Weierstrass

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1: 23.2 Definitions and Periodic Properties

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§23.2(i) Lattices

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§23.2(ii) Weierstrass Elliptic Functions

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§23.2(iii) Periodicity

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2: 23.3 Differential Equations

… ►The lattice invariants are defined by … ►and are denoted by $e_1,e_2,e_3$. … ►Similarly for $\zeta (z;g_2,g_3)$ and $\sigma (z;g_2,g_3)$. As functions of $g_2$ and $g_3$, $\mathrm{\wp }(z;g_2,g_3)$ and $\zeta (z;g_2,g_3)$ are meromorphic and $\sigma (z;g_2,g_3)$ is entire. … ►

§23.3(ii) Differential Equations and Derivatives

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3: 23.14 Integrals

§23.14 Integrals

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23.14.1 $$\int \mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)dz=-\zeta \left(z\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ (= $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\mathrm{\wp }(z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass $\mathrm{\wp }$-function, $\zeta \left(z\right)$ (= $\zeta \left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\zeta (z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass zeta function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $𝕃$: lattice and $z$: complex

A&S Ref:

18.6.1

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/23.14.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §23.14 and Ch.23

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23.14.2 $$\int {\mathrm{\wp }}^2\left(z\right)dz=\frac{1}{6}{\mathrm{\wp }}^{\prime }\left(z\right)+\frac{1}{12}{g}_{2}z,$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ (= $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\mathrm{\wp }(z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass $\mathrm{\wp }$-function, $g_j$: Weierstrass lattice invariants $g_2$, $g_3$ , $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $𝕃$: lattice and $z$: complex

A&S Ref:

18.7.1

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/23.14.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §23.14 and Ch.23

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23.14.3 $$\int {\mathrm{\wp }}^3\left(z\right)dz=\frac{1}{120}{\mathrm{\wp }}^{\prime \prime \prime }\left(z\right)-\frac{3}{20}{g}_2\zeta \left(z\right)+\frac{1}{10}{g}_{3}z.$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ (= $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\mathrm{\wp }(z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass $\mathrm{\wp }$-function, $g_j$: Weierstrass lattice invariants $g_2$, $g_3$ , $\zeta \left(z\right)$ (= $\zeta \left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\zeta (z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass zeta function, $dx$: differential of $x$ , $\int$: integral, $𝕃$: lattice and $z$: complex

A&S Ref:

18.7.2

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/23.14.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §23.14 and Ch.23

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4: 23.7 Quarter Periods

§23.7 Quarter Periods

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23.7.1 $$\mathrm{\wp }\left(\frac{1}{2}{\omega }_1\right)=e_1+\sqrt{(e_1-e_3)(e_1-e_2)}=e_1+{\omega }_1^{-2}{(K\left(k\right))}^2{k}^{\prime },$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ (= $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\mathrm{\wp }(z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass $\mathrm{\wp }$-function, $e_j$: Weierstrass lattice roots, $K\left(k\right)$: Legendre’s complete elliptic integral of the first kind, $𝕃$: lattice, ${\omega }_1$, ${\omega }_3$, ${\omega }_2=-{\omega }_1-{\omega }_3$: lattice generators, $k$: modulus and $k^{\prime }$: complementary modulus

A&S Ref:

18.3.18

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/23.7.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §23.7 and Ch.23

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23.7.2 $$\mathrm{\wp }\left(\frac{1}{2}{\omega }_2\right)=e_2-\mathrm{i}\sqrt{(e_1-e_2)(e_2-e_3)}=e_2-\mathrm{i}{\omega }_1^{-2}{(K\left(k\right))}^{2}k{k}^{\prime },$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ (= $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\mathrm{\wp }(z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass $\mathrm{\wp }$-function, $e_j$: Weierstrass lattice roots, $K\left(k\right)$: Legendre’s complete elliptic integral of the first kind, $\mathrm{i}$: imaginary unit, $𝕃$: lattice, ${\omega }_1$, ${\omega }_3$, ${\omega }_2=-{\omega }_1-{\omega }_3$: lattice generators, $k$: modulus and $k^{\prime }$: complementary modulus

A&S Ref:

18.3.18

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/23.7.E2

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §23.7 and Ch.23

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23.7.3 $$\mathrm{\wp }\left(\frac{1}{2}{\omega }_3\right)=e_3-\sqrt{(e_1-e_3)(e_2-e_3)}=e_3-{\omega }_1^{-2}{(K\left(k\right))}^{2}k,$$

