equivalent equation for contiguous functions

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1: 28.2 Definitions and Basic Properties

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28.2.1 $$w^{\prime \prime }+(a-2q\cos \left(2z\right))w=0.$$

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Symbols:

$\cos z$: cosine function, $q=h^2$: parameter, $z$: complex variable, $a$: parameter and $w(z)$: Mathieu’s equation solution

A&S Ref:

20.3.1 20.1.1 (in slightly different form)

Referenced by:

§1.18(vii), Figure 28.17.1, Figure 28.17.1, §28.17, §28.17, §28.2(ii), §28.2(ii), §28.2(iii), §28.2(iv), §28.20(i), §28.29(i), §28.32(i), §28.32(i), 1st item, 2nd item, §28.33(iii), item (a), item (c), item (c), §28.5(i), §28.8(iv), §28.8(iv), §28.8(iv), §30.2(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.2.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.2(i), §28.2 and Ch.28

… ►Equivalently, …If $\widehat{\nu }=0$ or $1$, or equivalently, $\nu =n$, then $\nu$ is a double root of the characteristic equation, otherwise it is a simple root. … ►An equivalent formulation is given by … ►

§28.2(vi) Eigenfunctions

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2: 28.20 Definitions and Basic Properties

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§28.20(i) Modified Mathieu’s Equation

►When $z$ is replaced by $\pm \mathrm{i}z$, (28.2.1) becomes the modified Mathieu’s equation: ►

28.20.1 $$w^{\prime \prime }-\left(a-2q\cosh \left(2z\right)\right)w=0,$$

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Symbols:

$\cosh z$: hyperbolic cosine function, $q=h^2$: parameter, $z$: complex variable, $a$: parameter and $w(z)$: Mathieu’s equation solution

A&S Ref:

20.1.2 (in slightly different form) 20.8.6

Referenced by:

§28.20(iii), §28.32(i), 1st item, 2nd item, item (b), §28.8(iv), §28.8(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.20.E1

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §28.20(i), §28.20 and Ch.28

… ►Then from §2.7(ii) it is seen that equation (28.20.2) has independent and unique solutions that are asymptotic to ${\zeta }^{1/2}{\mathrm{e}}^{\pm 2\mathrm{i}h\zeta }$ as $\zeta \to \mathrm{\infty }$ in the respective sectors $|\mathrm{ph}\left(\mp \mathrm{i}\zeta \right)|\le \frac{3}{2}\pi -\delta$, $\delta$ being an arbitrary small positive constant. … ►

§28.20(iv) Radial Mathieu Functions ${\mathrm{Mc}}_n^{(j)}$, ${\mathrm{Ms}}_n^{(j)}$

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3: 30.2 Differential Equations

§30.2 Differential Equations

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§30.2(i) Spheroidal Differential Equation

… ► … ►The Liouville normal form of equation (30.2.1) is … ►If $\gamma =0$, Equation (30.2.4) is satisfied by spherical Bessel functions; see (10.47.1).

4: 31.2 Differential Equations

§31.2 Differential Equations

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§31.2(i) Heun’s Equation

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31.2.1 $$\frac{d^{2}w}{{dz}^2}+\left(\frac{\gamma }{z}+\frac{\delta }{z-1}+\frac{ϵ}{z-a}\right)\frac{dw}{dz}+\frac{\alpha \beta z-q}{z(z-1)(z-a)}w=0,$$ $\alpha +\beta +1=\gamma +\delta +ϵ$.

