E1

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §4.36 and Ch.4

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4.36.2 $$\cosh z=\prod _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\left(1+\frac{4z^2}{{(2n-1)}^2{\pi }^2}\right).$$

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $n$: integer and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.5.69

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.36.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §4.36 and Ch.4

… ►

4.36.3 $$\coth z=\frac{1}{z}+2z\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{1}{z^2+n^2{\pi }^2},$$

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\coth z$: hyperbolic cotangent function, $n$: integer and $z$: complex variable

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.36.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §4.36 and Ch.4

… ►

4.36.5 $$\mathrm{csch}z=\frac{1}{z}+2z\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-1)}^n}{z^2+n^2{\pi }^2}.$$

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Symbols:

$\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{csch}z$: hyperbolic cosecant function, $n$: integer and $z$: complex variable

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.36.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §4.36 and Ch.4

16: 4.40 Integrals

§4.40 Integrals

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§4.40(ii) Indefinite Integrals

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§4.40(iii) Definite Integrals

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§4.40(iv) Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

… ►Extensive compendia of indefinite and definite integrals of hyperbolic functions include Apelblat (1983, pp. 96–109), Bierens de Haan (1939), Gröbner and Hofreiter (1949, pp. 139–160), Gröbner and Hofreiter (1950, pp. 160–167), Gradshteyn and Ryzhik (2000, Chapters 2–4), and Prudnikov et al. (1986a, §§1.4, 1.8, 2.4, 2.8).

17: 22.10 Maclaurin Series

… ►

22.10.7 $$\mathrm{sn}(z,k)=\tanh z-\frac{k_{}^{\prime }{}_{}{}^2}{4}(z-\sinh z\cosh z){\mathrm{sech}}^{2}z+O\left(k_{}^{\prime }{}_{}{}^4\right),$$

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Symbols:

$O\left(x\right)$: order not exceeding, $\mathrm{sn}(z,k)$: Jacobian elliptic function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\mathrm{sech}z$: hyperbolic secant function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, $z$: complex, $k$: modulus and $k^{\prime }$: complementary modulus

A&S Ref:

16.15.1

Referenced by:

§22.10(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/22.10.E7

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §22.10(ii), §22.10 and Ch.22

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22.10.8 $$\mathrm{cn}(z,k)=\mathrm{sech}z+\frac{k_{}^{\prime }{}_{}{}^2}{4}(z-\sinh z\cosh z)\tanh z\mathrm{sech}z+O\left(k_{}^{\prime }{}_{}{}^4\right),$$

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Symbols:

$O\left(x\right)$: order not exceeding, $\mathrm{cn}(z,k)$: Jacobian elliptic function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\mathrm{sech}z$: hyperbolic secant function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, $z$: complex, $k$: modulus and $k^{\prime }$: complementary modulus

A&S Ref:

16.15.2

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/22.10.E8

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §22.10(ii), §22.10 and Ch.22

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22.10.9 $$\mathrm{dn}(z,k)=\mathrm{sech}z+\frac{k_{}^{\prime }{}_{}{}^2}{4}(z+\sinh z\cosh z)\tanh z\mathrm{sech}z+O\left(k_{}^{\prime }{}_{}{}^4\right).$$

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Symbols:

$O\left(x\right)$: order not exceeding, $\mathrm{dn}(z,k)$: Jacobian elliptic function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\mathrm{sech}z$: hyperbolic secant function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, $z$: complex, $k$: modulus and $k^{\prime }$: complementary modulus

A&S Ref:

16.15.3

Referenced by:

§22.10(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/22.10.E9

Encodings:

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Annotations for §22.10(ii), §22.10 and Ch.22

…

18: 19.10 Relations to Other Functions

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19.10.2 $$(\sinh \varphi )R_C(1,{\cosh }^2\varphi )=\mathrm{gd}\left(\varphi \right).$$

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Symbols:

$R_C(x,y)$: Carlson’s combination of inverse circular and inverse hyperbolic functions, $\mathrm{gd}x$: Gudermannian function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function and $\varphi$: real or complex argument

Referenced by:

§19.10(ii), §19.6(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/19.10.E2

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §19.10(ii), §19.10 and Ch.19

19: 28.23 Expansions in Series of Bessel Functions

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28.23.2 $${\mathrm{me}}_{\nu }(0,h^2){\mathrm{M}}_{\nu }^{(j)}(z,h)=\sum _{n=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^n{c}_{2n}^{\nu }(h^2){𝒞}_{\nu +2n}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

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Symbols:

${\mathrm{me}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, ${\mathrm{M}}_{\nu }^{(j)}(z,h)$: modified Mathieu function, $h$: parameter, $n$: integer, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter, $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients and ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

