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11: 28.15 Expansions for Small $q$

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§28.15(i) Eigenvalues ${\lambda }_{\nu }\left(q\right)$

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28.15.1 $${\lambda }_{\nu }\left(q\right)={\nu }^2+\frac{1}{2({\nu }^2-1)}{q}^2+\frac{5{\nu }^2+7}{32{({\nu }^2-1)}^3({\nu }^2-4)}{q}^4+\frac{9{\nu }^4+58{\nu }^2+29}{64{({\nu }^2-1)}^5({\nu }^2-4)({\nu }^2-9)}{q}^6+\mathrm{\cdots }.$$

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Symbols:

${\lambda }_{\nu +2n}\left(q\right)$: eigenvalues of Mathieu equation, $q=h^2$: parameter and $\nu$: complex parameter

A&S Ref:

20.3.15 (in slightly different form)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.15.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.15(i), §28.15 and Ch.28

►Higher coefficients can be found by equating powers of $q$ in the following continued-fraction equation, with $a={\lambda }_{\nu }\left(q\right)$: ►

28.15.2 $$a-{\nu }^2-\frac{q^2}{a-{(\nu +2)}^2-}\frac{q^2}{a-{(\nu +4)}^2-}\mathrm{\cdots }=\frac{q^2}{a-{(\nu -2)}^2-}\frac{q^2}{a-{(\nu -4)}^2-}\mathrm{\cdots }.$$

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Symbols:

$q=h^2$: parameter, $\nu$: complex parameter and $a$: parameter

Referenced by:

item (e)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.15.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.15(i), §28.15 and Ch.28

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12: 29.22 Software

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LA1: Eigenvalues for Lamé functions.

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LA5: Coefficients ${\tau }_j$ of the asymptotic expansions for the eigenvalues of the Lamé functions; see §29.7(i).

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LA3: Eigenvalues for Lamé polynomials.

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13: 29.16 Asymptotic Expansions

§29.16 Asymptotic Expansions

►Hargrave and Sleeman (1977) give asymptotic approximations for Lamé polynomials and their eigenvalues, including error bounds. …

14: 31.13 Asymptotic Approximations

§31.13 Asymptotic Approximations

►For asymptotic approximations for the accessory parameter eigenvalues $q_m$, see Fedoryuk (1991) and Slavyanov (1996). …

15: 28.16 Asymptotic Expansions for Large $q$

§28.16 Asymptotic Expansions for Large $q$

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28.16.1 $${\lambda }_{\nu }\left(h^2\right)\sim -2h^2+2sh-\frac{1}{8}(s^2+1)-\frac{1}{2^{7}h}(s^3+3s)-\frac{1}{2^{12}{h}^2}(5s^4+34s^2+9)-\frac{1}{2^{17}{h}^3}(33s^5+410s^3+405s)-\frac{1}{2^{20}{h}^4}(63s^6+1260s^4+2943s^2+486)-\frac{1}{2^{25}{h}^5}(527s^7+15617s^5+69001s^3+41607s)+\mathrm{\cdots }.$$

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Symbols:

${\lambda }_{\nu +2n}\left(q\right)$: eigenvalues of Mathieu equation, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $h$: parameter and $\nu$: complex parameter

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/28.16.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §28.16 and Ch.28

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16: 28.2 Definitions and Basic Properties

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§28.2(v) Eigenvalues $a_n$, $b_n$

►For given $\nu$ and $q$, equation (28.2.16) determines an infinite discrete set of values of $a$, the eigenvalues or characteristic values, of Mathieu’s equation. … ►

Distribution

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Change of Sign of $q$

… ►Table 28.2.2 gives the notation for the eigenfunctions corresponding to the eigenvalues in Table 28.2.1. …

17: 28.12 Definitions and Basic Properties

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§28.12(i) Eigenvalues ${\lambda }_{\nu +2n}\left(q\right)$

… ►For given $\nu$ (or $\cos \left(\nu \pi \right)$) and $q$, equation (28.2.16) determines an infinite discrete set of values of $a$, denoted by ${\lambda }_{\nu +2n}\left(q\right)$, $n=0,\pm 1,\pm 2,\mathrm{\dots }$. …For other values of $q$, ${\lambda }_{\nu +2n}\left(q\right)$ is determined by analytic continuation. … … ►Two eigenfunctions correspond to each eigenvalue $a={\lambda }_{\nu }\left(q\right)$. …

18: 29.7 Asymptotic Expansions

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§29.7(i) Eigenvalues

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29.7.1 $$a_{\nu }^m\left(k^2\right)\sim p\kappa -{\tau }_0-{\tau }_1{\kappa }^{-1}-{\tau }_2{\kappa }^{-2}-\mathrm{\cdots },$$

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Symbols:

$a_{\nu }^n\left(k^2\right)$: eigenvalues of Lamé’s equation, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $m$: nonnegative integer, $p$: nonnegative integer, $k$: real parameter, $\nu$: real parameter, $\kappa$ and ${\tau }_j$: coefficients

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/29.7.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §29.7(i), §29.7 and Ch.29

… ►The same Poincaré expansion holds for $b_{\nu }^{m+1}\left(k^2\right)$, since ►

29.7.5 $$b_{\nu }^{m+1}\left(k^2\right)-a_{\nu }^m\left(k^2\right)=O\left({\nu }^{m+\frac{3}{2}}{\left(\frac{1-k}{1+k}\right)}^{\nu }\right),$$ $\nu \to \mathrm{\infty }$.

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Symbols:

$O\left(x\right)$: order not exceeding, $a_{\nu }^n\left(k^2\right)$: eigenvalues of Lamé’s equation, $b_{\nu }^n\left(k^2\right)$: eigenvalues of Lamé’s equation, $m$: nonnegative integer, $k$: real parameter and $\nu$: real parameter

Referenced by:

§29.7(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/29.7.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §29.7(i), §29.7 and Ch.29

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19: 30.3 Eigenvalues

§30.3 Eigenvalues

… ►These solutions exist only for eigenvalues ${\lambda }_n^m\left({\gamma }^2\right)$, $n=m,m+1,m+2,\mathrm{\dots }$, of the parameter $\lambda$. … ►

§30.3(iii) Transcendental Equation

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§30.3(iv) Power-Series Expansion

… ►Further coefficients can be found with the Maple program SWF9; see §30.18(i).

20: 28.17 Stability as $x\to \pm \mathrm{\infty }$

… ►The boundary of each region comprises the characteristic curves $a=a_n\left(q\right)$ and $a=b_n\left(q\right)$; compare Figure 28.2.1. ►

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Figure 28.17.1: Stability chart for eigenvalues of Mathieu’s equation (28.2.1). Magnify