Whittaker%20equation

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1: Bibliography D

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Formes canoniques des équations confluentes de l’équation de Heun. Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles Sér. I 92 (1-2), pp. 53–78.

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External Links:

MathReview (A. E. Danese), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§31.12.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Sur les équations confluentes de l’équation de Heun. Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles Sér. I 92 (3), pp. 151–189.

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External Links:

ISSN 0037-959X, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§31.12.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Complex zeros of cylinder functions. Math. Comp. 20 (94), pp. 215–222.

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Notes:

For a numerical error in one of the zeros see Amos (1985).

External Links:

ISSN 0025-5718, FullText, MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

2nd item.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Uniform asymptotic expansions for Whittaker’s confluent hypergeometric functions. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 20 (3), pp. 744–760.

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Notes:

(This reference has several typographical errors.)

External Links:

ISSN 0036-1410, Document, MathReview (F. W. J. Olver), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§13.21(ii), §13.21(iii), §13.21(iv).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Uniform asymptotic approximations for the Whittaker functions $M_{\kappa ,i\mu }(z)$ and $W_{\kappa ,i\mu }(z)$ . Anal. Appl. (Singap.) 1 (2), pp. 199–212.

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External Links:

ISSN 0219-5305, Document, MathReview (Hasan Taşeli), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§13.20(v).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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2: Errata

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18.34.1 $$y_n(x;a)={}_2{}^{}F_0^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-n,n+a-1}{-};-\frac{x}{2})={\left(n+a-1\right)}_n{\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)}^n{}_1{}^{}F_1^{}(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{-n}{-2n-a+2};\frac{2}{x})=n!{\left(-\frac{1}{2}x\right)}^n{L}_n^{(1-a-2n)}\left(2x^{-1}\right)={\left(\frac{1}{2}x\right)}^{1-\frac{1}{2}a}{\mathrm{e}}^{1/x}{W}_{1-\frac{1}{2}a,\frac{1}{2}(a-1)+n}\left(2x^{-1}\right)$$

This equation was updated to include the definition of Bessel polynomials in terms of Laguerre polynomials and the Whittaker confluent hypergeometric function.

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28.8.5 $$V_m(\xi )\sim \frac{1}{2^{4}h}\left(-D_{m+2}\left(\xi \right)-m(m-1)D_{m-2}\left(\xi \right)\right)+\frac{1}{2^{10}{h}^2}\left(D_{m+6}\left(\xi \right)+(m^2-25m-36)D_{m+2}\left(\xi \right)-m(m-1)(m^2+27m-10)D_{m-2}\left(\xi \right)-6!\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{6}\right)D_{m-6}\left(\xi \right)\right)+\mathrm{\cdots }$$

Originally the $-$ in front of the $6!$ was given incorrectly as $+$.

Reported 2017-02-02 by Daniel Karlsson.

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Several new equations have been added. See (8.17.24), (20.7.34), §20.11(v), (26.12.27), (36.2.28), and (36.2.29).

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13.18.7 $$W_{-\frac{1}{4},\pm \frac{1}{4}}\left(z^2\right)={\mathrm{e}}^{\frac{1}{2}{z}^2}\sqrt{\pi z}\mathrm{erfc}\left(z\right)$$

Originally the left-hand side was given correctly as $W_{-\frac{1}{4},-\frac{1}{4}}\left(z^2\right)$; the equation is true also for $W_{-\frac{1}{4},+\frac{1}{4}}\left(z^2\right)$.

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Bibliographic citations were added in §§1.13(v), 10.14, 10.21(ii), 18.15(v), 18.32, 30.16(iii), 32.13(ii), and as general references in Chapters 19, 20, 22, and 23.

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3: 5.11 Asymptotic Expansions

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5.11.1 $$\mathrm{Ln}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)\sim \left(z-\frac{1}{2}\right)\ln z-z+\frac{1}{2}\ln \left(2\pi \right)+\sum _{k=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{B_{2k}}{2k(2k-1)z^{2k-1}}$$

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Symbols:

$B_n$: Bernoulli numbers, $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{Ln}z$: general logarithm function, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, $k$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

6.1.40

Referenced by:

§5.11(i), §5.11(i), §5.11(ii), §5.11(ii), Erratum (V1.0.10) for Equations (5.9.10), (5.9.11), (5.10.1), (5.11.1), (5.11.8)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.11.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.10):

To increase the region of validity of this equation, the logarithm of the gamma function that appears on its left-hand side has been changed to $\mathrm{Ln}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$, where $\mathrm{Ln}$ is the general logarithm. Originally $\ln \mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$ was used, where $\ln$ is the principal branch of the logarithm.