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28.23.3 $${\mathrm{me}}_{\nu }^{\prime }(0,h^2){\mathrm{M}}_{\nu }^{(j)}(z,h)=\mathrm{i}\tanh z\sum _{n=-\mathrm{\infty }}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^n(\nu +2n)c_{2n}^{\nu }(h^2){𝒞}_{\nu +2n}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

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Symbols:

${\mathrm{me}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, ${\mathrm{M}}_{\nu }^{(j)}(z,h)$: modified Mathieu function, $h$: parameter, $n$: integer, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, $\nu$: complex parameter, $c_{2m}(q)$: coefficients and ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E3

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

… ►

28.23.6 $${\mathrm{Mc}}_{2m}^{(j)}(z,h)={(-1)}^m{\left({\mathrm{ce}}_{2m}(0,h^2)\right)}^{-1}\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}{A}_{2\mathrm{\ell }}^{2m}(h^2){𝒞}_{2\mathrm{\ell }}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

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Symbols:

${\mathrm{ce}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, ${\mathrm{Mc}}_n^{(j)}(z,h)$: radial Mathieu function, $m$: integer, $h$: parameter, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions and $A_m(q)$: Fourier coefficient

A&S Ref:

20.6.12

Referenced by:

§28.23

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

… ►

28.23.10 $${\mathrm{Ms}}_{2m+1}^{(j)}(z,h)={(-1)}^m{\left({\mathrm{se}}_{2m+1}^{\prime }(0,h^2)\right)}^{-1}\tanh z\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}(2\mathrm{\ell }+1)B_{2\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{2m+1}(h^2){𝒞}_{2\mathrm{\ell }+1}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

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Symbols:

${\mathrm{se}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, ${\mathrm{Ms}}_n^{(j)}(z,h)$: radial Mathieu function, $m$: integer, $h$: parameter, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions and $B_m(q)$: Fourier coefficient

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

… ►

28.23.12 $${\mathrm{Ms}}_{2m+2}^{(j)}(z,h)={(-1)}^m{\left({\mathrm{se}}_{2m+2}^{\prime }(0,h^2)\right)}^{-1}\tanh z\sum _{\mathrm{\ell }=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^{\mathrm{\ell }}(2\mathrm{\ell }+2)B_{2\mathrm{\ell }+2}^{2m+2}(h^2){𝒞}_{2\mathrm{\ell }+2}^{(j)}(2h\cosh z),$$

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Symbols:

${\mathrm{se}}_n(z,q)$: Mathieu function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\tanh z$: hyperbolic tangent function, ${\mathrm{Ms}}_n^{(j)}(z,h)$: radial Mathieu function, $m$: integer, $h$: parameter, $j$: integer, $z$: complex variable, ${𝒞}_{\mu }^{(j)}$: cylinder functions and $B_m(q)$: Fourier coefficient

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.23.E12

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §28.23 and Ch.28

…

20: 4.21 Identities

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4.21.37 $$\sin z=\sin x\cosh y+\mathrm{i}\cos x\sinh y,$$

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Symbols:

$\cos z$: cosine function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\sin z$: sine function, $x$: real variable, $y$: real variable and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.3.55

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.21.E37

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §4.21(iv), §4.21 and Ch.4

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4.21.38 $$\cos z=\cos x\cosh y-\mathrm{i}\sin x\sinh y,$$

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Symbols:

$\cos z$: cosine function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\sin z$: sine function, $x$: real variable, $y$: real variable and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.3.56

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.21.E38

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §4.21(iv), §4.21 and Ch.4

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4.21.39 $$\tan z=\frac{\sin \left(2x\right)+\mathrm{i}\sinh \left(2y\right)}{\cos \left(2x\right)+\cosh \left(2y\right)},$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\cos z$: cosine function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\sin z$: sine function, $\tan z$: tangent function, $x$: real variable, $y$: real variable and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.3.57

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.21.E39

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §4.21(iv), §4.21 and Ch.4

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4.21.40 $$\cot z=\frac{\sin \left(2x\right)-\mathrm{i}\sinh \left(2y\right)}{\cosh \left(2y\right)-\cos \left(2x\right)}.$$

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Symbols:

$\cos z$: cosine function, $\cot z$: cotangent function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\sin z$: sine function, $x$: real variable, $y$: real variable and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.3.58

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.21.E40

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §4.21(iv), §4.21 and Ch.4

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4.21.41 $$|\sin z|={({\sin }^{2}x+{\sinh }^{2}y)}^{1/2}={\left(\frac{1}{2}\left(\cosh \left(2y\right)-\cos \left(2x\right)\right)\right)}^{1/2},$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\cos z$: cosine function, $\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $\sinh z$: hyperbolic sine function, $\sin z$: sine function, $x$: real variable, $y$: real variable and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

4.3.59

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/4.21.E41

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §4.21(iv), §4.21 and Ch.4

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