Abel means

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1: 19.8 Quadratic Transformations

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§19.8(i) Gauss’s Arithmetic-Geometric Mean (AGM)

… ►As $n\to \mathrm{\infty }$, $a_n$ and $g_n$ converge to a common limit $M(a_0,g_0)$ called the AGM (Arithmetic-Geometric Mean) of $a_0$ and $g_0$. …showing that the convergence of $c_n$ to 0 and of $a_n$ and $g_n$ to $M(a_0,g_0)$ is quadratic in each case. … ►

19.8.5 $$K\left(k\right)=\frac{\pi }{2M(1,k^{\prime })},$$ .

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Symbols:

$M(a,g)$: arithmetic-geometric mean, $\pi$: the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, $K\left(k\right)$: Legendre’s complete elliptic integral of the first kind, $k$: real or complex modulus and $k^{\prime }$: complementary modulus

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/19.8.E5

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Annotations for §19.8(i), §19.8 and Ch.19

… ►Again, $p_n$ and ${\epsilon }_n$ converge quadratically to $M(a_0,g_0)$ and 0, respectively, and $Q_n$ converges to 0 faster than quadratically. …

2: 1.15 Summability Methods

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Abel Summability

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Abel Means

… ► $A(r,\theta )$ is a harmonic function in polar coordinates (1.9.27), and … ►If $f(\theta )$ is periodic and integrable on $[0,2\pi ]$, then as $n\to \mathrm{\infty }$ the Abel means $A(r,\theta )$ and the (C,1) means ${\sigma }_n(\theta )$ converge to … ►

Abel Summability

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3: 1.2 Elementary Algebra

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§1.2(iv) Means

►The arithmetic mean of $n$ numbers $a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_n$ is … ►The geometric mean $G$ and harmonic mean $H$ of $n$ positive numbers $a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_n$ are given by … ►If $r$ is a nonzero real number, then the weighted mean $M(r)$ of $n$ nonnegative numbers $a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_n$, and $n$ positive numbers $p_1,p_2,\mathrm{\dots },p_n$ with … ►

$M(1)=A,$

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4: 22.18 Mathematical Applications

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§22.18(iv) Elliptic Curves and the Jacobi–Abel Addition Theorem

… ►For any two points $(x_1,y_1)$ and $(x_2,y_2)$ on this curve, their sum $(x_3,y_3)$, always a third point on the curve, is defined by the Jacobi–Abel addition law …a construction due to Abel; see Whittaker and Watson (1927, pp. 442, 496–497). …

5: 2.10 Sums and Sequences

… ►Another version is the Abel–Plana formula: … ►

The first infinite integral in (2.10.2) converges.

… ►These problems can be brought within the scope of §2.4 by means of Cauchy’s integral formula …

6: 1.7 Inequalities

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§1.7(iii) Means

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1.7.7 $$H\le G\le A,$$

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Symbols:

$A$: arithmetic mean, $G$: geometric mean and $H$: harmonic mean

A&S Ref:

3.2.1

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/1.7.E7

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Annotations for §1.7(iii), §1.7 and Ch.1

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1.7.8 $$\min (a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_n)\le M(r)\le \max (a_1,a_2,\mathrm{\dots },a_n),$$

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Symbols:

$n$: nonnegative integer and $M(r)$: weighted mean

A&S Ref:

3.2.2

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/1.7.E8

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Annotations for §1.7(iii), §1.7 and Ch.1

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1.7.9 $$M(r)\le M(s),$$ ,

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Symbols:

$M(r)$: weighted mean

A&S Ref:

3.2.4

Permalink:

http://dlmf.nist.gov/1.7.E9

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Annotations for §1.7(iii), §1.7 and Ch.1

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7: 15.17 Mathematical Applications

… ►Quadratic transformations give insight into the relation of elliptic integrals to the arithmetic-geometric mean (§19.22(ii)). … …

8: 22.20 Methods of Computation

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§22.20(ii) Arithmetic-Geometric Mean

… ►Then as $n\to \mathrm{\infty }$ sequences $\{a_n\}$, $\{b_n\}$ converge to a common limit $M=M(a_0,b_0)$, the arithmetic-geometric mean of $a_0,b_0$. … ►The rate of convergence is similar to that for the arithmetic-geometric mean. … ►using the arithmetic-geometric mean. … ►Alternatively, Sala (1989) shows how to apply the arithmetic-geometric mean to compute $\mathrm{am}(x,k)$. …

9: Bibliography Q

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On two problems concerning means. J. Hangzhou Inst. Elec. Engrg. 17, pp. 1–7 (Chinese).

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Notes:

In Chinese

Referenced by:

§19.9(i).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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10: Bibliography B

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Abelian Functions: Abel’s Theorem and the Allied Theory of Theta Functions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

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Notes:

Reprint of the 1897 original, with a foreword by Igor Krichever.

External Links:

ISBN 0-521-49877-5, MathReview (John B. Little), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§20.9(ii).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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Constant mean curvature surfaces and integrable equations. Uspekhi Mat. Nauk 46 (4(280)), pp. 3–42, 192 (Russian).

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Notes:

In Russian. English translation: Russian Math. Surveys, 46(1991), no. 4, pp. 1–45

External Links:

ISSN 0042-1316, MathReview (P. E. Markov), ZentralBlatt

Referenced by:

§32.11(iv).

Encodings:

BibTeX

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