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1: 34.2 Definition: 3 j Symbol
§34.2 Definition: 3 j Symbol
The quantities j 1 , j 2 , j 3 in the 3 j symbol are called angular momenta. …The corresponding projective quantum numbers m 1 , m 2 , m 3 are given by … where F 2 3 is defined as in §16.2. For alternative expressions for the 3 j symbol, written either as a finite sum or as other terminating generalized hypergeometric series F 2 3 of unit argument, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, §§8.21, 8.24–8.26).
2: 19.2 Definitions
where p j is a polynomial in t while ρ and σ are rational functions of t . … Here a , b , p are real parameters, and k c and x are real or complex variables, with p 0 , k c 0 . … If 1 < k 1 / sin ϕ , then k c is pure imaginary. …
§19.2(iv) A Related Function: R C ( x , y )
For the special cases of R C ( x , x ) and R C ( 0 , y ) see (19.6.15). …
3: 34.6 Definition: 9 j Symbol
The 9 j symbol may be defined either in terms of 3 j symbols or equivalently in terms of 6 j symbols:
34.6.1 { j 11 j 12 j 13 j 21 j 22 j 23 j 31 j 32 j 33 } = all  m r s ( j 11 j 12 j 13 m 11 m 12 m 13 ) ( j 21 j 22 j 23 m 21 m 22 m 23 ) ( j 31 j 32 j 33 m 31 m 32 m 33 ) ( j 11 j 21 j 31 m 11 m 21 m 31 ) ( j 12 j 22 j 32 m 12 m 22 m 32 ) ( j 13 j 23 j 33 m 13 m 23 m 33 ) ,
34.6.2 { j 11 j 12 j 13 j 21 j 22 j 23 j 31 j 32 j 33 } = j ( 1 ) 2 j ( 2 j + 1 ) { j 11 j 21 j 31 j 32 j 33 j } { j 12 j 22 j 32 j 21 j j 23 } { j 13 j 23 j 33 j j 11 j 12 } .
4: 34.5 Basic Properties: 6 j Symbol
34.5.9 { j 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } = { j 1 1 2 ( j 2 + l 2 + j 3 l 3 ) 1 2 ( j 2 l 2 + j 3 + l 3 ) l 1 1 2 ( j 2 + l 2 j 3 + l 3 ) 1 2 ( j 2 + l 2 + j 3 + l 3 ) } ,
34.5.11 ( 2 j 1 + 1 ) ( ( J 3 + J 2 J 1 ) ( L 3 + L 2 J 1 ) 2 ( J 3 L 3 + J 2 L 2 J 1 L 1 ) ) { j 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } = j 1 E ( j 1 + 1 ) { j 1 + 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } + ( j 1 + 1 ) E ( j 1 ) { j 1 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } ,
34.5.14 j 3 ( 2 j 3 + 1 ) ( 2 l 3 + 1 ) { j 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } { j 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } = δ l 3 , l 3 .
34.5.16 ( 1 ) j 1 + j 2 + j 3 + j 1 + j 2 + l 1 + l 2 { j 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } { j 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } = j ( 1 ) l 3 + l 3 + j ( 2 j + 1 ) { j 1 j 1 j j 2 j 2 j 3 } { l 3 l 3 j j 1 j 1 l 2 } { l 3 l 3 j j 2 j 2 l 1 } .
34.5.23 ( j 1 j 2 j 3 m 1 m 2 m 3 ) { j 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } = m 1 m 2 m 3 ( 1 ) l 1 + l 2 + l 3 + m 1 + m 2 + m 3 ( j 1 l 2 l 3 m 1 m 2 m 3 ) ( l 1 j 2 l 3 m 1 m 2 m 3 ) ( l 1 l 2 j 3 m 1 m 2 m 3 ) .
5: 34.4 Definition: 6 j Symbol
§34.4 Definition: 6 j Symbol
The 6 j symbol is defined by the following double sum of products of 3 j symbols: … Except in degenerate cases the combination of the triangle inequalities for the four 3 j symbols in (34.4.1) is equivalent to the existence of a tetrahedron (possibly degenerate) with edges of lengths j 1 , j 2 , j 3 , l 1 , l 2 , l 3 ; see Figure 34.4.1. … where F 3 4 is defined as in §16.2. For alternative expressions for the 6 j symbol, written either as a finite sum or as other terminating generalized hypergeometric series F 3 4 of unit argument, see Varshalovich et al. (1988, §§9.2.1, 9.2.3).