ⓘ

Symbols:

$\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ (= $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\mathrm{\wp }(z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass $\mathrm{\wp }$-function, $e_j$: Weierstrass lattice roots, $K\left(k\right)$: Legendre’s complete elliptic integral of the first kind, $𝕃$: lattice, ${\omega }_1$, ${\omega }_3$, ${\omega }_2=-{\omega }_1-{\omega }_3$: lattice generators and $k$: modulus

A&S Ref:

18.3.18

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/23.7.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §23.7 and Ch.23

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5: 23.13 Zeros

§23.13 Zeros

►For information on the zeros of $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ see Eichler and Zagier (1982).

6: 23.10 Addition Theorems and Other Identities

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§23.10(i) Addition Theorems

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§23.10(ii) Duplication Formulas

… ►(23.10.8) continues to hold when $e_1$, $e_2$, $e_3$ are permuted cyclically. … ►

§23.10(iii) $n$-Tuple Formulas

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§23.10(iv) Homogeneity

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7: 23.4 Graphics

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§23.4(i) Real Variables

►Line graphs of the Weierstrass functions $\mathrm{\wp }\left(x\right)$, $\zeta \left(x\right)$, and $\sigma \left(x\right)$, illustrating the lemniscatic and equianharmonic cases. … ►

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Figure 23.4.6: $\sigma (x;0,g_3)$ for $-5\le x\le 5$, $g_3$ = 0. … Magnify

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§23.4(ii) Complex Variables

►Surfaces for the Weierstrass functions $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$, $\zeta \left(z\right)$, and $\sigma \left(z\right)$. …

8: 23.21 Physical Applications

§23.21 Physical Applications

… ►The Weierstrass function $\mathrm{\wp }$ plays a similar role for cubic potentials in canonical form $g_3+g_{2}x-4x^3$. … ►

§23.21(ii) Nonlinear Evolution Equations

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§23.21(iii) Ellipsoidal Coordinates

… ►where $x,y,z$ are the corresponding Cartesian coordinates and $e_1$, $e_2$, $e_3$ are constants. …

9: 23.23 Tables

§23.23 Tables

… ►2 in Abramowitz and Stegun (1964) gives values of $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$, ${\mathrm{\wp }}^{\prime }\left(z\right)$, and $\zeta \left(z\right)$ to 7 or 8D in the rectangular and rhombic cases, normalized so that ${\omega }_1=1$ and ${\omega }_3=\mathrm{i}a$ (rectangular case), or ${\omega }_1=1$ and ${\omega }_3=\frac{1}{2}+\mathrm{i}a$ (rhombic case), for $a$ = 1. …05, and in the case of $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ the user may deduce values for complex $z$ by application of the addition theorem (23.10.1). ►Abramowitz and Stegun (1964) also includes other tables to assist the computation of the Weierstrass functions, for example, the generators as functions of the lattice invariants $g_2$ and $g_3$. ►For earlier tables related to Weierstrass functions see Fletcher et al. (1962, pp. 503–505) and Lebedev and Fedorova (1960, pp. 223–226).

10: 23.9 Laurent and Other Power Series

§23.9 Laurent and Other Power Series

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$c_2={\displaystyle \frac{1}{20}}{g}_2,$

… ►For $j=1,2,3$, and with $e_j$ as in §23.3(i), ►

23.9.6 $$\mathrm{\wp }\left({\omega }_j+t\right)=e_j+(3{e_j}^2-5c_2)t^2+(10c_2{e}_j+21c_3)t^4+(7c_2{e_j}^2+21c_3{e}_j+5c_2^2)t^6+O\left(t^8\right),$$

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Symbols:

$O\left(x\right)$: order not exceeding, $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)$ (= $\mathrm{\wp }\left(z|𝕃\right)$ = $\mathrm{\wp }(z;g_2,g_3)$): Weierstrass $\mathrm{\wp }$-function, $e_j$: Weierstrass lattice roots, $𝕃$: lattice, ${\omega }_1$, ${\omega }_3$, ${\omega }_2=-{\omega }_1-{\omega }_3$: lattice generators, $c_n$ and $t$: variable

Referenced by:

§23.9

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/23.9.E6

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §23.9 and Ch.23

… ►Also, Abramowitz and Stegun (1964, (18.5.25)) supplies the first 22 terms in the reverted form of (23.9.2) as $1/\mathrm{\wp }\left(z\right)\to 0$. …