Suggested 2015-02-13 by Philippe Spindel

See also:

Annotations for §5.11(i), §5.11 and Ch.5

… ►Wrench (1968) gives exact values of $g_k$ up to $g_{20}$. … ►The expansion (5.11.1) is called Stirling’s series (Whittaker and Watson (1927, §12.33)), whereas the expansion (5.11.3), or sometimes just its leading term, is known as Stirling’s formula (Abramowitz and Stegun (1964, §6.1), Olver (1997b, p. 88)). … ►

5.11.8 $$\mathrm{Ln}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z+h\right)\sim \left(z+h-\frac{1}{2}\right)\ln z-z+\frac{1}{2}\ln \left(2\pi \right)+\sum _{k=2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-1)}^k{B}_k\left(h\right)}{k(k-1)z^{k-1}},$$

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Symbols:

$B_n\left(x\right)$: Bernoulli polynomials, $\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\sim$: Poincaré asymptotic expansion, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $[a,b]$: closed interval, $\mathrm{Ln}z$: general logarithm function, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, $k$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

Referenced by:

§12.10(ii), (5.11.8), §5.11(i), §5.11(ii), Erratum (V1.0.10) for Equations (5.9.10), (5.9.11), (5.10.1), (5.11.1), (5.11.8), Erratum (V1.0.11) for Equation (5.11.8)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.11.E8

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Generalization (effective with 1.0.11):

Originally $h$ in (5.11.8) was unnecessarily restricted to lie in the interval $[0,1]$. In fact, $h$ may lie anywhere in the complex plane.

Suggested 2015-02-28 by Nico Temme

Addition (effective with 1.0.10):

To increase the region of validity of this equation, the logarithm of the gamma function that appears on its left-hand side has been changed to $\mathrm{Ln}\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z+h\right)$, where $\mathrm{Ln}$ is the general logarithm. Originally $\ln \mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z+h\right)$ was used, where $\ln$ is the principal branch of the logarithm.

Suggested 2015-02-13 by Philippe Spindel

See also:

Annotations for §5.11(i), §5.11(i), §5.11 and Ch.5

… ►For further information see Olver (1997b, pp. 293–295), and for other error bounds see Whittaker and Watson (1927, §12.33), Spira (1971), and Schäfke and Finsterer (1990). …

4: Software Index

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	Open Source													With Book						Commercial
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13.32(ii) $M(a,b,x)$, $U(a,b,x)$, $𝐌(a,b,x)$, $M_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(x\right)$, $W_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(x\right)$, $x,a,b\in ℝ$	✓		✓	✓	✓	✓						✓	✓	✓			✓		✓		✓	✓	a
13.32(iii) $M(a,b,z)$, $U(a,b,z)$, $𝐌(a,b,z)$, $M_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(z\right)$, $W_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(z\right)$, $z,a,b\in ℂ$	✓											✓	✓	✓					✓		✓	✓	a
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20 Theta Functions
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28 Mathieu Functions and Hill’s Equation
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5: 28.8 Asymptotic Expansions for Large $q$

… ►Also let $\xi =2\sqrt{h}\cos x$ and $D_m\left(\xi \right)={\mathrm{e}}^{-{\xi }^2/4}{\mathrm{𝐻𝑒}}_m\left(\xi \right)$ (§18.3). … ►Barrett (1981) supplies asymptotic approximations for numerically satisfactory pairs of solutions of both Mathieu’s equation (28.2.1) and the modified Mathieu equation (28.20.1). … ►The approximations are expressed in terms of Whittaker functions $W_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(z\right)$ and $M_{\kappa ,\mu }\left(z\right)$ with $\mu =\frac{1}{4}$; compare §2.8(vi). …With additional restrictions on $z$, uniform asymptotic approximations for solutions of (28.2.1) and (28.20.1) are also obtained in terms of elementary functions by re-expansions of the Whittaker functions; compare §2.8(ii). ►Subsequently the asymptotic solutions involving either elementary or Whittaker functions are identified in terms of the Floquet solutions ${\mathrm{me}}_{\nu }(z,q)$ (§28.12(ii)) and modified Mathieu functions ${\mathrm{M}}_{\nu }^{(j)}(z,h)$ (§28.20(iii)). …