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Symbols:

$\frac{df}{dx}$: derivative of $f$ with respect to $x$ , $z$: complex variable, $\gamma$: real or complex parameter, $\delta$: real or complex parameter, $ϵ$: real or complex parameter, $a$: complex parameter, $q$: real or complex parameter, $\alpha$: real or complex parameter and $\beta$: real or complex parameter

Referenced by:

§29.2(ii), §31.11(iii), §31.12, §31.13, §31.14(i), §31.17(i), §31.18, §31.2(v), §31.2(v), §31.2(v), §31.2(i), §31.3(i), §31.3(i), §31.3(ii), §31.3(ii), §31.3(ii), §31.3(iii), §31.3(iii), §31.4, §31.5, §31.6, §31.7(ii), §31.8, §31.8, §31.8

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/31.2.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §31.2(i), §31.2 and Ch.31

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§31.2(v) Heun’s Equation Automorphisms

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Composite Transformations

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5: 29.2 Differential Equations

§29.2 Differential Equations

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§29.2(i) Lamé’s Equation

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§29.2(ii) Other Forms

… ►we have …For the Weierstrass function $\mathrm{\wp }$ see §23.2(ii). …

6: 15.10 Hypergeometric Differential Equation

§15.10 Hypergeometric Differential Equation

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15.10.1 $$z(1-z)\frac{d^{2}w}{{dz}^2}+\left(c-(a+b+1)z\right)\frac{dw}{dz}-abw=0.$$

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Symbols:

$\frac{df}{dx}$: derivative of $f$ with respect to $x$ , $z$: complex variable, $a$: real or complex parameter, $b$: real or complex parameter and $c$: real or complex parameter

Referenced by:

§15.11(i), §15.11(i), §15.17(ii), §15.19(ii), §15.2(ii), §15.5(ii), §16.13, §17.6(iv), §19.18(ii), §19.4(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/15.10.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §15.10(i), §15.10 and Ch.15

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Singularity $z=0$

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Singularity $z=1$

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Singularity $z=\mathrm{\infty }$

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7: 32.2 Differential Equations

§32.2 Differential Equations

… ►The six Painlevé equations ${\text{P}}_{\text{I}}$–${\text{P}}_{\text{VI}}$ are as follows: … ►The fifty equations can be reduced to linear equations, solved in terms of elliptic functions (Chapters 22 and 23), or reduced to one of ${\text{P}}_{\text{I}}$–${\text{P}}_{\text{VI}}$. … ►However, for special values of the parameters, equations ${\text{P}}_{\text{II}}$–${\text{P}}_{\text{VI}}$ have special solutions in terms of elementary functions, or special functions defined elsewhere in the DLMF. … ► …

8: 31.1 Special Notation

… ►(For other notation see Notation for the Special Functions.) ► ►►

$x$, $y$	real variables.
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►The main functions treated in this chapter are $H\mathrm{\ell }(a,q;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)$, $(s_1,s_2){\mathrm{𝐻𝑓}}_m(a,q_m;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)$, $(s_1,s_2){\mathrm{𝐻𝑓}}_m^{\nu }(a,q_m;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)$, and the polynomial ${\mathrm{𝐻𝑝}}_{n,m}(a,q_{n,m};-n,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta ;z)$. …Sometimes the parameters are suppressed.

9: 14.20 Conical (or Mehler) Functions

§14.20 Conical (or Mehler) Functions

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§14.20(i) Definitions and Wronskians

… ► … ►Equivalently, … ►

§14.20(ii) Graphics

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10: 5.2 Definitions

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§5.2(i) Gamma and Psi Functions

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Euler’s Integral

… ►It is a meromorphic function with no zeros, and with simple poles of residue ${(-1)}^n/n!$ at $z=-n$. … ►

5.2.6 $${\left(-a\right)}_n={(-1)}^n{\left(a-n+1\right)}_n,$$

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Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $n$: nonnegative integer and $a$: real or complex variable

Referenced by:

§5.2(iii), Erratum (V1.0.17) for Subsection 5.2(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.2.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.17):

This equation was added.

See also:

Annotations for §5.2(iii), §5.2 and Ch.5

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5.2.7

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Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $m$: nonnegative integer and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.2.E7

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.17):

This equation was added.

See also:

Annotations for §5.2(iii), §5.2 and Ch.5

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