Euler sum

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1: 25.16 Mathematical Applications

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§25.16(ii) Euler Sums

►Euler sums have the form … ►For integer $s$ ($\ge 2$), $H\left(s\right)$ can be evaluated in terms of the zeta function: … ► $H\left(s\right)$ is the special case $H(s,1)$ of the function …when both $H(s,z)$ and $H(z,s)$ are finite. …

2: 24.14 Sums

§24.14 Sums

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24.14.3 $$\sum _{k=0}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{n}{k}\right)E_k\left(h\right)E_{n-k}\left(x\right)=2(E_{n+1}\left(x+h\right)-(x+h-1)E_n\left(x+h\right)),$$

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Symbols:

$E_n\left(x\right)$: Euler polynomials, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $k$: integer, $n$: integer and $x$: real or complex

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.14.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.14(i), §24.14 and Ch.24

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24.14.5 $$\sum _{k=0}^n\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{n}{k}\right)E_k\left(h\right)B_{n-k}\left(x\right)=2^n{B}_n\left(\frac{1}{2}(x+h)\right),$$

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Symbols:

$B_n\left(x\right)$: Bernoulli polynomials, $E_n\left(x\right)$: Euler polynomials, $\left(\genfrac{}{}{0.0pt}{}{m}{n}\right)$: binomial coefficient, $k$: integer, $n$: integer and $x$: real or complex

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.14.E5

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §24.14(i), §24.14 and Ch.24

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24.14.9 $$\sum \frac{(2n)!}{(2j)!(2k)!(2\mathrm{\ell })!}{E}_{2j}{E}_{2k}{E}_{2\mathrm{\ell }}=\frac{1}{2}\left(E_{2n}-E_{2n+2}\right).$$

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Symbols:

$E_n$: Euler numbers, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $j$: integer, $k$: integer, $\mathrm{\ell }$: integer and $n$: integer

Referenced by:

§24.14(ii)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/24.14.E9

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §24.14(ii), §24.14 and Ch.24

… ►For other sums involving Bernoulli and Euler numbers and polynomials see Hansen (1975, pp. 331–347) and Prudnikov et al. (1990, pp. 383–386).

3: 17.5 ${}_0{}^{}\varphi _0^{},{}_1{}^{}\varphi _0^{},{}_1{}^{}\varphi _1^{}$ Functions

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Euler’s Second Sum

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Euler’s First Sum

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4: 24.20 Tables

§24.20 Tables

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5: 5.7 Series Expansions

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5.7.1 $$\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)}=\sum _{k=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{c}_k{z}^k,$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $k$: nonnegative integer, $z$: complex variable and $c_k$: coefficient

A&S Ref:

6.1.34

Referenced by:

§5.7(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.7.E1

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §5.7(i), §5.7 and Ch.5

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5.7.3 $$\ln \mathrm{\Gamma }\left(1+z\right)=-\ln \left(1+z\right)+z(1-\gamma )+\sum _{k=2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k(\zeta \left(k\right)-1)\frac{z^k}{k},$$ .

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function, $k$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

6.1.33

Referenced by:

§5.21, §5.7(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.7.E3

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §5.7(i), §5.7 and Ch.5

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5.7.4 $$\psi \left(1+z\right)=-\gamma +\sum _{k=2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^k\zeta \left(k\right)z^{k-1},$$ ,

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Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\psi \left(z\right)$: psi (or digamma) function, $k$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

6.3.14

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.7.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §5.7(i), §5.7 and Ch.5

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5.7.5 $$\psi \left(1+z\right)=\frac{1}{2z}-\frac{\pi }{2}\cot \left(\pi z\right)+\frac{1}{z^2-1}+1-\gamma -\sum _{k=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}(\zeta \left(2k+1\right)-1)z^{2k},$$ , $z\ne 0,\pm 1$.

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Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\zeta \left(s\right)$: Riemann zeta function, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\cot z$: cotangent function, $\psi \left(z\right)$: psi (or digamma) function, $k$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

A&S Ref:

6.3.15

Referenced by:

§5.7(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.7.E5

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §5.7(i), §5.7 and Ch.5

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5.7.6 $$\psi \left(z\right)=-\gamma -\frac{1}{z}+\sum _{k=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{z}{k(k+z)}=-\gamma +\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\left(\frac{1}{k+1}-\frac{1}{k+z}\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\psi \left(z\right)$: psi (or digamma) function, $k$: nonnegative integer and $z$: complex variable

Referenced by:

§5.19(i)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/5.7.E6

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §5.7(ii), §5.7 and Ch.5

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6: Bibliography F

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Euler sums and contour integral representations. Experiment. Math. 7 (1), pp. 15–35.

