continuous Hahn polynomials

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1: 18.20 Hahn Class: Explicit Representations

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18.20.3 $$w(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})=\frac{1}{n!}{\delta }_x^n\left(w(x;a+\frac{1}{2}n,b+\frac{1}{2}n,\overline{a}+\frac{1}{2}n,\overline{b}+\frac{1}{2}n)\right).$$

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Symbols:

${\delta }_x$: central difference, $\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.20(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.20.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.20(i), §18.20(i), §18.20 and Ch.18

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18.20.9 $$p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})=\frac{{\mathrm{i}}^n{\left(a+\overline{a}\right)}_n{\left(a+\overline{b}\right)}_n}{n!}{}_3{}^{}F_2^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-n,n+2\mathrm{\Re }\left(a+b\right)-1,a+\mathrm{i}x}{a+\overline{a},a+\overline{b}};1).$$

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Symbols:

${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q};z)$: alternatively ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(𝐚;𝐛;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{𝐚}{𝐛};z)$
generalized hypergeometric function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.19, §18.20(ii), §18.21(ii), §18.22(iii), §18.26(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.20.E9

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.20(ii), §18.20 and Ch.18

►(For symmetry properties of $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$ with respect to $a$, $b$, $\overline{a}$, $\overline{b}$ see Andrews et al. (1999, Corollary 3.3.4).) …

2: 18.22 Hahn Class: Recurrence Relations and Differences

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18.22.4 $$q_n(x)=p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})/p_n(\mathrm{i}a;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b}),$$

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Symbols:

$\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.22(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.22.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.22(i), §18.22(i), §18.22 and Ch.18

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18.22.13 $$p_n(x)=p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b}),$$

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Symbols:

$\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $p_n(x)$: polynomial of degree $n$ , $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.22(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.22.E13

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.22(ii), §18.22(ii), §18.22 and Ch.18

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18.22.27 $${\delta }_x\left(p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})\right)=(n+2\mathrm{\Re }\left(a+b\right)-1)p_{n-1}(x;a+\frac{1}{2},b+\frac{1}{2},\overline{a}+\frac{1}{2},\overline{b}+\frac{1}{2}),$$

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Symbols:

${\delta }_x$: central difference, $\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.22(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.22.E27

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.22(iii), §18.22(iii), §18.22 and Ch.18

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3: 18.19 Hahn Class: Definitions

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18.19.1 $$p_n(x)=p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b}),$$

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Symbols:

$\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $p_n(x)$: polynomial of degree $n$ , $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.19

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.19.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.19, §18.19 and Ch.18

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4: 18.21 Hahn Class: Interrelations

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18.21.10 $$\underset{t\to \mathrm{\infty }}{lim}{t}^{-n}{p}_n(x-t;\lambda +it,-t\tan \varphi ,\lambda -it,-t\tan \varphi )=\frac{{(-1)}^n}{{(\cos \varphi )}^n}{P}_n^{(\lambda )}(x;\varphi ).$$

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Symbols:

$P_n^{(\lambda )}(x;\varphi )$: Meixner–Pollaczek polynomial, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $\cos z$: cosine function, $\tan z$: tangent function, $t$: real variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.21(ii), §18.22(ii), §18.22(iii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.21.E10

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.21(ii), §18.21(ii), §18.21 and Ch.18

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18.21.11 $$p_n(x;a,a+\frac{1}{2},a,a+\frac{1}{2})=2^{-2n}{\left(4a+n\right)}_n{P}_n^{(2a)}(2x;\frac{1}{2}\pi ).$$

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Symbols:

$P_n^{(\lambda )}(x;\varphi )$: Meixner–Pollaczek polynomial, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.21(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.21.E11

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.21(ii), §18.21(ii), §18.21 and Ch.18

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Figure 18.21.1: Askey scheme. …(This is with the convention that the real and imaginary parts of the parameters are counted separately in the case of the continuous Hahn polynomials.) Magnify

5: 18.23 Hahn Class: Generating Functions

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18.23.6 $${}_1{}^{}F_1^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a+\mathrm{i}x}{2\mathrm{\Re }a};-\mathrm{i}z){}_1{}^{}F_1^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{\overline{b}-\mathrm{i}x}{2\mathrm{\Re }b};\mathrm{i}z)=\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})}{{\left(2\mathrm{\Re }a\right)}_n{\left(2\mathrm{\Re }b\right)}_n}{z}^n.$$

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Symbols:

${}_1{}^{}F_1^{}(a;b;z)$: $=M(a,b,z)$ notation for the Kummer confluent hypergeometric function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $z$: complex variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.23

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.23.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.23, §18.23 and Ch.18

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6: 18.1 Notation

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$${(z_1,\mathrm{\dots },z_k;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}={(z_1;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}\mathrm{\cdots }{(z_k;q)}_{\mathrm{\infty }}.$$

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Continuous Hahn: $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$.