6: 20.7 Identities

… ►For these and similar formulas see Lawden (1989, §1.4), Whittaker and Watson (1927, pp. 487–488), and Carlson (2011, §5). … ►Addendum: For a companion equation see (20.7.34). … ►See Lawden (1989, pp. 19–20). … ►In the following equations ${\tau }^{\prime }=-1/\tau$, and all square roots assume their principal values. … ►

20.7.34 $$\frac{{\theta }_1(z,q^2){\theta }_3(z,q^2)}{{\theta }_1(z,\mathrm{i}q)}=\frac{{\theta }_2(z,q^2){\theta }_4(z,q^2)}{{\theta }_2(z,\mathrm{i}q)}={\mathrm{i}}^{-1/4}\sqrt{\frac{{\theta }_2(0,q^2){\theta }_4(0,q^2)}{2}}.$$

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Symbols:

${\theta }_j(z,q)$: theta function, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $z$: complex and $q$: nome

Referenced by:

§20.7(iv), Erratum (V1.0.5) for Chapters 8, 20, 36

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/20.7.E34

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

Addition (effective with 1.0.5):

This equation has been added. See Walker (2012).

See also:

Annotations for §20.7(ix), §20.7 and Ch.20

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7: 28.1 Special Notation

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$m,n$	integers.
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$a,q,h$	real or complex parameters of Mathieu’s equation with $q=h^2$.
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${\mathrm{ce}}_{\nu }(z,q)$,

${\mathrm{se}}_{\nu }(z,q)$,

${\mathrm{fe}}_n(z,q)$,

${\mathrm{ge}}_n(z,q)$,

${\mathrm{me}}_{\nu }(z,q)$,

… ►The eigenvalues of Mathieu’s equation are denoted by … ►

Table 28.1.1: Notations for parameters in Mathieu’s equation.

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Reference	$a$	$q$
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Abramowitz and Stegun (1964, Chapter 20)

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8: Bibliography N

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On an integral transform involving a class of Mathieu functions. SIAM J. Math. Anal. 20 (6), pp. 1500–1513.

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External Links:

ISSN 0036-1410, Document, MathReview (K. C. Gupta), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§28.26(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Reduction and evaluation of elliptic integrals. Math. Comp. 20 (94), pp. 223–231.

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External Links:

FullText, MathReview (I. A. Stegun), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§19.37(iv).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Solving equations exactly. J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards Sect. B 71B, pp. 171–179.

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External Links:

MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§27.15.

Encodings:

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A table of integrals of the error functions. J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards Sect B. 73B, pp. 1–20.

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Notes:

See for additions and corrections same journal, Sect. B 75, 149–163 (1975)

External Links:

MathReview, ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§7.14(iii), §7.21, §7.7(iii).

Encodings:

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Evaluation of negative energy Coulomb (Whittaker) functions. Comput. Phys. Comm. 159 (1), pp. 55–62.

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Notes:

Double-precision Fortran-90 code.

External Links:

Document, Code

Referenced by:

§33.23(vi), 8th item.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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9: Bibliography O

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Studies on the Painlevé equations. I. Sixth Painlevé equation $P_{\mathrm{VI}}$ . Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (4) 146, pp. 337–381.

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External Links:

ISSN 0003-4622, Document, MathReview (Hélène Airault), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.10(vi), §32.6(v), §32.7(vii), §32.7(viii).

Encodings:

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Studies on the Painlevé equations. II. Fifth Painlevé equation $P_{\mathrm{V}}$ . Japan. J. Math. (N.S.) 13 (1), pp. 47–76.

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External Links:

ISSN 0289-2316, MathReview (Hélène Airault), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.10(v), §32.6(v), §32.7(viii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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An error analysis of the modified Clenshaw method for evaluating Chebyshev and Fourier series. J. Inst. Math. Appl. 20 (3), pp. 379–391.

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External Links:

Document, MathReview (David L. Elliott), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§3.11(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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On the asymptotic solution of second-order differential equations having an irregular singularity of rank one, with an application to Whittaker functions. J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math. Ser. B Numer. Anal. 2 (2), pp. 225–243.

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External Links:

Document, MathReview (T. E. Hull), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§13.19, §13.7(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Whittaker functions with both parameters large: Uniform approximations in terms of parabolic cylinder functions. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A 86 (3-4), pp. 213–234.

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External Links:

ISSN 0308-2105, MathReview (P. F. Hsieh), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§13.20(iii), §13.20(iv).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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