6: 34.3 Basic Properties: 3 j Symbol
§34.3 Basic Properties: 3 j Symbol
When any one of j 1 , j 2 , j 3 is equal to 0 , 1 2 , or 1 , the 3 j symbol has a simple algebraic form. …For these and other results, and also cases in which any one of j 1 , j 2 , j 3 is 3 2 or 2 , see Edmonds (1974, pp. 125–127). …
§34.3(ii) Symmetry
Even permutations of columns of a 3 j symbol leave it unchanged; odd permutations of columns produce a phase factor ( 1 ) j 1 + j 2 + j 3 , for example, …
7: 34.1 Special Notation
The main functions treated in this chapter are the Wigner 3 j , 6 j , 9 j symbols, respectively,
( j 1 j 2 j 3 m 1 m 2 m 3 ) ,
{ j 1 j 2 j 3 l 1 l 2 l 3 } ,
An often used alternative to the 3 j symbol is the Clebsch–Gordan coefficient …For other notations for 3 j , 6 j , 9 j symbols, see Edmonds (1974, pp. 52, 97, 104–105) and Varshalovich et al. (1988, §§8.11, 9.10, 10.10).
8: 34.7 Basic Properties: 9 j Symbol
34.7.1 { j 11 j 12 j 13 j 21 j 22 j 13 j 31 j 31 0 } = ( 1 ) j 12 + j 21 + j 13 + j 31 ( ( 2 j 13 + 1 ) ( 2 j 31 + 1 ) ) 1 2 { j 11 j 12 j 13 j 22 j 21 j 31 } .
34.7.2 j 12 j 34 ( 2 j 12 + 1 ) ( 2 j 34 + 1 ) ( 2 j 13 + 1 ) ( 2 j 24 + 1 ) { j 1 j 2 j 12 j 3 j 4 j 34 j 13 j 24 j } { j 1 j 2 j 12 j 3 j 4 j 34 j 13 j 24 j } = δ j 13 , j 13 δ j 24 , j 24 .
34.7.3 j 13 j 24 ( 1 ) 2 j 2 + j 24 + j 23 j 34 ( 2 j 13 + 1 ) ( 2 j 24 + 1 ) { j 1 j 2 j 12 j 3 j 4 j 34 j 13 j 24 j } { j 1 j 3 j 13 j 4 j 2 j 24 j 14 j 23 j } = { j 1 j 2 j 12 j 4 j 3 j 34 j 14 j 23 j } .
34.7.4 ( j 13 j 23 j 33 m 13 m 23 m 33 ) { j 11 j 12 j 13 j 21 j 22 j 23 j 31 j 32 j 33 } = m r 1 , m r 2 , r = 1 , 2 , 3 ( j 11 j 12 j 13 m 11 m 12 m 13 ) ( j 21 j 22 j 23 m 21 m 22 m 23 ) ( j 31 j 32 j 33 m 31 m 32 m 33 ) ( j 11 j 21 j 31 m 11 m 21 m 31 ) ( j 12 j 22 j 32 m 12 m 22 m 32 ) .
34.7.5 j ( 2 j + 1 ) { j 11 j 12 j j 21 j 22 j 23 j 31 j 32 j 33 } { j 11 j 12 j j 23 j 33 j } = ( 1 ) 2 j { j 21 j 22 j 23 j 12 j j 32 } { j 31 j 32 j 33 j j 11 j 21 } .
9: 34.8 Approximations for Large Parameters
§34.8 Approximations for Large Parameters
For large values of the parameters in the 3 j , 6 j , and 9 j symbols, different asymptotic forms are obtained depending on which parameters are large. …
34.8.1 { j 1 j 2 j 3 j 2 j 1 l 3 } = ( 1 ) j 1 + j 2 + j 3 + l 3 ( 4 π ( 2 j 1 + 1 ) ( 2 j 2 + 1 ) ( 2 l 3 + 1 ) sin θ ) 1 2 ( cos ( ( l 3 + 1 2 ) θ 1 4 π ) + o ( 1 ) ) , j 1 , j 2 , j 3 l 3 1 ,
Uniform approximations in terms of Airy functions for the 3 j and 6 j symbols are given in Schulten and Gordon (1975b). For approximations for the 3 j , 6 j , and 9 j symbols with error bounds see Flude (1998), Chen et al. (1999), and Watson (1999): these references also cite earlier work.
10: 26.4 Lattice Paths: Multinomial Coefficients and Set Partitions
Table 26.4.1 gives numerical values of multinomials and partitions λ , M 1 , M 2 , M 3 for 1 m n 5 . These are given by the following equations in which a 1 , a 2 , , a n are nonnegative integers such that … M 1 is the multinominal coefficient (26.4.2): … M 3 is the number of set partitions of { 1 , 2 , , n } with a 1 subsets of size 1, a 2 subsets of size 2, , and a n subsets of size n : …For each n all possible values of a 1 , a 2 , , a n are covered. …