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7: 18.26 Wilson Class: Continued

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18.26.2 $$S_n(y^2;a,b,c)={\left(a+b\right)}_n{\left(a+c\right)}_n{}_3{}^{}F_2^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-n,a+iy,a-iy}{a+b,a+c};1).$$

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Symbols:

${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p;b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a_1,\mathrm{\dots },a_p}{b_1,\mathrm{\dots },b_q};z)$: alternatively ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(𝐚;𝐛;z)$ or ${}_p{}^{}F_q^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{𝐚}{𝐛};z)$
generalized hypergeometric function, ${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $S_n(x;a,b,c)$: continuous dual Hahn polynomial, $y$: real variable and $n$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§18.26(i), §18.26(ii), §18.26(iv)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(i), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.5 $$\underset{d\to \mathrm{\infty }}{lim}\frac{W_n(x;a,b,c,d)}{{\left(a+d\right)}_n}=S_n(x;a,b,c).$$

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Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $W_n(x;a,b,c,d)$: Wilson polynomial, $S_n(x;a,b,c)$: continuous dual Hahn polynomial, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.26(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(ii), §18.26(ii), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.6 $$\underset{t\to \mathrm{\infty }}{lim}\frac{W_n({(x+t)}^2;a-it,b-it,\overline{a}+it,\overline{b}+it)}{{(-2t)}^{n}n!}=p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b}).$$

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Symbols:

$W_n(x;a,b,c,d)$: Wilson polynomial, $\overline{z}$: complex conjugate, $p_n(x;a,b,\overline{a},\overline{b})$: continuous Hahn polynomial, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $t$: real variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.22(i), §18.22(ii), §18.23, §18.26(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(ii), §18.26(ii), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.8 $$\underset{t\to \mathrm{\infty }}{lim}{S}_n({(x-t)}^2;\lambda +it,\lambda -it,t\cot \varphi )/t^n=n!{(\csc \varphi )}^n{P}_n^{(\lambda )}(x;\varphi ).$$

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Symbols:

$P_n^{(\lambda )}(x;\varphi )$: Meixner–Pollaczek polynomial, $S_n(x;a,b,c)$: continuous dual Hahn polynomial, $\csc z$: cosecant function, $\cot z$: cotangent function, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $t$: real variable, $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.26(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E8

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(ii), §18.26(ii), §18.26 and Ch.18

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18.26.15 $${\delta }_y\left(S_n(y^2;a,b,c)\right)/{\delta }_y(y^2)=-n{S}_{n-1}(y^2;a+\frac{1}{2},b+\frac{1}{2},c+\frac{1}{2}).$$

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Symbols:

${\delta }_x$: central difference, $S_n(x;a,b,c)$: continuous dual Hahn polynomial, $y$: real variable and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.26.E15

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.26(iii), §18.26 and Ch.18

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8: 18.25 Wilson Class: Definitions

… ►Table 18.25.1 lists the transformations of variable, orthogonality ranges, and parameter constraints that are needed in §18.2(i) for the Wilson polynomials $W_n(x;a,b,c,d)$, continuous dual Hahn polynomials $S_n(x;a,b,c)$, Racah polynomials $R_n(x;\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )$, and dual Hahn polynomials $R_n(x;\gamma ,\delta ,N)$. ►

Table 18.25.1: Wilson class OP’s: transformations of variable, orthogonality ranges, and parameter constraints.

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OP	$p_n(x)$	$x=\lambda (y)$	Orthogonality range for $y$	Constraints
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continuous dual Hahn	$S_n(x;a,b,c)$	$y^2$	$(0,\mathrm{\infty })$	$\mathrm{\Re }(a,b,c)>0$; nonreal parameters in conjugate pairs
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►Under certain conditions on their parameters the orthogonality range for the Wilson polynomials and continuous dual Hahn polynomials is $(0,\mathrm{\infty })\cup S$, where $S$ is a specific finite set, e. … ►

18.25.6 $$p_n(x)=S_n(x;a_1,a_2,a_3),$$

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Symbols:

$S_n(x;a,b,c)$: continuous dual Hahn polynomial, $p_n(x)$: polynomial of degree $n$ , $n$: nonnegative integer and $x$: real variable

Referenced by:

§18.25(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/18.25.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §18.25(ii), §18.25(ii), §18.25 and Ch.18

… ►Table 18.25.2 provides the leading coefficients $k_n$ (§18.2(iii)) for the Wilson, continuous dual Hahn, Racah, and dual Hahn polynomials. …

9: Bibliography

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Continuous Hahn polynomials. J. Phys. A 18 (16), pp. L1017–L1019.

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External Links:

ISSN 0305-4470, FullText, MathReview (T. S. Chihara), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§18.19, §18.20(ii), §18.21(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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10: 18.2 General Orthogonal Polynomials

… ►This happens, for example, with the continuous Hahn polynomials and Meixner–Pollaczek polynomials (§18.20(i)). …