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External Links:

ISSN 1058-6458, Link, MathReview (Bruce C. Berndt), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

(25.16.13), §25.16(ii), §25.16(ii), §25.16.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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7: 8.7 Series Expansions

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8.7.1 $${\gamma }^{\ast }(a,z)={\mathrm{e}}^{-z}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{z^k}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a+k+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a\right)}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-z)}^k}{k!(a+k)}.$$

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), ${\gamma }^{\ast }(a,z)$: incomplete gamma function, $z$: complex variable, $a$: parameter and $k$: nonnegative integer

A&S Ref:

6.5.29

Referenced by:

§8.11(ii), §8.14, §8.6(i), §8.7

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.7.E1

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §8.7 and Ch.8

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8.7.2 $$\gamma (a,x+y)-\gamma (a,x)=\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,x)-\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,x+y)={\mathrm{e}}^{-x}{x}^{a-1}\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{\left(1-a\right)}_n}{{(-x)}^n}(1-{\mathrm{e}}^{-y}{e}_n(y)),$$ .

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Symbols:

${\left(a\right)}_n$: Pochhammer’s symbol (or shifted factorial), $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,z)$: incomplete gamma function, $\gamma (a,z)$: incomplete gamma function, $x$: real variable, $a$: parameter, $n$: nonnegative integer and $e_n(z)$: functions

A&S Ref:

6.5.30

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.7.E2

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §8.7 and Ch.8

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8.7.3 $$\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,z)=\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a\right)-\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{{(-1)}^k{z}^{a+k}}{k!(a+k)}=\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a\right)\left(1-z^a{\mathrm{e}}^{-z}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{z^k}{\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a+k+1\right)}\right),$$ $a\ne 0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $!$: factorial (as in $n!$), $\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,z)$: incomplete gamma function, $z$: complex variable, $a$: parameter and $k$: nonnegative integer

Referenced by:

§8.14, §8.19(iv), §8.4, §8.7

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.7.E3

Encodings:

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See also:

Annotations for §8.7 and Ch.8

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8.7.4 $$\gamma (a,x)=\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(a\right)x^{\frac{1}{2}a}{\mathrm{e}}^{-x}\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{e}_n(-1)x^{\frac{1}{2}n}{I}_{n+a}\left(2x^{1/2}\right),$$ $a\ne 0,-1,-2,\mathrm{\dots }$.

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Symbols:

$\mathrm{\Gamma }\left(z\right)$: gamma function, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\gamma (a,z)$: incomplete gamma function, $I_{\nu }\left(z\right)$: modified Bessel function of the first kind, $x$: real variable, $a$: parameter, $n$: nonnegative integer and $e_n(z)$: functions

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.7.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §8.7 and Ch.8

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8.7.6 $$\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,x)=x^a{\mathrm{e}}^{-x}\sum _{n=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{L_n^{(a)}\left(x\right)}{n+1},$$ $x>0$, .

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Symbols:

$L_n^{(\alpha )}\left(x\right)$: Laguerre (or generalized Laguerre) polynomial, $\mathrm{e}$: base of natural logarithm, $\mathrm{\Gamma }(a,z)$: incomplete gamma function, $\mathrm{\Re }$: real part, $x$: real variable, $z$: complex variable, $a$: parameter and $n$: nonnegative integer

Proof sketch:

Integrate (18.12.13) from $z=0$ to $z=1$ and for the integral on the left-hand side use the substitution $z=\frac{t}{1+t}$. The resulting integral is (8.6.5). The constraint follows from (18.15.14).

Referenced by:

Erratum (V1.1.8) for Equation (8.7.6)

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/8.7.E6

Encodings:

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Addition (effective with 1.1.8):

The constraint was updated to include .

Suggested 2022-10-14 by Walter Gautschi

See also:

Annotations for §8.7 and Ch.8

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8: 27.5 Inversion Formulas

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27.5.4 $$n=\sum _{d|n}\varphi \left(d\right)⟺\varphi \left(n\right)=\sum _{d|n}d\mu \left(\frac{n}{d}\right),$$

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Symbols:

$\varphi \left(n\right)$: Euler’s totient, $\mu \left(n\right)$: Möbius function, $d$: positive integer and $n$: positive integer

A&S Ref:

24.3.2 II.B

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/27.5.E4

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §27.5 and Ch.27

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9: Bibliography B

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A new method for investigating Euler sums. Ramanujan J. 4 (4), pp. 397–419.

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External Links:

ISSN 1382-4090, Document, MathReview (Bruce C. Berndt), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

(25.6.16), (25.6.17), (25.6.18), (25.6.19), (25.6.20), §25.6(iii), §25.6(iii), §25.6.

Encodings:

BibTeX

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10: 6.15 Sums

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6.15.1 $$\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\mathrm{Ci}\left(\pi n\right)=\frac{1}{2}(\ln 2-\gamma ),$$

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Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{Ci}\left(z\right)$: cosine integral, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/6.15.E1

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §6.15 and Ch.6

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6.15.3 $$\sum _{n=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{(-1)}^n\mathrm{Ci}\left(2\pi n\right)=1-\ln 2-\frac{1}{2}\gamma ,$$

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Symbols:

$\gamma$: Euler’s constant, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $\mathrm{Ci}\left(z\right)$: cosine integral, $\ln z$: principal branch of logarithm function and $n$: nonnegative integer

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/6.15.E3

Encodings:

pMML, png, TeX

See also:

Annotations for §6.15 and Ch.6

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