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11: 3.9 Acceleration of Convergence
If s n is the n th partial sum of a power series f , then t n , 2 k = ε 2 k ( n ) is the Padé approximant [ ( n + k ) / k ] f 3.11(iv)). …
12: 18.40 Methods of Computation
The question is then: how is this possible given only F N ( z ) , rather than F ( z ) itself? F N ( z ) often converges to smooth results for z off the real axis for z at a distance greater than the pole spacing of the x n , this may then be followed by approximate numerical analytic continuation via fitting to lower order continued fractions (either Padé, see §3.11(iv), or pointwise continued fraction approximants, see Schlessinger (1968, Appendix)), to F N ( z ) and evaluating these on the real axis in regions of higher pole density that those of the approximating function. …
13: 18.36 Miscellaneous Polynomials
They are related to Hermite–Padé approximation and can be used for proofs of irrationality or transcendence of interesting numbers. …
14: 24.16 Generalizations
In no particular order, other generalizations include: Bernoulli numbers and polynomials with arbitrary complex index (Butzer et al. (1992)); Euler numbers and polynomials with arbitrary complex index (Butzer et al. (1994)); q-analogs (Carlitz (1954a), Andrews and Foata (1980)); conjugate Bernoulli and Euler polynomials (Hauss (1997, 1998)); Bernoulli–Hurwitz numbers (Katz (1975)); poly-Bernoulli numbers (Kaneko (1997)); Universal Bernoulli numbers (Clarke (1989)); p -adic integer order Bernoulli numbers (Adelberg (1996)); p -adic q -Bernoulli numbers (Kim and Kim (1999)); periodic Bernoulli numbers (Berndt (1975b)); cotangent numbers (Girstmair (1990b)); Bernoulli–Carlitz numbers (Goss (1978)); Bernoulli–Padé numbers (Dilcher (2002)); Bernoulli numbers belonging to periodic functions (Urbanowicz (1988)); cyclotomic Bernoulli numbers (Girstmair (1990a)); modified Bernoulli numbers (Zagier (1998)); higher-order Bernoulli and Euler polynomials with multiple parameters (Erdélyi et al. (1953a, §§1.13.1, 1.14.1)).
15: Bibliography B
  • G. A. Baker and P. Graves-Morris (1996) Padé Approximants. 2nd edition, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, Vol. 59, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • C. Brezinski (1980) Padé-type Approximation and General Orthogonal Polynomials. International Series of Numerical Mathematics, Vol. 50, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel.
  • 16: Bibliography
  • G. E. Andrews, I. P. Goulden, and D. M. Jackson (1986) Shanks’ convergence acceleration transform, Padé approximants and partitions. J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 43 (1), pp. 70–84.